The Antimicrobial Activity of Aliquidambar orientalis mill. Against Food Pathogens and Antioxidant Capacity of Leaf Extracts

Background: Medicinal plants are an important source of substances which are claimed to induce antimicrobial, antimutagenic and antioxidanteffects. Many plants have been used due to their antimicrobial treatments. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of L. orientalis have not beenreported to the present day. The aim of this work was to investigate of the antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of different extracts from L.orientalis.Materials and Methods: The extracts were screened for antimicrobial activity against different food pathogens. These bacteria include 4 Grampositive and 3 Gram negative bacteria and one fungi. The leaf extracts of plant were tested by disc diffusion assay. The MIC was evaluated onplant extracts as antimicrobial activity. In addition to, the plant extracts were tested against the stable DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazylhydrate) free-radical.Results: The acetone, ethanol and methanol extracts of L. orientalis showed maximum inhibition zone of 12 mm against Yersinia enterocolitica,Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition to, the methanol extract displayed a strong antioxidant activity (trolox equivalent= 2.23 mM).Conclusion: L. orientalis extracts have antimicrobial, and antioxidant potential. Our results support the use of this plant in traditional medicineand suggest that some of the plant extracts possess compounds with good antibacterial properties that can be used as antibacterial agents in thesearch for new drugs.Key words: Antimicrobial activity; Antioxidant activity; L. orientalis

A comparative study of selected elementary school teachers' and administrators' attitudes toward instructional television programs and related problems

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University of Agriculture and Applied Science. Department of Administrative and Educational Services, 1961Includes bibliographical references (pages 124-125

Compositional changes of major chemical compounds in Greek carob pods during development

Because of the strong association with health benefits of some chemical compounds contained in carob fruit the composition of chemical substances of two common type carob pods (Ceratonia siliqua L.) and their changes during fruit developing in two periods of harvesting were reported. Samples were originated from a site near Rethymno, Crete Island, at an altitude of 100 m above the sea level. The moisture content determined through sample’s drying in 70 oC under vacuum, sugars by HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography), total polyphenols by ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) and fatty acids by gas chromatography (GC) in the fleshy and wild types were determined at three stages of development. Principal sugars found were glucose, fructose and sucrose. The predominant fatty acid was linoleic acid (n-6) followed by oleic, palmitic and then linolenic (n-3) fatty acids. The total unsaturated fatty acids content was two times higher than the content of total saturated fatty acids in fully-developed carob pod. The ratio n-6/n-3 was under 5, showing a good equilibrium between the two essential fatty acids. The fully developed fruits of both varieties revealed lower contents of polyphenols, proteins and sugars compared with their previous growth stages. The fleshy carob pods exceed the wild variety in concentration of proteins, sugars and fatty acids, while the wild variety exceeds the fleshy in polyphenols concentration. KEY WORDS: Carob pods, Ceratonia siliqua L., Fatty acids, Polyphenols, Sugars Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2012, 26(3), 343-351.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v26i3.

THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS MILL. AGAINST FOOD PATHOGENS AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF LEAF EXTRACTS

Background: Medicinal plants are an important source of substances which are claimed to induce antimicrobial, antimutagenic and antioxidant effects. Many plants have been used due to their antimicrobial treatments. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of L. orientalis have not been reported to the present day. The aim of this work was to investigate of the antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of different extracts from L. orientalis. Materials and Methods: The extracts were screened for antimicrobial activity against different food pathogens. These bacteria include 4 Gram positive and 3 Gram negative bacteria and one fungi. The leaf extracts of plant were tested by disc diffusion assay. The MIC was evaluated on plant extracts as antimicrobial activity. In addition to, the plant extracts were tested against the stable DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) free-radical. Results: The acetone, ethanol and methanol extracts of L. orientalis showed maximum inhibition zone of 12 mm against Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition to, the methanol extract displayed a strong antioxidant activity (trolox equivalent = 2.23 mM). Conclusion: L. orientalis extracts have antimicrobial, and antioxidant potential. Our results support the use of this plant in traditional medicine and suggest that some of the plant extracts possess compounds with good antibacterial properties that can be used as antibacterial agents in the search for new drugs

Compositional changes of major chemical compounds in Greek carob pods during development

WOS: 000314400800003Because of the strong association with health benefits of some chemical compounds contained in carob fruit the composition of chemical substances of two common type carob pods (Ceratonia siliqua L.) and their changes during fruit developing in two periods of harvesting were reported. Samples were originated from a site near Rethymno, Crete Island, at an altitude of 100 m above the sea level. The moisture content determined through sample's drying in 70 degrees C under vacuum, sugars by HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography), total polyphenols by ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) and fatty acids by gas chromatography (GC) in the fleshy and wild types were determined at three stages of development. Principal sugars found were glucose, fructose and sucrose. The predominant fatty acid was linoleic acid (n-6) followed by oleic, palmitic and then linolenic (n-3) fatty acids. The total unsaturated fatty acids content was two times higher than the content of total saturated fatty acids in fully-developed carob pod. The ratio n-6/n-3 was under 5, showing a good equilibrium between the two essential fatty acids. The fully developed fruits of both varieties revealed lower contents of polyphenols, proteins and sugars compared with their previous growth stages. The fleshy carob pods exceed the wild variety in concentration of proteins, sugars and fatty acids, while the wild variety exceeds the fleshy in polyphenols concentration

Effect of a high fat diet on lipid absorption and fatty acid transport in a rat model of short bowel syndrome

Long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) appear to be powerful stimulants for small bowel adaptation in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). However, the dietary lipid content may alter intestinal lipid transport. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high fat diet (HFD) on in vivo lipid absorption and molecular and cellular mechanisms of LCFAs uptake by the remaining bowel. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (240–280) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: sham rats fed normal chow (sham-NC), SBS rats fed NC (SBS-NC) and SBS rats fed HFD (SBS-HFD). SBS rats underwent a 75% small bowel resection. Rats were sacrificed on day 3 or 14. Body weight, fat intake and fat clearance (total fecal fat) were measured twice a week. Fat absorbability was calculated as intake minus clearance and was expressed as percent of intake. Total RNA from the mucosa of duodenum, jejunum and ileum was extracted using TRIZOL Reagent. Northern blot analysis was performed to determine FAT/CD36 mRNA levels. Enterocyte LCFA transport was measured on day 14. LCFA uptake was determined by measuring cellular [3H]-oleate uptake over time (4–120 s). Mean (±SE) FAT/CD36 mRNA levels and oleate uptake kinetic parameters were analyzed using ANOVA. Fat absorbability diminished after bowel resection, suggesting fat malabsorption. Remaining bowel in SBS-NC rats responded by an increase in FAT/CD36 mRNA levels in the duodenum and ileum on day 3, and the duodenum and jejunum on day 14 compared to sham-NC animals, and was accompanied by an increase in enterocyte LCFA transport in all segments. Exposure to a HFD for 14 days resulted in significantly increased fat absorbability after 3 days compared to SBS-NC rats. However, FAT/CD36 mRNA levels (vs. SBS-NC) decreased in all segments on day 3. On day 14, FAT/CD36 mRNA levels were decreased in the duodenum and ileum and were accompanied by reduced oleate uptake by isolated enterocytes in the ileum (vs. SBS-NC). In a rat model of SBS, early high fat diet increased lipid absorptive capacity of the intestinal remnant as seen by increased fat absorbability. The main mechanisms of this effect may be an acceleration of structural intestinal adaptation resulting in an increased number of enterocytes. However, at molecular and cellular levels HFD decreased mucosal FAT/CD36 mRNA levels and oleic acid uptake by isolated enterocytes.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47157/1/383_2003_Article_1016.pd

An overview of the coastal zone plant diversity and management strategies in the mediterranean region of Turkey

International Conference on Biosaline Agriculture and Salinity Tolerance in Plants -- JAN, 2005 -- Mugla Univ, Mugla, TURKEYWOS: 000239060000010Turkish Natl Res Council, UNESCO-Doha, Toros Gubre-Mugl