Talent in the Professional Practice - The Hungarian higher education with a practice based approach, the example of the University of Pecs

The study presents a research carried out among the students of Hungary’s one of the most successful university faculties, at the University of Pécs Faculty of Business and Economics (PTE KTK). The aim of the study is to highlight the expectations of employers and students regarding professional practice. Our results show that the employers do not focus on creativity. By employing a new staff member fast integration, adaptation, diligent and precise work becomes important. Primarily employers want to hire such appropriate person who fits into their own corporate culture. The PTE KTK students have developed emotional intelligence, which allows for better integration.After presenting the results of empirical research we give a brief overview of the Hungarian and Romanian situation of higher education on the basis of criteria for the European Higher Education Area and the Bologna process. Subsequently, we formulate our recommendations, which are primarily based on the experience of professional practice. The system of professional practice serves as a highly effective feedback, and this shows the removal of the conventional belief. Secondly, there is a demand for bipolar system of knowledge and skill-application (that manifested in competence-principle).professional practice; talent management; career management; labor market; requirements; skills of students.

Role of membranes in mammalian stress response : sensing, lipid signals and adaptation

It was suggested that under heat stress the accumulation of denatured proteins alone triggers the expression of heat shock proteins. However, earlier research suggested that during abrupt temperature fluctuations membranes represent the most thermally-sensitive macromolecular structures. The aim of this thesis to confirm experimentally for the membrane sensor theory in mammalian cells and to explore the mechanisms behind membrane lipid structural reorganizations. The main results are as follows: (i) I provide the first evidence that heat-analogous, chemically-induced membrane perturbation of K562 erythroleukemic cells is indeed capable of activating heat shock protein formation at the growth temperature, without causing measurable protein denaturation; (ii) I showed that the membrane fluidizer benzyl alcohol acts as a chaperone-inducer also in B16(F10) melanoma cells. Furthermore, following both alcohol and heat treatments, condensation of ordered plasma membrane domains was detected by fluorescence microscopy; (iii) lipidomic fingerprints revealed that stress achieved either by heat or benzyl alcohol resulted in pronounced and highly specific alterations of membrane lipids in B16(F10) cells. The loss in polyenes with the concomitant increase in saturated lipid species was shown to be a consequence of activation of phospholipases. The accumulation of lipid species with raft-forming properties may explain the condensation of ordered plasma membrane domains detected previously; (iv) with Laurdan two-photon microscopy it was demonstrated that, in contrast to the formation of ordered domains in surface membranes, the molecular disorder is significantly elevated within the internal membranes of cells preexposed to mild heat stress. These results were compared with those obtained by other probes and visualisation methods. It was found that the structurally different probes revealed substantially distinct alterations in membrane heterogeneity. The results highlight that even subtle changes in membrane microstructure may play a role in temperature sensing and thermal cell killing and, therefore, could have potential in treatment of several diseases.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

A Stellar Mass Threshold for Quenching of Field Galaxies

We demonstrate that dwarf galaxies (10^7 < M_stellar < 10^9 Msun) with no active star formation are extremely rare (<0.06%) in the field. Our sample is based on the NASA-Sloan Atlas which is a re-analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 8. We examine the relative number of quenched versus star forming dwarf galaxies, defining quenched galaxies as having no Halpha emission (EW_Halpha < 2 AA) and a strong 4000AA-break. The fraction of quenched dwarf galaxies decreases rapidly with increasing distance from a massive host, leveling off for distances beyond 1.5 Mpc. We define galaxies beyond 1.5 Mpc of a massive host galaxy to be in the field. We demonstrate that there is a stellar mass threshold of M_stellar < 1.0x10^9 Msun below which quenched galaxies do not exist in the field. Below this threshold, we find that none of the 2951 field dwarf galaxies are quenched; all field dwarf galaxies show evidence for recent star formation. Correcting for volume effects, this corresponds to a 1-sigma upper limit on the quenched fraction of 0.06%. In more dense environments, quenched galaxies account for 23% of the dwarf population over the same stellar mass range. The majority of quenched dwarf galaxies (often classified as dwarf elliptical galaxies) are within 2 virial radii of a massive galaxy, and only a few percent of quenched dwarf galaxies exist beyond 4 virial radii. Thus, for galaxies with stellar mass less than 1.0x10^9 Msun, ending star-formation requires the presence of a more massive neighbor, providing a stringent constraint on models of star formation feedback.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted to Ap

Role of membranes in mammalian stress response: sensing, lipid signals and adaptation

It was suggested that under heat stress the accumulation of denatured proteins alone triggers the expression of heat shock proteins. However, earlier research suggested that during abrupt temperature fluctuations membranes represent the most thermally-sensitive macromolecular structures. The aim of this thesis to confirm experimentally for the membrane sensor theory in mammalian cells and to explore the mechanisms behind membrane lipid structural reorganizations. The main results are as follows: (i) I provide the first evidence that heat-analogous, chemically-induced membrane perturbation of K562 erythroleukemic cells is indeed capable of activating heat shock protein formation at the growth temperature, without causing measurable protein denaturation; (ii) I showed that the membrane fluidizer benzyl alcohol acts as a chaperone-inducer also in B16(F10) melanoma cells. Furthermore, following both alcohol and heat treatments, condensation of ordered plasma membrane domains was detected by fluorescence microscopy; (iii) lipidomic fingerprints revealed that stress achieved either by heat or benzyl alcohol resulted in pronounced and highly specific alterations of membrane lipids in B16(F10) cells. The loss in polyenes with the concomitant increase in saturated lipid species was shown to be a consequence of activation of phospholipases. The accumulation of lipid species with raft-forming properties may explain the condensation of ordered plasma membrane domains detected previously; (iv) with Laurdan two-photon microscopy it was demonstrated that, in contrast to the formation of ordered domains in surface membranes, the molecular disorder is significantly elevated within the internal membranes of cells preexposed to mild heat stress. These results were compared with those obtained by other probes and visualisation methods. It was found that the structurally different probes revealed substantially distinct alterations in membrane heterogeneity. The results highlight that even subtle changes in membrane microstructure may play a role in temperature sensing and thermal cell killing and, therefore, could have potential in treatment of several diseases

Relationship between Hubble type and spectroscopic class in local galaxies

We compare the Hubble type and the spectroscopic class of the galaxies with spectra in SDSS/DR7. As it is long known, elliptical galaxies tend to be red whereas spiral galaxies tend to be blue, however, this relationship presents a large scatter, which we measure and quantify in detail. We compare the Automatic Spectroscopic K-means based classification (ASK) with most of the commonly used morphological classifications. All of them provide consistent results. Given a spectral class, the morphological type wavers with a standard deviation between 2 and 3 T types, and the same large dispersion characterizes the variability of spectral classes fixed the morphological type. The distributions of Hubble types given an ASK class are very skewed -- they present long tails that go to the late morphological types for the red galaxies, and to the early morphological types for the blue spectroscopic classes. The scatter is not produced by problems in the classification, and it remains when particular subsets are considered. A considerable fraction of the red galaxies are spirals (40--60 %), but they never present very late Hubble types (Sd or later). Even though red spectra are not associated with ellipticals, most ellipticals do have red spectra: 97 % of the ellipticals in the morphological catalog by Nair & Abraham, used here for reference, belong to ASK 0, 2 or 3. It contains only a 3 % of blue ellipticals. The galaxies in the green valley class (ASK~5) are mostly spirals, and the AGN class (ASK 6) presents a large scatter of Hubble types from E to Sd. From redshift 0.25 to now the galaxies redden from ASK 2 to ASK 0, as expected from the passive evolution of their stellar populations. Two of the ASK classes (1 and 4) gather edge-on spirals, a property of interest in studies requiring knowing the intrinsic shape of a galaxy (e.g., weak lensing calibration).Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 16 pages. 12 Figs. 2 summary table

Shaping the galaxy stellar mass function with supernova- and AGN-driven winds

Cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation in representative regions of the Universe typically need to resort to subresolution models to follow some of the feedback processes crucial for galaxy formation. Here, we show that an energy-driven outflow model in which the wind velocity decreases and the wind mass loading increases in low-mass galaxies, as suggested by observations, can produce a good match to the low-mass end of the observed galaxy stellar mass function. The high-mass end can be recovered simultaneously if feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) and a correction for diffuse stellar light plausibly missed in observations are included. At the same time, our model is in good agreement with the stellar mass functions at redshifts z=1 and z=2, and with the observed redshift evolution of the cosmic star formation rate density. In addition, it accurately reproduces the observed gas to stellar mass ratios and specific star formation rates of galaxies as a function of their stellar mass. This agreement with a diverse set of data marks significant progress in hydrodynamically modelling the formation of a representative galaxy population. It also suggests that the mass flux in real galactic winds should strongly increase towards low-mass galaxies. Without this assumption, an overproduction of galaxies at the faint-end of the galaxy luminosity function seems inevitable in our models.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, submitted to MNRA

The autotaxin-LPA2 GPCR axis is modulated by γ-irradiation and facilitates DNA damage repair

In this study we characterized the effects of radiation injury on the expression and function of the autotaxin (ATX)-LPA2 GPCR axis. In IEC-6 crypt cells and jejunum enteroids quantitative RT-PCR showed a time- and dose-dependent upregulation of lpa2 in response to γ-irradiation that was abolished by mutation of the NF-κB site in the lpa2 promoter or by inhibition of ATM/ATR kinases with CGK-733, suggesting that lpa2 is a DNA damage response gene upregulated by ATM via NF-κB. The resolution kinetics of the DNA damage marker γ-H2AX in LPA-treated IEC-6 cells exposed to γ-irradiation was accelerated compared to vehicle, whereas pharmacological inhibition of LPA2 delayed the resolution of γ-H2AX. In LPA2-reconstituted MEF cells lacking LPA1&3 the levels of γ-H2AX decreased rapidly, whereas in Vector MEF were high and remained sustained. Inhibition of ERK1&2 or PI3K/AKT signaling axis by pertussis toxin or the C311A/C314A/L351A mutation in the C-terminus of LPA2 abrogated the effect of LPA on DNA repair. LPA2 transcripts in Lin(-)Sca-1(+)c-Kit(+) enriched for bone marrow stem cells were 27- and 5-fold higher than in common myeloid or lymphoid progenitors, respectively. Furthermore, after irradiation higher residual γ-H2AX levels were detected in the bone marrow or jejunum of irradiated LPA2-KO mice compared to WT mice. We found that γ-irradiation increases plasma ATX activity and LPA level that is in part due to the previously established radiation-induced upregulation of TNFα. These findings identify ATX and LPA2 as radiation-regulated genes that appear to play a physiological role in DNA repair