"La cuestión de límites": Intelectuais, diplomatas e a disputa pelas fronteiras entre Argentina e Chile (Séculos XIX a XXI)

Os Estados argentino e chileno atualmente são divididos pela terceira maior linha fronteiriça do mundo e, desde a segunda metade do século XIX, houve intensos debates intelectuais sobre as áreas a serem controladas por cada país. O artigo relaciona como a intensificação da produção daqueles homens colaborou na construção de rivalidades, antagonismos e tensões internacionais que quase levaram à guerra em três oportunidades. Seu objetivo central é debater as conexões entre intelectuais, diplomatas, políticos e militares em perspectiva comparada e conectada, tendo como foco o debate sobre a linha internacional de fronteiras

Segtor: Rapid Annotation of Genomic Coordinates and Single Nucleotide Variations Using Segment Trees

Various research projects often involve determining the relative position of genomic coordinates, intervals, single nucleotide variations (SNVs), insertions, deletions and translocations with respect to genes and their potential impact on protein translation. Due to the tremendous increase in throughput brought by the use of next-generation sequencing, investigators are routinely faced with the need to annotate very large datasets. We present Segtor, a tool to annotate large sets of genomic coordinates, intervals, SNVs, indels and translocations. Our tool uses segment trees built using the start and end coordinates of the genomic features the user wishes to use instead of storing them in a database management system. The software also produces annotation statistics to allow users to visualize how many coordinates were found within various portions of genes. Our system currently can be made to work with any species available on the UCSC Genome Browser. Segtor is a suitable tool for groups, especially those with limited access to programmers or with interest to analyze large amounts of individual genomes, who wish to determine the relative position of very large sets of mapped reads and subsequently annotate observed mutations between the reads and the reference. Segtor (http://lbbc.inca.gov.br/segtor/) is an open-source tool that can be freely downloaded for non-profit use. We also provide a web interface for testing purposes

Challenges in the use of NG2 antigen as a marker to predict MLL rearrangements in multi-center studies

AbstractRearrangements in MLL (MLL-r) are common within very young children with leukemia and affect the prognosis and treatment. Previous studies have suggested the use of the NG2 molecule as a marker for MLL-r but these studies were performed using a small number of infants. We analyzed 148 patients (all less than 24 months, 86 less than 12 months) from various centers in Brazil to determine the predictive power of NG2 within that cohort. We show that NG2 can be used for MLL-r prediction; however, proper staff training and standardized sampling procedures are essential when receiving samples from multiple centers as the accuracy of the prediction varies greatly on a per center basis

Contraposição não oracional com mas

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre dois fenômenos envolvendo pronomes que vêm ocorrendo de maneira concomitante na história do português brasileiro (PB): a realização de objeto direto nulo (ON) de 3ª pessoa e o preenchimento pronominal do sujeito. Realizamos uma pesquisa diacrônica que buscou: (i) verificar se houve aumento de sujeitos pronominais expressos no intervalo de 20 anos em Porto Alegre (RS); (ii) verificar se houve aumento de objetos nulos na retomada anafórica nesse mesmo período, nessa mesma cidade; e (iii) verificar quais traços semântico-discursivos do referente (animacidade, especificidade ou gênero semântico) estão atuando como gatilho para a manifestação do pronome nas ocorrências de sujeito e de objeto direto pronominais. Analisamos dois corpora de língua falada espontânea: o corpus do projeto VARSUL, da década de 1990, e o corpus LinguaPOA, produzido e transcrito entre 2015 e 2018. Também usamos dados do NURC, com base no levantamento de Monteiro (1994). Nossos resultados mostram que houve apenas um leve aumento nas ocorrências de sujeito expresso no período de tempo analisado, o que sinaliza que essa mudança está estável em PB. Da mesma forma, também encontramos apenas um leve aumento de ONs no período, o que parece indicar, igualmente, a estabilização de uma mudança. Com relação ao objetivo (iii), mostramos que a distribuição de sujeitos nulos vs expressos e de objetos nulos vs pronomes plenos pôde (até certo ponto) ser explicada com a hipótese do gênero semântico do antecedente. Para os casos destoantes, deixamos sugestões para análises futuras

Identical sequence patterns in the ends of exons and introns of human protein-coding genes

Intron splicing is one of the most important steps involved in the maturation process of a pre-mRNA. Although the sequence profiles around the splice sites have been studied extensively, the levels of sequence identity between the exonic sequences preceding the donor sites and the intronic sequences preceding the acceptor sites has not been examined as thoroughly. In this study we investigated identity patterns between the last 15 nucleotides of the exonic sequence preceding the 5' splice site and the intronic sequence preceding the 3' splice site in a set of human protein-coding genes that do not exhibit intron retention. We found that almost 60% of consecutive exons and introns in human protein-coding genes share at least two identical nucleotides at their 3' ends and, on average, the sequence identity length is 2.47 nucleotides. Based on our findings we conclude that the 3' ends of exons and introns tend to have longer identical sequences within a gene than when being taken from different genes. Our results hold even if the pairs are non-consecutive in the transcription order. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.CNPq [382791/2009-6]CNPqMCT/CT-SaudeMCT/CTSaudeDECIT/SCTIE/MSDECIT/SCTIE/MS [577593/2008-0, 312733/2009-7]Swiss Bridge FoundationSwiss Bridge FoundationFundacao do CancerFundacao do CancerINCA/MSINCA/MSAssociacao Beneficente Alzira Denise Hertzog Silva (ABADHS)Associacao Beneficente Alzira Denise Hertzog Silva (ABADHS

Dysregulation of Transcription Factor Networks Unveils Different Pathways in Human Papillomavirus 16-Positive Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) are the most common histological types of cervical cancer (CC). The worse prognosis of ADC cases highlights the need for better molecular characterization regarding differences between these CC types. RNA-Seq analysis of seven SCC and three ADC human papillomavirus 16-positive samples and the comparison with public data from non-tumoral human papillomavirus-negative cervical tissue samples revealed pathways exclusive to each histological type, such as the epithelial maintenance in SCC and the maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) pathway in ADC. The transcriptional regulatory network analysis of cervical SCC samples unveiled a set of six transcription factor (TF) genes with the potential to positively regulate long non-coding RNA genes DSG1-AS1, CALML3-AS1, IGFL2-AS1, and TINCR. Additional analysis revealed a set of MODY TFs regulated in the sequence predicted to be repressed bymiR-96-5p ormiR-28-3p in ADC. These microRNAs were previously described to target LINC02381, which was predicted to be positively regulated by two MODY TFs upregulated in cervical ADC. Therefore, we hypothesize LINC02381might act by decreasing the levels ofmiR-96-5p andmiR-28-3p, promoting the MODY activation in cervical ADC. The novel TF networks here described should be explored for the development of more efficient diagnostic tools