Risk factors for high blood pressure in women attending menopause clinics in Italy.

NOTA IMPORTANTE: Autore dello studio è il “Progetto Menopausa Italia Study Group”. Umberto Omodei è Coordinatore Nazionale, membro dello Steering Committee e partecipante al Progetto. La pubblicazione riporta come co-autori l’elenco dei partecipanti suddivisi per incarico specifico. La pubblicazione non viene quindi individuata automaticamente inserendo il nome dell’autore nei motori di ricerca in rete. Il Progetto Menopausa Italia, del quale Umberto Omodei è co-fondatore, è un grande studio epidemiologico che aveva come obiettivo la raccolta di informazioni sulla menopausa e le condizioni cliniche correlate, basato su un network nazionale connesso in rete di 268 Centri per la Menopausa, con circa 1.500 operatori sanitari coinvolti. Il Progetto si è svolto dal 1997 al 2004 ed ha reclutato un campione di circa 130.000 pazienti seguite per oltre 5 anni. Objective: We analysed risk factors for high blood pressure (BP) among women around menopause. Methods: Eligible women were consecutively attending first-level outpatient menopause clinics in Italy for general counseling or treatment of menopausal symptoms. During the visit BP was measured three times. The mean of second and third of the three diastolic BP values for women was >90 mm of mercury and/or reporting any current pharmacological treatment for high BP were considered hypertensive. Out of 45,204 women who entered the study with information on blood pressure, 12,150 had high BP. Results: The odds ratios (OR) of high BP increased with age: in comparison with women aged 12 versus 26. In comparison with women reporting no regular physical activity, the multivariate OR of high BP was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.87–0.99) for women reporting regular activity. In comparison with peri-menopausal women, post-menopausal women were at increased risk (OR 1.14, 95% CI, 1.03–1.24) and the risk tended to increase with age at menopause. Current use of hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) was associated with a lower risk of high BP (OR 0.88, 95% CI, 0.84–0.94). Conclusions: Thislargecross-sectionalstudysuggeststhat,aftertakingintoaccounttheeffectofage,post-menopausalwomen are at greater risk of high BP, but current HRT use slightly lowers the risk. Other determinants of high BP were low level of education, overweight, and low level of physical activity

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes in women attending menopause clinics in Italy: a cross-sectional study.

NOTA IMPORTANTE: Autore dello studio è il “Progetto Menopausa Italia Study Group”. Umberto Omodei è Coordinatore Nazionale, membro dello Steering Committee e partecipante al Progetto. La pubblicazione riporta come co-autori l’elenco dei partecipanti suddivisi per incarico specifico. Il Progetto Menopausa Italia, del quale Umberto Omodei è co-fondatore, è un grande studio epidemiologico che aveva come obiettivo la raccolta di informazioni sulla menopausa e le condizioni cliniche correlate, basato su un network nazionale connesso in rete di 268 Centri per la Menopausa, con circa 1.500 operatori sanitari coinvolti. Il Progetto si è svolto dal 1997 al 2004 ed ha reclutato un campione di circa 130.000 pazienti seguite per oltre 5 anni.. OBJECTIVE: To analyze risk factors for type 2 diabetes among women attending menopause clinics in Italy for counselling about the menopause. SUBJECTS: Women attending a network of first-level outpatient menopause clinics in Italy for general counselling about menopause or treatment of menopausal symptoms. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with no exclusion criteria. Type 2 diabetes was defined according to National Diabetes Data Groups Indications and the fasting blood glucose at an oral glucose tolerance test within the previous year. RESULTS: Out of the 44 694 considered in this analysis, 808 had a diagnosis of diabetes type 2 (1.8%). In comparison with women aged or = 57 years. Type 2 diabetes was less frequently reported in more educated women (OR high school/university vs. primary school = 0.44 (95% CI, 0.36-0.55)). Being overweight was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In comparison with women reporting a low level of physical activity, the multivariate OR of type 2 diabetes was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.54-0.84) for women reporting regular physical activity. In comparison with premenopausal women, the multivariate OR of type 2 diabetes was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.03-1.84) in women with natural menopause. This finding was present also after allowing for the potential confounding effect of age. The multivariate OR of diabetes for users of hormonal replacement therapy was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.46-0.73). CONCLUSIONS: This large cross-sectional study suggests that postmenopausal women are at higher risk of type 2 diabetes after allowance for the effect of age. Other main determinants of risk of type 2 diabetes in women around menopause were low socioeconomic status and being overweight. Diabetes was found less frequently in those taking hormone replacement therapy

Risk factors for type diabetes 2 in women attending menopause clinics in Italy : a cross sectional study

Objective: To analyze risk factors for type 2 diabetes among women attending menopause clinics in Italy for counselling about the menopause. Subjects: Women attending a network of first-level outpatient menopause clinics in Italy for general counselling about menopause or treatment of menopausal symptoms. Methods: Cross-sectional study with no exclusion criteria. Type 2 diabetes was defined according to National Diabetes Data Groups Indications and the fasting blood glucose at an oral glucose tolerance test within the previous year. Results: Out of the 44 694 considered in this analysis, 808 had a diagnosis of diabetes type 2 (1.8%). In comparison with women aged < 50 years, the multivariate odds ratios (OR) of type 2 diabetes were 1.31 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.99-1.74) for women aged 50-52 years, 1.66 (95% CI, 1.27-2.17) at 53-56 years and 2.84 (95% CI, 2.20-3.67) in women aged 65 57 years. Type 2 diabetes was less frequently reported in more educated women (OR high school/university vs. primary school = 0.44 (95% CI, 0.36-0.55)). Being overweight was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In comparison with women reporting a low level of physical activity, the multivariate OR of type 2 diabetes was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.54-0.84) for women reporting regular physical activity. In comparison with premenopausal women, the multivariate OR of type 2 diabetes was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.03-1.84) in women with natural menopause. This finding was present also after allowing for the potential confounding effect of age. The multivariate OR of diabetes for users of hormonal replacement therapy was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.46-0.73). Conclusions: This large cross-sectional study suggests that postmenopausal women are at higher risk of type 2 diabetes after allowance for the effect of age. Other main determinants of risk of type 2 diabetes in women around menopause were low socioeconomic status and being overweight. Diabetes was found less frequently in those taking hormone replacement therapy

Risk factors for clinically diagnosed uterine fibroids in women around menopause.

NOTA IMPORTANTE: Autore dello studio è il “Progetto Menopausa Italia Study Group”. Umberto Omodei è Coordinatore Nazionale, membro dello Steering Committee e partecipante al Progetto. La pubblicazione riporta come co-autori l’elenco dei partecipanti suddivisi per incarico specifico. La pubblicazione non viene quindi individuata automaticamente inserendo il nome dell’autore nei motori di ricerca in rete. Il Progetto Menopausa Italia, del quale Umberto Omodei è co-fondatore, è un grande studio epidemiologico che aveva come obiettivo la raccolta di informazioni sulla menopausa e le condizioni cliniche correlate, basato su un network nazionale connesso in rete di 268 Centri per la Menopausa, con circa 1.500 operatori sanitari coinvolti. Il Progetto si è svolto dal 1997 al 2004 ed ha reclutato un campione di circa 130.000 pazienti seguite per oltre 5 anni. We analysed the risk factors for clinically diagnosed uterine fibroids in women attending menopause clinics in Italy. METHODS: Between 1997 and 2003 we conducted a large cross-sectional study on the characteristics of women around menopause attending a network of first-level outpatient menopause clinics in Italy for general counselling about menopause or treatment of menopausal symptoms. A total of 85,967 non-hysterectomized women not reporting myomectomy entered the study; 2239 had a diagnosis of uterine fibroids. A woman was defined as having uterine fibroids if she had at gynecological examination an enlarged uterus (2 months of gestation or more) and a clinical diagnosis of fibroids. In 769 cases was performed in ultrasound examination which confirmed the diagnosis. RESULTS: In comparison with women with a body mass index (BMI) <22, the multivariate ORs for BMI 26 or more were 1.30 (95% CI, 1.09-1.55) for cases with clinical diagnosis, and 1.29 (95% CI, 1.01-1.45) for women with ultrasonographic diagnosis. In comparison with premenopausal women, the multivariate OR for clinically detected fibroids was 0.63 (95% CI, 0.55-0.72) for post-menopausal ones. The risk of fibroids was lower in parous women than in nulliparous ones, and the risk decreased with number of births regardless the type of diagnosis. CONCLUSION: This study confirms in a large sample that parity is the main protective factor for the development of fibroids. Overweight increases the risk

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes in women attending menopause clinics in Italy: a cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVE: To analyze risk factors for type 2 diabetes among women attending menopause clinics in Italy for counselling about the menopause. SUBJECTS: Women attending a network of first-level outpatient menopause clinics in Italy for general counselling about menopause or treatment of menopausal symptoms. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with no exclusion criteria. Type 2 diabetes was defined according to National Diabetes Data Groups Indications and the fasting blood glucose at an oral glucose tolerance test within the previous year. RESULTS: Out of the 44 694 considered in this analysis, 808 had a diagnosis of diabetes type 2 (1.8%). In comparison with women aged or = 57 years. Type 2 diabetes was less frequently reported in more educated women (OR high school/university vs. primary school = 0.44 (95% CI, 0.36-0.55)). Being overweight was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In comparison with women reporting a low level of physical activity, the multivariate OR of type 2 diabetes was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.54-0.84) for women reporting regular physical activity. In comparison with premenopausal women, the multivariate OR of type 2 diabetes was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.03-1.84) in women with natural menopause. This finding was present also after allowing for the potential confounding effect of age. The multivariate OR of diabetes for users of hormonal replacement therapy was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.46-0.73). CONCLUSIONS: This large cross-sectional study suggests that postmenopausal women are at higher risk of type 2 diabetes after allowance for the effect of age. Other main determinants of risk of type 2 diabetes in women around menopause were low socioeconomic status and being overweight. Diabetes was found less frequently in those taking hormone replacement therapy