Studies on the Treatment of Complex Sulphide Ores from Yonaihata Mine, Fukushima Prefecture. II : Flotation Experiments and Discussion

In continuance of the previous report dealing with the intergrowth of chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena and pyrite found in the complex sulphide ores from Yonaihata Mine, with respect to their occurrence and natures, the results obtained from flotation experiments of these ores will be reported in the following. A system of flotation illustrated in Fig. 1 C, was chosen for this experiments after due consideration had been given to the preliminary tests and the nature and grade of the sample ores. The most serious difficulty encountered in differential flotation of complex sulphide ores lies in the separation of copper sulphide from zinc sulphide minerals. In this experiments, the stress was laid upon this. Trials with a variety of conditioning agents, collectors and frothers revealed that best results might be obtained by the use of 30 g/t of NaCN, 2.000 g/t of ZnSO_4, 3, 000 g/t of Na_2SO_3, 300 g/t of CaO, 30 g/t Aerofloat No. 25, and 100 g/t Nikko No. 134. For separation of chalcopyrite from galena, 500 g/t of K_2Cr_2O_7, 10 g/t of Aerofloat No. 25 and 50 g/t of Nikko No. 134 might be used most effectively. Table 3 shows the results in collation. For an activating flotation of sphalerite, the use of 600 g/t of CuSO_4, 50 g/t of sodium ethyl-xanthate and 60 g/t of Takasago Senpaku No. 1 is recommended and for the activating flotation of pyrite, the use of 1.5 l/t of H_2SO_4, 60 g/t of sodium ethyl-xanthate and 70 g/t of Takasago Senpaku No. 1, in view of the results given in Tables 5 and 6 respectively. These results show that they are far better in recovery of these minerals than those of past experiments and of the current operations in practice at flotation plants. Also tests on simple flotation with ethyl-xanthate as frother of low grade ores, such as 0.7 per cent copper, 1.8 per cent lead and 0.8 per cent zinc ores were conducted. The results are illustrated in Table 8. The products of the above experiments, agglomerated and polished, were subjected to observation under a metallographic microscope for further scrutiny

Studies on the Treatment of Complex Sulphide Ores from Yonaihata Mine, Fukushima Prefecture. I : Occurrence and Nature of the Ore

Gypsum and complex sulphide ore deposits of Yonaihata Mine, northern Aizu district, occur in the Tertiary grayish black shale of Yonaihata series. Complex sulphide ore consists of sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite and galena and is included as irregular shaped mass in the rich parts of gypsum ore. The metallic ores are intimately paragenited as seen in Fig. 3, and the liberation of the ore minerals is comparatively difficult as shown in Table 10 and Figs. 6 and 7. Crushing and grinding characters were tested and the results are shown in Table 11 and Figs. 8 and 9

The Impact of Leisure Activities on Older Adults' Cognitive Function, Physical Function, and Mental Health

Engagement in leisure activities has been claimed to be highly beneficial in the elderly. Practicing such activities is supposed to help older adults to preserve cognitive function, physical function, and mental health, and thus to contribute to successful aging. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the impact of leisure activities on these constructs in a large sample of Japanese older adults (N = 809; age range 72–74). The model exhibited an excellent fit (CFI = 1); engaging in leisure activities was positively associated with all the three successful aging indicators. These findings corroborate previous research carried out in Western countries and extend its validity to the population of Eastern older adults. Albeit correlational in nature, these results suggest that active engagement in leisure activities can help older adults to maintain cognitive, physical, and mental health. Future research will clarify whether there is a causal relationship between engagement in leisure activities and successful aging

Variantes genéticas en el locus 9p21 contribuyen al desarrollo de arteriosclerosis a través de la modulación de ANRIL y CDKN2A/B

Registro creado en correspondencia al grado de doctora de Ada Congrains Castillo.Los estudios de asociación de todo el genoma (GWAS) han identificado variantes genéticas que contribuyen al riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) en el locus del cromosoma 9p21. La región asociada a CVD es adyacente a los dos inhibidores de quinasas dependientes de ciclina (CDKN) 2A y 2B y los últimos exones del ARN no codificante, ANRIL. Todavía no está claro cuál de estas transcripciones o cómo están involucradas en la patogénesis de la aterosclerosis.Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genetic variants contributing to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at the chromosome 9p21 locus. The CVD-associated region is adjacent to the two cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKN)2A and 2B and the last exons of the non-coding RNA, ANRIL. It is still not clear which of or how these transcripts are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.Japón. Programa de Promoción de Estudios Fundamentales en el Instituto Nacional de Innovación Biomédica de Japón (HR: 22-2-5), el Ministerio de Educación, Cultura, Deportes, Ciencia y Tecnología de Japón (KK: 22510211) y la Fundación NOVARTIS para la Investigación Gerontológica (KK).Tesi

Hyperglycemia in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with low muscle mass: The Multicenter Study for Clarifying Evidence for Sarcopenia in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for sarcopenia when comparing individuals with and without diabetes. However, no studies have investigated whether the findings could be extrapolated to patients with diabetes with relatively higher glycemic levels. Here, we aimed to clarify whether glycemic control was associated with sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study participants consisted of patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 746, the average age was 69.9 years) and an older general population (n = 2, 067, the average age was 68.2 years). Sarcopenia was defined as weak grip strength or slow usual gait speed and low skeletal mass index. RESULTS: Among patients with type 2 diabetes, 52 were diagnosed as having sarcopenia. The frequency of sarcopenia increased linearly with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, particularly in lean individuals (HbA1c <6.5%, 7.0%, ≥6.5% and <7.0%: 18.5%; HbA1c ≥7.0% and <8.0%: 20.3%; HbA1c ≥8.0%: 26.7%). The linear association was independent of major covariates, including anthropometric factors and duration of diabetes (HbA1c <6.5%: reference; ≥6.5% and <7.0%: odds ratio [OR] 4.38, P = 0.030; HbA1c ≥7.0% and <8.0%: 4.29, P = 0.024; HbA1c ≥8.0%: 7.82, P = 0.003). HbA1c level was specifically associated with low skeletal mass index (HbA1c ≥8.0%: OR 5.42, P < 0.001) rather than weak grip strength (OR 1.89, P = 0.058) or slow gait speed (OR 1.13, P = 0.672). No significant association was observed in the general population with a better glycemic profile. CONCLUSIONS: Poor glycemic control in patients with diabetes was associated with low muscle mass

Emphysematous cystitis following a transrectal needle guided biopsy of the prostate

Abstract Background Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is a comparatively rare urinary tract infection characterized by air within the bladder wall and lumen and is usually associated with immunosuppression or poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Case presentation We report a case of EC in a 70-year-old man who recently underwent transrectal ultrasound needle-guided prostate biopsy, after which he underwent pylorogastrectomy. He did not have any history of diabetes mellitus or any immunosuppressive disease. The patient developed severe sepsis, requiring intravenous antibiotics and urinary catheterization. Despite therapy, the patient developed disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Therefore, he was admitted to the intensive care unit, antibiotic coverage was broadened, and danaparoid sodium and sivelestat sodium hydrate was administered. After 20 days, the patient’s condition improved, and on the 28th day, the patient was discharged to home in a good condition without any sequelae. Conclusion Prompt diagnosis and treatment are warranted to prevent potential morbidity of and mortality in cases of EC.</p

Association between prior-night sleep and next-day fatigue in older adults: a daily diary study

Abstract Background Fatigue is known as an element of frailty. Sleep problems (e.g., short sleep duration and low sleep quality) can increase fatigue, but the day-to-day relationship between sleep and fatigue has not been studied well in older adults. Using a daily diary method, this study examined the within- and between-person associations between sleep and fatigue in older adults. Methods The study recruited 56 Japanese community dwellers (age: 82–86 years; female: 37.5%). Participants responded to a daily diary questionnaire at the end of each day. Over seven days, time in bed and satisfaction were measured after waking up, whereas fatigue was assessed before going to bed. We included person-level covariates (demographic factors, and physical and mental health) and day-level covariates (time in study, and positive and negative emotions). Multilevel models were estimated to examine within- and between-person associations. Results At the within-person level, on days following short and long time in bed and days following low levels of sleep satisfaction, individuals felt higher levels of fatigue compared with usual days. At the between-person level, no statistically significant differences in fatigue were observed between individuals with long and short time in bed. Conclusions The findings suggest that prior-day sleep is associated with next-day fatigue in older adults. Long and short sleep duration and low sleep quality can lead to fatigue. Considering that sleep is a modifiable health behavior, appropriate management of sleep behavior may reduce fatigue

The Relationship Between Social Interaction and Anxiety Regarding COVID-19 in Japanese Older Adults

While previous studies suggest that women have higher anxiety than men regarding COVID-19, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study tries to explain the mechanisms by gender difference in social interaction based on a theory of social amplification of risk framework (SARF). We surveyed older adults in Japan regarding their anxiety regarding COVID-19, as well as the frequencies of their direct and indirect social interaction in July 2020 ( N  = 1,587, aged 78–99 years). To explore the way in which gender and anxiety regarding COVID-19 were mediated by these two types of social interactions, MODEL4 of SPSS’s Process MACRO was applied to the data. We found that older women interacted more directly and indirectly with others than did older men. And, direct social interaction was negatively and related, but indirect social interaction was positively related to older adults’ anxiety regarding COVID-19. Furthermore, direct social interaction was related to older women’s low anxiety regarding COVID-19, whereas indirect social interaction was related to older women’s high anxiety regarding COVID-19. The findings of our study suggest that the degree of anxiety regarding COVID-19 among older women may be dependent upon the types of social interaction they have with others