Perspectives on anomaly and event detection in exascale systems

Proceeding of: IEEE 5th International Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud (BigDataSecurity), 27-29 May 2019, Washington, USAThe design and implementation of exascale system is nowadays an important challenge. Such a system is expected to combine HPC with Big Data methods and technologies to allow the execution of scientific workloads which are not tractable at this present time. In this paper we focus on an event and anomaly detection framework which is crucial in giving a global overview of a exascale system (which in turn is necessary for the successful implementation and exploitation of the system). We propose an architecture for such a framework and show how it can be used to handle failures during job execution.This work has received funding from the EC-funded H2020 ASPIDE project (Agreement 801091). This work was supported with hardware resources by the Romanian grant BID (PN-III-P1-PFE-28)

WebPS: A Web-based P System Simulator with Query Facilities

In this paper we present an open-source web-enabled simulator for P sys- tems. We use CLIPS embedded in C, and make the simulator available as a web application, complemented by a query language to specify the results

Noninvasive imaging of the thirteen-lined ground squirrel photoreceptor mosaic.

Ground squirrels are an increasingly important model for studying visual processing, retinal circuitry, and cone photoreceptor function. Here, we demonstrate that the photoreceptor mosaic can be longitudinally imaged noninvasively in the 13-lined ground squirrel (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) using confocal and nonconfocal split-detection adaptive optics scanning ophthalmoscopy using 790 nm light. Photoreceptor density, spacing, and Voronoi analysis are consistent with that of the human cone mosaic. The high imaging success rate and consistent image quality in this study reinforce the ground squirrel as a practical model to aid drug discovery and testing through longitudinal imaging on the cellular scale

Role of the Electrophysiologist in the Treatment of Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy

Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy is a systolic cardiac dysfunction given by prolonged elevated heart rates in patients with incessant or frequent tachyarrhythmias. Arrhythmias associated with tachycardiomyopathy can be either supraventricular (atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, AVNRT, permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia, high rates of atrial pacing) or ventricular (frequent premature ventricular complexes, right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia, LVOT, left ventricular fascicular tachycardia, bundle-branch reentry or high rate of ventricular pacing). Electrophysiological study confirms the clinical diagnosis of tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy, reveals the arrhythmia mechanism and facilitates catheter ablation that results in complete recovery of ventricular function. This chapter has two parts: 1. Theoretical insight into the pathogenesis of tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy, clinical manifestations and therapy. 2. Practical issues: we describe our EP lab’s experience on electrophysiological study and ablation in patients with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy. We will present five cases of ablation: PVCs >30,000/24 h, antidromic tachycardia, 2:1 atrial flutter, persistent atrial fibrillation and RVOT PVCs with nonsustained VT

ICD Electrograms in Patients with Brugada Syndrome

In patients with Brugada syndrome, implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) is the only demonstrated treatment that prevents sudden cardiac death. The progress in ICD technology improved the diagnosis and efficacy of implantable devices in the management and treatment of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF). Recording of electrical events just before and after a delivered or aborted ICD therapy permits a more accurate characterization of the rhythm but also provides information on the electrical events preceding the arrhythmia. This chapter aims to gain insight into the mechanism of initiation and termination of spontaneous VF by analyzing intracardiac electrograms (IEGM) in Brugada patients implanted with ICDs. It has two parts: (1) update on ICD electrograms in Brugada syndrome patients, where we review the medical literature on ICD electrograms and their use for detecting electrical manifestations of Brugada syndrome, and (2) examples of ICD electrograms, from our own database of patients affected by Brugada syndrome

Cardiac Anatomy for the Electrophysiologist with Emphasis on the Left Atrium and Pulmonary Veins

This chapter aims to provide basic anatomical knowledge for the interventional electrophysiologists to understand catheter placement and ablation targets. We begin with the location of the heart inside the mediastinum, position of cardiac chambers, pericardial space and neighboring structures of the heart. We continue with the right atrium and important structures inside it: sinus node, cavotricuspid isthmus, Koch’s triangle and interatrial septum with fossa ovalis. A special part of this chapter is dedicated to the left atrium and pulmonary veins with the venoatrial junction, important structures for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. We finish our description with both ventricles with outflow tracts and the coronary venous system

New directions in mobile, hybrid, and heterogeneous clouds for cyberinfrastructures

With the increasing availability of mobile devices and data generated by end-users, scientific instruments and simulations solving many of our most important scientific and engineering problems require innovative technical solutions. These solutions should provide the whole chain to process data and services from the mobile users to the cloud infrastructure, which must also integrate heterogeneous clouds to provide availability, scalability, and data privacy. This special issue presents the results of particular research works showing advances on mobile, hybrid, and heterogeneous clouds for modern cyberinfrastructures

Heavy Metal Pollutome and Microbial Resistome Reciprocal Interaction and Its Impact on Human and Animal Matrices

The chapter aims to reveal the complex relationships between antibiotic resistance in bacteria and heavy metal pollution at the human/animal interface. The antibiotic resistance is a continuously growing threat for both people and animals. Animals could represent a source for zoonotic microbial contamination of humans as subject for consumption and also as contacts (companion, sports, zoo animals, etc.). Antimicrobial treatments in animals, if uncontrolled or injudicious, could raise antibiotic-resistant strains to be transferred to humans where they can cause even more severe diseases. Moreover, the environment has its own microbiome, including some nonpathogenic but antibiotic-resistant species. Human industrial activities are carried out in certain environments, with particular microbiomes and also where animals bearing antibiotic-resistant bacteria are present. Thus, the degree of pollution with heavy metals, as part of the global pollutants to the environment, could impact on the bacteria and their resistome with severe consequences for inhabitants of the area

Best therapeutic practices in the management of obstetric sepsis

Background. Physiological changes that occur during pregnancy make maternal sepsis a difficult condition to diagnose and treat, still having a fairly high mortality rate. Consequently, an early diagnosis and prompt therapeutic management of sepsis can significantly decrease mortality. The purpose of this study is to review literature data that present current practices in the management of obstetric sepsis. Methods. To collect the data required for the study, we performed a search of published articles in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases related to obstetric sepsis. Research paper articles from the period 2012-2022 were included in the analysis. In addition, 145 articles from the period 2012-2022 were evaluated, with the aim of finding out in which situations the risk of maternal death is higher. Thus, the analysis included a total number of 151 articles, which were divided into two distinct stages. Results. The risk of maternal death is higher among patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), followed by Escherichia coli, genital tract infection, cancer, drug users and in the case of patients with chronic liver disease. Conclusions. After analyzing the data, we found that prompt and focused antibiotic therapy as well as fluid resuscitation are essential to increase the chances of survival of these patients