Using Digital Communication Technologies to Record a Student’s Thinking During the Solving of Physics Problems

The question addressed in this project aims to develop strategies to record student thinking while solving physics problems. Literature pointed to the benefits of conversation as a form of assessment and strategies for developing good physics problems. The project demonstrates two different ways to implement the recording strategy and develops ways to assess these recordings. A slide presentation is developed for use in workshops with other physics teachers demonstrating how to put the strategies into place. Future research might involve quantitative measurement of the effects of these strategies in physics classrooms

Sustainability for Whom? Place-makers of Detroit, Dominica, Ecuador, and Mexico

Drawing from more than a decade of work with farmers in rural and urban areas across the Americas, Professor Gaalaas Mullaney highlights some key findings about how small-scale farmers have a big influence on the conservation of cultural and ecological richness in their region. In each of these diverse places, innovative farmers work at the margins of dominant political and economic institutions with only occasional recognition of the value that they produce. What can these farmers teach us about how to cultivate place-based sustainability? How is sustainability related to social and economic justice

Countertopographies of Agriculture: Gender, Food Production, and Development in a Globalizing World

This paper examines the potential of geographic analysis to empower rural women through development policy. Women have remained at the margins of agricultural policy in spite of decades of research documenting their importance in maintaining food security and crop diversity, and continued national and international efforts at gender mainstreaming. Existing approaches to gender analysis are inadequate in dealing with global social and institutional structures that gender mainstreaming seeks to transform. A ‘countertopographic’ methodology, developed by geographers to trace structural similarities between different places is used to analyze the dynamic connections between gender, food production, and development. Through the juxtaposition of rural women’s experiences in four distinct agricultural settings, this paper demonstrates how inequality and inequity in different locales are the result of broad-scale political and economic change. A geographic framework may be more suitable to recognize and address the disempowerment of rural women in a globalizing world

Levels and networks in community partnerships: A framework informed by our overseas partners

The literature defines successful university-community partnerships as those that are long-term, deep, and multi-dimensional. Our findings, on the contrary, suggest that partnership success can occur at all levels of intensity. Lower-intensity partnerships often contribute crucially to the overall success of the community engagement project, and function as necessary support scaffolding for higher-level partnerships. Relatively few studies have sought to understand university-community partnerships from the perspectives of community partners, so we draw evidence from interviews with our partners in the Eastern Caribbean country of Dominica. We believe instructors can increase the success of their off-campus teaching by deploying our conceptualization of partnership levels and scaffolding

Survey of recommended referral patterns for incidental maxillary sinus and airway findings on CBCT analysis in an orthodontic population.

University of Minnesota M.S. thesis. July 2017. Major: Dentistry. Advisor: Brent Larson. 1 computer file (PDF); v, 118 pages.Introduction: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an increasingly more common form of radiography, and dental professionals are obligated to manage all incidental findings identified on scans. Clarification of standards for management of CBCT findings would help the practitioner, especially for findings of the airway and sinuses. Aims: The primary aim was to evaluate recommendations of otolaryngologists to dentists for follow up of sinus and airway findings identified on CBCT analysis. The secondary aim was to report on prevalence of maxillary sinus and airway findings on CBCT analysis in an orthodontic population. Methods: A survey with CBCT images of 22 sinus and airway findings was submitted to otolaryngologists (n = 269) for review, and de-identified CBCT reports of orthodontic patients were reviewed to evaluate the prevalence of sinus and airway findings. Frequencies were calculated for responses and findings. Results: Thirty-six otolaryngologists participated in the survey. The most commonly recommended actions were to 1) immediately refer the patient to an otolaryngologist, and 2) ask additional questions regarding sinonasal symptoms before referring. In the orthodontic population studied, a total of 53.8% patients had maxillary sinus or airway findings listed on CBCT scan reports. The most commonly reported finding was mucosal thickening. Conclusions: Incidental maxillary sinus and airway findings are commonly found on CBCT scans. When such findings are identified on CBCT analysis, otolaryngologists generally recommend evaluating the patient for symptoms, and referring the patient to an otolaryngologist for follow up. For findings that are variants of normal, the recommendation is to not refer the patient for follow up unless they are positive for sinonasal symptoms. For findings that demonstrate inflammatory conditions, the recommendation is to refer the patient for follow up, especially if they have sinonasal symptoms. For findings with changes in the bony wall of the sinuses, the recommendation is to immediately refer the patient to the otolaryngologist for follow up. Consultation with an oral and maxillofacial radiologist or otolaryngologist is recommended to best manage incidental sinus and airway findings present on CBCT scans

Ex Vivo Evaluation of New 2D and 3D Dental Imaging Technology for Detecting Caries

Proximal dental caries remains a prevalent disease with only modest detection rates by current diagnostic systems. X-ray radiography represents the most common and successful means of diagnosing early dental caries lesions, however; many new systems are available without controlled validation of diagnostic efficacy. This study evaluated the caries detection of three new dental radiographic imaging technologies: an intraoral digital detector employing an advanced sharpening filter, an extraoral "panoramic bitewing" imaging unit, and a cone beam-CT system with advanced artifact reduction. An ex vivo study design using extracted human teeth, expert observer ratings, and micro-CT ground truth analysis was employed. All modalities performed similarly in overall diagnostic accuracy yet differences were noted in selected system sensitivities and specificities. The CBCT system demonstrated the best assessment of lesion depth and lesion cavitation. Incorporating hydroxyapatite calibration phantoms allowed assessment of imaging consistency, linearity, and contrast resolution.Master of Scienc

Overgangen barnehage-skole. Hva vektlegges siste året i barnehagen?

SAMMENDRAG Denne masteroppgaven i tilpasset opplæring handler i hovedsak om barna som skal begynne på skolen, og hvordan barnehagen tilpasser det siste året for dem i lys av å skape sammenheng i overgangen til skole og SFO. Problemstillingen i forskningsprosjektet er følgende: Hvordan får førende planer for overgangen mellom barnehage og skole frem målet om en praksis som er best mulig for barna? Oppgaven er løst med en kvalitativ tilnærming der dokumentanalyse av kommunale planer og svar fra barnehagelærere gjennom en spørreskjemaundersøkelse danner grunnlaget for funn til drøftingen. Sammen gir de to undersøkelsene indikasjoner på at overgangspraksiser fra barnehagen side vektlegger at barnet skal oppleve sammenheng i overgangen gjennom kontinuitet, relasjoner og hensyn til barnets behov. Det avdekkes også et behov for et nærmere samarbeid mellom institusjonene hvis disse sammen skal utvikle arbeidsmetoder som gir et helhetlig opplæringstilbud med vekt på barnas deltakelse. Barnehagens kunnskap og erfaring med lekbasert læring bør overføres til skolens lærere. Det teoretiske perspektivet som er brukt i oppgaven er Bronfenbrenners utviklingsøkologiske modell. Hans teorier er ofte benyttet i forhold til overgangen mellom barnehage og skole (Hogsnes, 2019). Livsmestring er blitt et begrep som framheves i både rammeplan og læreplanverk. Hvordan barnet selv opplever at det er sammenheng kan være av stor betydning for deres utvikling. Barnehage og skole har en plikt til å samarbeide for å skape en god overgang, dette er hjemlet i lovverket. SFO skal bidra i dette viktige arbeidet. Denne oppgaven er skrevet med tanke på dem som jobber med de eldste barna i barnehagen- men ikke minst for oss i skolen. Hvordan kan vi sammen, i større grad, skape sammenheng og trygghet for barna i overgangen mellom barnehagelivet og skolelivet? Skal barn oppleve å mestre, er det viktig at hverdagen henger sammen, og det kan vi i barnehage, skole og SFO hjelpe dem med i enda større grad om vi får til et samarbeid som går utover de vanlige rutinene vi allerede har.ABSTRACT This master's thesis in adaptive education is mainly about the children who are going to start school, and how the kindergarten adapts the last year for them in light of creating coherence in the transition to school and SFO. The research question in the research project is as follows: How do leading plans for the transition between kindergarten and school convey the goal of a practice that is best possible for the children? The task is solved with a qualitative approach where document analysis of municipal plans and responses from kindergarten teachers through a questionnaire survey form the basis for findings for the discussion. Together, the two studies indicate that transitional practices from the kindergarten side emphasize that the child should experience coherence in the transition through continuity, relationships and consideration for the child's needs. It also identifies a need for closer cooperation between the institutions if they are to jointly develop working methods that provide a comprehensive education program with emphasis on children's participation. The kindergarten's knowledge and experience with play-based learning should be transferred to the school's teachers. The theoretical perspective used in the thesis is Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development. His theories are often used in relation to the transition between kindergarten and school (Hogsnes, 2019). Life coping has become a concept that is emphasized in both the curriculum and curriculum. How the child perceives that there is coherence can be of great importance for their development. Kindergartens and schools have a duty to cooperate to create a good transition, this is authorised by law. SFO will contribute to this important work. This assignment is written with those who work with the oldest children in kindergarten in mind - but not least for us in school. How can we together, to a greater extent, create coherence and security for children in the transition between kindergarten life and school life? If children are to experience mastery, it is important that everyday life is connected, and we in kindergartens, schools and after-school centres can help them with this to an even greater extent if we achieve cooperation that goes beyond the normal routines we already have

The MHD Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability II: The Roles of Weak and Oblique Fields in Planar Flows

We have carried out high resolution MHD simulations of the nonlinear evolution of Kelvin-Helmholtz unstable flows in 2 1/2 dimensions. The modeled flows and fields were initially uniform except for a thin shear layer with a hyperbolic tangent velocity profile and a small, normal mode perturbation. The calculations consider periodic sections of flows containing magnetic fields parallel to the shear layer, but projecting over a full range of angles with respect to the flow vectors. They are intended as preparation for fully 3D calculations and to address two specific questions raised in earlier work: 1) What role, if any, does the orientation of the field play in nonlinear evolution of the MHD Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in 2 1/2 D. 2) Given that the field is too weak to stabilize against a linear perturbation of the flow, how does the nonlinear evolution of the instability depend on strength of the field. The magnetic field component in the third direction contributes only through minor pressure contributions, so the flows are essentially 2D. Even a very weak field can significantly enhance the rate of energy dissipation. In all of the cases we studied magnetic field amplification by stretching in the vortex is limited by tearing mode, ``fast'' reconnection events that isolate and then destroy magnetic flux islands within the vortex and relax the fields outside the vortex. If the magnetic tension developed prior to reconnection is comparable to Reynolds stresses in the flow, that flow is reorganized during reconnection. Otherwise, the primary influence on the plasma is generation of entropy. The effective expulsion of flux from the vortex is very similar to that shown by Weiss for passive fields in idealized vortices with large magnetic Reynolds numbers. We demonstrated that thisComment: 23 pages of ApJ Latex (aaspp4.sty) with 10 figures, high resolution postscript images for figs 4-9 available through anonymous at ftp://ftp.msi.umn.edu/pub/twj To appear in the June 10, 1997 Ap