Analytic, Non-Perturbative, Gauge-invariant QCD: Nucleon Scattering and Binding Potentials

Removal of the quenched approximation in the mechanism which produced an analytic estimate of quark-binding potentials, along with a reasonable conjecture of the color structure of the nucleon formed by such a binding potential, is shown to generate an effective, nucleon scattering and binding potential. The mass-scale factor on the order of the pion mass, previously introduced to define transverse imprecision of quark coordinates, is again used, while the strength of the potential is proportional to the square of a renormalized QCD coupling constant. The potential so derived does not include corrections due to spin, angular momentum, nucleon structure, and electroweak interactions; rather, it is qualitative in nature, showing how Nuclear Physics can arise from fundamental QCD.Comment: 25 pages, 3 figures in REVTeX. The fifth of a series on Non-Perturbative QCD (Eur. Phys. J. C65, 395 (2010) or arXiv:0903.2644 [hep-th], arXiv:1003.2936 [hep-th], arXiv:1103.4179 [hep-th] and arXiv:1104.4663 [hep-th].

SARS-COV-2 Pandemic for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Peripheral Arterial Disease: Impact of Interruption to Access According to Gender in a Single Center Experience

Background: This retrospective study aims to evaluate the impact of interrupted services for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients and especially women in a single north-eastern Italian center over a period of 3 months prior to the pandemic, during the first (2020) and the second (2021) wave of contagion in northern Italy. Methods: Patients with PAD at Rutherford stages 3 to 6 that required revascularization between March 2019 and March 2021 were classified into 3 groups, according to the period of treatment: the prepandemic period, the pandemic-20 period, and the pandemic-21 period. Results: Twenty-eight patients were treated in the prepandemic period, 21 in the pandemic-20 period, and 39 in the pandemic-21 period. It was observed that in the both pandemic periods patients presented with more severe stages of limb ischemia, Rutherford 5 and 6 stages. During pandemic-20, patients underwent mostly open surgery, followed by hybrid procedures. No differences were observed between the 3 groups in major amputations, length of hospital stay, type of discharge, limb salvage and mortality. During long-term follow-up, limb salvage appeared to be significantly better in the pandemic-21 group. The gender analysis revealed a significantly reduced female proportion of overall treated patients in 2020 and 2021 compared to the prepandemic period. In the pandemic-20 this difference appears even more evident since treatments on females represented 19% of the total while in the same period of the previous year the male/female percentage was comparable (54% vs. 46%). The women admitted presented higher stages of disease and tended to have a longer hospital stay than men. At 12-month follow-up, limb salvage was similar between the 2 genders but was slightly worse in women. Conclusions: An efficient reorganization of the vascular surgery services during the pandemic period guaranteed the quality and standard of treatment offered in the preceding periods. Among patients suffering from PAD the impact of the pandemic was greater for the female gender. It is therefore important that in addition to a reorganization of hospital services to provide adequate care for patients with ACOP in the pandemic period, greater information and awareness of women

Thermal quark production in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions

We calculate thermal production of u, d, s, c and b quarks in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. The following processes are taken into account: thermal gluon decay (g to ibar i), gluon fusion (g g to ibar i), and quark-antiquark annihilation (jbar j to ibar i), where i and j represent quark species. We use the thermal quark masses, $m_i^2(T)\simeq m_i^2 + (2g^2/9)T^2$, in all the rates. At small mass ($m_i(T)<2T$), the production is largely dominated by the thermal gluon decay channel. We obtain numerical and analytic solutions of one-dimensional hydrodynamic expansion of an initially pure glue plasma. Our results show that even in a quite optimistic scenario, all quarks are far from chemical equilibrium throughout the expansion. Thermal production of light quarks (u, d and s) is nearly independent of species. Heavy quark (c and b) production is quite independent of the transition temperature and could serve as a very good probe of the initial temperature. Thermal quark production measurements could also be used to determine the gluon damping rate, or equivalently the magnetic mass.Comment: 14 pages (latex) plus 6 figures (uuencoded postscript files); CERN-TH.7038/9

From 3,4-dinitrothiophene to nitrocyclopropanes and 1,1'-dinitro-1,1'-bi(cyclopropyl) compounds

Treatment of (E,E)-1,4-diaryl-2,3-dinitro-1,3-butadienes (I) with diazomethane in Et2O or THF represents a facile and high-yielding route to 2,2'-diaryl-1,1'-dinitro-1,1'-bi(cyclopropyl)s. The process exclusively produces diastereomeric mixts. of a chiral d,l pair and a meso form, the relative percentages of which depend on the aryl moiety, consistently with a concerted syn-stereoselective cyclopropanation of each double bond. With 1 mol-equiv of CH2N2, the cyclopropanation can effectively be limited to one double bond of the starting dinitrobutadiene, thus allowing a synthetically useful differentiation between the two originally conjugated nitrovinyl moieties. As verified with model derivs., the resulting vinylcyclopropanes can be cyclopropanated with excess diazomethane to give the same diastereomeric mixts. as obtained by direct bis(cyclopropanation) of I

Comments on two papers by Kapusta and Wong

We critically examine recently published results on the thermal production of massive vector bosons in a quark-gluon plasma. We claim the production rate is a collinear safe observable.Comment: 6 pages LATEX documen

New Histamine-Related Five-Membered N-Heterocycle Derivatives as Carbonic Anhydrase I Activators

A series of histamine (HST)-related compounds were synthesized and tested for their activating properties on five physiologically relevant human Carbonic Anhydrase (hCA) isoforms (I, II, Va, VII and XIII). The imidazole ring of HST was replaced with different 5-membered heterocycles and the length of the aliphatic chain was varied. For the most interesting compounds some modifications on the terminal amino group were also performed. The most sensitive isoform to activation was hCA I (K(A) values in the low micromolar range), but surprisingly none of the new compounds displayed activity on hCA II. Some derivatives (1, 3a and 22) displayed an interesting selectivity for activating hCA I over hCA II, Va, VII and XIII

Dileptons from hot heavy static photons

We compute the production rate of lepton pair by static photons at finite temperature at two-loop order. We treat the infrared region of the gluon phase space carefully by using a hard thermal loop gluon propagator. The result is free of infrared and collinear divergences and exhibits an enhancement which produces a result of order $\sim e^2 g^3$ instead of $\sim e^2 g^4$ as would be expected from ordinary perturbation theory.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figure