Re-theorizing the “Structure–Agency” Relationship: Figurational Theory, Organizational Change and the Gaelic Athletic Association

This article illustrates how the figurational sociology associated with Norbert Elias provides an alternative theoretical framework for explaining the relationship between, ‘individualorganization- society’ and organizational change, and in so doing transverses what is conceived as a false dichotomy between structure and agency. Through an historical case study of the Gaelic Athletic Association in Ireland, the ‘individual-organization-society’ relationship is conceptualized as overlapping figurations and organizational change is explained as figurational dynamics—the shifting social interdependencies between the individuals and groups comprising an organization, between that organization and other organizations, between social groups on a higher level of integration and competition. In tandem with this, the article illustrates how changes in the sources of power and identity are connected with these figurational dynamics

Successful mycophenolate mofetil therapy in nine patients with idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis

Objective. To assess the therapeutic benefit of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in retroperitoneal fibrosis (RF). Methods. MMF 2 g/day and prednisone 1 mg/kg were initiated in nine patients with radiological (9/9) and histological verification (2/9) of idiopathic RF. Out of nine patients, seven needed bilateral ureteral stenting due to extensive hydronephrosis. Results. All patients experienced regression of radiological extension. Out of seven patients, five were free of ureteral catheters after a mean of 5.6 months and two remained on stenting due to secondary stenosis. Within 6 months mean creatinine and CRP fell from 2.5 to 1.2 mg/dl and from 4.0 to 1.4 mg/dl, respectively. MMF was discontinued after a mean of 27 months. Prednisone was tapered to zero after a mean of 7 months. Side-effects were urinary tract infections in 7/9 patients and impaired glucose tolerance in 3/9. No recurrence occurred after withdrawal of glucocorticoids and MMF in 7/9 patients after a mean overall follow-up of 55 months (range 12-120). Conclusions. Treatment with MMF and glucocorticoids was successful in inducing partial or complete and lasting remission in RF. The results suggest the use of MMF as additional immunosuppressive optio

Breath-hold MR cholangiopancreatography with three-dimensional, segmented, echo-planar imaging and volume rendering

End-expiration, 21-second breath-hold, three-dimensional magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) was developed with segmented echo-planar imaging. In 15 healthy subjects and 14 randomly selected patients undergoing liver studies, three-dimensional MRCP images were obtained and volume rendered. In 15 (100%) healthy subjects and 13 (93%) patients, clear depiction of biliary, hepatic, and pancreatic ducts (with lumen diameter of at least 2 mm) was possible with good signal-to-noise ratio

Infected Necrosis in Severe Pancreatitis - Combined Nonsurgical Multi-Drainage with Directed Transabdominal High-Volume Lavage in Critically Ill Patients

Background: Infection of pancreatic necrosis is a life-threatening complication during the course of acute pancreatitis. In critically ill patients, surgical or extended endoscopic interventions are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Minimally invasive procedures on the other hand are often insufficient in patients suffering from large necrotic areas containing solid or purulent material. We present a strategy combining percutaneous and transgastric drainage with continuous high-volume lavage for treatment of extended necroses and liquid collections in a series of patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Patients and Methods: Seven consecutive patients with severe acute pancreatitis and large confluent infected pancreatic necrosis were enrolled. In all cases, the first therapeutic procedure was placement of a CT-guided drainage catheter into the fluid collection surrounding peripancreatic necrosis. Thereafter, a second endosonographically guided drainage was inserted via the gastric or the duodenal wall. After communication between the separate drains had been proven, an external to internal directed high-volume lavage with a daily volume of 500 ml up to 2,000 ml was started. Results: In all patients, pancreatic necrosis/liquid collections could be resolved completely by the presented regime. No patient died in the course of our study. After initiation of the directed high-volume lavage, there was a significant clinical improvement in all patients. Double drainage was performed for a median of 101 days, high-volume lavage for a median of 41 days. Several endoscopic interventions for stent replacement were required (median 8). Complications such as bleeding or perforation could be managed endoscopically, and no subsequent surgical therapy was necessary. All patients could be dismissed from the hospital after a median duration of 78 days. Conclusion: This approach of combined percutaneous/endoscopic drainage with high-volume lavage shows promising results in critically ill patients with extended infected pancreatic necrosis and high risk of surgical intervention. Neither surgical nor endoscopic necrosectomy was necessary in any of our patients. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel and IA

Splenic artery embolization in a woman with bleeding gastric varices and splenic vein thrombosis: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Gastric variceal bleeding due to splenic vein thrombosis is a life-threatening situation and is often difficult to manage by endoscopy. In the worst cases, an emergency splenectomy may be required to stop variceal bleeding.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report the case of a 60-year-old Caucasian woman with bleeding gastric varices secondary to splenic vein thrombosis treated by splenic artery embolization. Successful embolization was performed by depositing coils into the splenic artery resulting in cessation of variceal bleeding. After embolization there was no recurrence of bleeding.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Splenic artery embolization can be an effective and definite treatment for variceal bleeding secondary to splenic vein thrombosis.</p

"Don't try to teach me, I got nothing to learn": Management students' perceptions of business ethics teaching

[EN] Interest is growing towards including business ethics in university curricula, aiming at improving ethical behaviour of future managers. Extant literature has investigated the impact of ethics education on different ethics-related students' cognitive and/or behavioural outcomes, considering variables related to training programmes and students' demographic aspects. Accordingly, we aim at assessing students' understanding of business ethics issues, by focusing on the differences in students' perceptions depending on gender, age, work experience, and ethics courses taken. Testing our hypotheses on a sample of 307 management students at a Polish university, and controlling for social desirability bias, we obtained mixed and partially surprising results. We found significant differences in students' understanding of business ethics depending on their gender and age (female and older students showed more ethical inclinations), but not depending on having taken ethics courses-actually perceptions of such courses worsened after taking them. Besides, work experience was not a significant variable. Moreover, course exposure intensiveness (i.e., number of ethics courses completed), and time passed since completion of the latest course, did not confirm hypothesized effects on most of the dependent (sub)variables. These findings stimulate further questions and challenges for future research (e.g., around course design and methodology, and social/cultural/contextual issues).Tormo-Carbó, G.; Oltra, V.; Klimkiewicz, K.; Seguí-Mas, E. (2019). "Don't try to teach me, I got nothing to learn": Management students' perceptions of business ethics teaching. 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K., & Karri, R. (2005). Exposure to Ethics Education and the Perception of Linkage between Organizational Ethical Behavior and Business Outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 61(4), 353-368. doi:10.1007/s10551-005-1548-7Macfarlane, B., & Ottewill, R. (2004). Business Ethics in the Curriculum: Assessing the Evidence from U.K. Subject Review. Journal of Business Ethics, 54(4), 339-347. doi:10.1007/s10551-004-1823-zMaclagan, P., & Campbell, T. (2011). Focusing on individuals’ ethical judgement in corporate social responsibility curricula. Business Ethics: A European Review, 20(4), 392-404. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8608.2011.01634.xMadison, R. L., & Schmidt, J. J. (2006). Survey of Time Devoted to Ethics in Accountancy Programs in North American Colleges and Universities. Issues in Accounting Education, 21(2), 99-109. doi:10.2308/iace.2006.21.2.99Malinowski, C., & Berger, K. A. (1996). Undergraduate student attitudes about hypothetical marketing dilemmas. 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E., Watts, L. L., Mulhearn, T. J., Steele, L. M., Mumford, M. D., & Connelly, S. (2017). What is Working, What is Not, and What We Need to Know: a Meta-Analytic Review of Business Ethics Instruction. Journal of Academic Ethics, 15(3), 245-275. doi:10.1007/s10805-017-9281-2Nguyen, N. T., & Biderman, M. D. (2008). Studying Ethical Judgments and Behavioral Intentions Using Structural Equations: Evidence from the Multidimensional Ethics Scale*. Journal of Business Ethics, 83(4), 627-640. doi:10.1007/s10551-007-9644-5O’Fallon, M. J., & Butterfield, K. D. (2005). A Review of The Empirical Ethical Decision-Making Literature: 1996–2003. Journal of Business Ethics, 59(4), 375-413. doi:10.1007/s10551-005-2929-7Pan, Y., & Sparks, J. R. (2012). Predictors, consequence, and measurement of ethical judgments: Review and meta-analysis. Journal of Business Research, 65(1), 84-91. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.02.002Peppas, S. C., & Diskin, B. A. (2001). 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Community and School-Based Health Education for Dengue Control in Rural Cambodia: A Process Evaluation

Dengue fever continues to be a major public health problem in Cambodia, with significant impact on children. Health education is a major means for prevention and control of the National Dengue Control Program (NDCP), and is delivered to communities and in schools. Drawing on data collected in 2003–2004 as part of an ethnographic study conducted in eastern Cambodia, we explore the approaches used in health education and their effectiveness to control dengue. Community health education is provided through health centre outreach activities and campaigns of the NDCP, but is not systematically evaluated, is under-funded and delivered irregularly; school-based education is restricted in terms of time and lacks follow-up in terms of practical activities for prevention and control. As a result, adherence is partial. We suggest the need for sustained routine education for dengue prevention and control, and the need for approaches to ensure the translation of knowledge into practice

Sequential inverse dysregulation of the RNA helicases DDX3X and DDX3Y facilitates MYC-driven lymphomagenesis

Summary DDX3X is a ubiquitously expressed RNA helicase involved in multiple stages of RNA biogenesis. DDX3X is frequently mutated in Burkitt lymphoma, but the functional basis for this is unknown. Here, we show that loss-of-function DDX3X mutations are also enriched in MYC-translocated diffuse large B cell lymphoma and reveal functional cooperation between mutant DDX3X and MYC. DDX3X promotes the translation of mRNA encoding components of the core translational machinery, thereby driving global protein synthesis. Loss-of-function DDX3X mutations moderate MYC-driven global protein synthesis, thereby buffering MYC-induced proteotoxic stress during early lymphomagenesis. Established lymphoma cells restore full protein synthetic capacity by aberrant expression of DDX3Y, a Y chromosome homolog, the expression of which is normally restricted to the testis. These findings show that DDX3X loss of function can buffer MYC-driven proteotoxic stress and highlight the capacity of male B cell lymphomas to then compensate for this loss by ectopic DDX3Y expression

Response to sunitinib in combination with proton beam radiation in a patient with chondrosarcoma: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Chondrosarcoma is well-known to be primarily resistant to conventional radiation and chemotherapy.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We present the case of a 32-year-old Caucasian man with clear cell chondrosarcoma who presented with symptomatic recurrence in his pelvis and metastases to his skull and lungs. Our patient underwent systemic therapy with sunitinib and then consolidation with proton beam radiation to his symptomatic site. He achieved complete symptomatic relief with a significantly improved performance status and had an almost complete and durable metabolic response on fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our findings have important clinical implications and suggest novel clinical trials for this difficult to treat disease.</p