The bacteriology of asymptomatic urinary tract infections among contraceptive users in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Background: Contraceptive usage has been known to predispose to urinary tract infections(UTI). Unfortunately, there are no known studies on the bacteriology of UTI among contraceptive users in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.  This study was therefore undertaken to determine the microbial isolates and their sensitivity pattern among contraceptive users with asymptomatic bacteriuria with a view to forming the basis for empirical therapy.Methods: A two-part pre-tested questionnaire was used for each recruited subject. The data retrieved from the questionnaires were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 14. Tables were constructed for the presentation of the results.Results: One hundred and fifty (6.52%) contraceptive users were identified within the study period. Their age ranged from 18-50 years with a mean age of 27.8 ±5.3 years. Majority of the patients 63 (42%) belonged to the 21-30 years age-group. UTI was found in 35.3% of contraceptive users.  The four different uropathogens isolated included E.coli (41.51%), Kleb spp (24.53%), Proteus spp (20.75%) and Staph saprophyticus. The most effective antibiotics were nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, sparfloxacin and cefuroxime. Sensitivity to tetracycline, cotrimoxazole and streptomycin was poor.Conclusion: The commonest organisms causing ASB among contraceptive users were mainly E.coli, Staph saprophyticus, Proteus spp and Kleb spp. The most effective antibiotics were nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, sparfloxacin and cefuroxime. Sensitivity to tetracycline, cotrimoxazole and streptomycin was poor. Similar to those found in patients generally. There was high sensitivity to Nitrofurantoin, Gentamicin, Sparfloxacin and Cefuroxime

Use of mosquito bed nets by mothers: Prevalence and sources of the various types in a rural health centre in Rivers state, Nigeria

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Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the General Out Patient Clinic of a Teaching Hospital In South South Nigeria.

Introduction: The global increase in the prevalence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes has brought asymptomatic bacteriuria, one of its complications to the fore. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients with type 2 diabetes, identify the bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in the general out-patient clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study in which the subjects were recruited using a simple random sampling technique. The microbes were identified and antibiotic susceptibility testing carried out using standard techniques. The degree of association of ASB with sex, age and educational status was determined using the chi square test. Statistical significance was set at 95% confidence level or at p-value of less than 0.05 (p-value is < 0.05).Results: A total of 300 patients with type 2 diabetes consisting of 168 females (56%) and 132 males (44%) were recruited. Their age range was from 33-75years with a mean of 55.5 ±8.2years. The prevalence of ASB was 25%. In this study age, gender and educational status were significantly associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria (p< 0.05). Klebsiella spp was the commonest microbial isolate sensitive to mainly nitrofurantoin and ofloxacin. Resistance to amoxicillin, tetracycline and cotrimoxazole was very high.Conclusion: ASB is prevalent among patients with type 2 diabetes in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. The most prevalent organism was Klebsiella spp highly sensitive to nitrofurantoin and ofloxacin.Keywords: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria, Diabetes Mellitus, Bacterial Isolates