Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Production of Chlor-alkali. Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control)

The BAT reference document entitled ‘Production of Chlor-alkali’ forms part of a series presenting the results of an exchange of information between EU Member States, the industries concerned, non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection, and the Commission, to draw up, review and, where necessary, update BAT reference documents as required by Article 13(1) of the Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions. This document is published by the European Commission pursuant to Article 13(6) of the Directive. This BREF for the production of chlor-alkali covers certain industrial activities specified in Sections 4.2(a) and 4.2(c) of Annex I to Directive 2010/75/EU, namely the production of chlor-alkali chemicals (chlorine, hydrogen, potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide) by the electrolysis of brine. In particular, this document covers the following processes and activities: - the storage of salt; - the preparation, purification and resaturation of brine; - the electrolysis of brine; - the concentration, purification, storage and handling of sodium/potassium hydroxide; - the cooling, drying, purification, compression, liquefaction, storage and handling of chlorine; - the cooling, purification, compression, storage and handling of hydrogen; - the conversion of mercury cell plants to membrane cell plants; - the decommissioning of mercury cell plants; - the remediation of chlor-alkali production sites. Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the chlor-alkali industry are the conversion and decommissioning of mercury cell plants, the conversion of asbestos diaphragm cell plants and the use of non-asbestos diaphragms, electricity consumption, and emissions of chlorine to air and water. The BREF contains seven chapters. Chapters 1 and 2 provide general information on the chlor-alkali industry and on the industrial processes and techniques used within this sector. Chapter 3 provides data and information concerning the environmental performance of installations in terms of current emissions, consumption of raw materials, water and energy, and generation of waste. Chapter 4 describes the techniques to prevent or reduce the environmental impact of installations in the sector. In Chapter 5 the BAT conclusions, as defined in Article 3(12) of the Directive, are presented for the chlor-alkali industry. Chapters 6 and 7 are dedicated to emerging techniques as well as to concluding remarks and recommendations for future work in the sector, respectively.JRC.J.5-Sustainable Production and Consumptio

Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Food, Drink and Milk Industries. Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control)

The Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document (BREF) for the Food, Drink and Milk Industries is part of a series of documents presenting the results of an exchange of information between EU Member States, the industries concerned, non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection, and the Commission, to draw up, review and – where necessary – update BAT reference documents as required by Article 13(1) of Directive 2010/78/EU on Industrial Emissions (the Directive). This document is published by the European Commission pursuant to Article 13(6) of the Directive. The BREF for the Food, Drink and Milk Industries covers the treatment and processing, other than exclusively packaging, of the animal and/or vegetable raw materials, whether previously processed or unprocessed, intended for the production of food or feed, as specified in Section 6.4 (b) of Annex I to Directive 2010/75/EU. Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the food, drink and milk (FDM) sector are emissions to water, energy and water consumption. Chapter 1 provides general information on the FDM sector and on the industrial processes and techniques used within this sector. Chapter 2 provides information on the common industrial processes, abatement systems and general techniques that are used across the FDM sector. General techniques to consider in the determination of BAT (i.e. those techniques to consider that are widely applied in the FDM sector) are reported in Chapter 2. Chapters 3 to 15 give the applied processes, current emission and consumption levels, techniques to consider in the determination of BAT and emerging techniques for the FDM sectors that are covered by these chapters. Chapter 16 provides thumbnail descriptions of additional FDM sectors, for which a data collection via questionnaires has not been carried out. Chapter 17 presents the BAT conclusions as defined in Article 3(12) of the Directive, both general and sector-specific. Concluding remarks and recommendations for future work are presented in Chapter 18.JRC.B.5-Circular Economy and Industrial Leadershi

CORRIGENDUM Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Production of Chlor-alkali. Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control)

Not applicable.JRC.J.5-Sustainable Production and Consumptio

Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Intensive Rearing of Poultry or Pigs. Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control)

The BAT reference document (BREF) entitled 'Intensive Rearing of Poultry or Pigs' forms part of a series presenting the results of an exchange of information between EU Member States, the industries concerned, non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection, and the Commission, to draw up, review and, where necessary, update BAT reference documents as required by Article 13(1) of the Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions. This document is published by the European Commission pursuant to Article 13(6) of the Directive. This BREF for Intensive Rearing of Poultry or Pigs concerns the activities specified in Section 6.6 of Annex I to Directive 2010/75/EU, namely '6.6. Intensive rearing of poultry or pigs': (a) with more than 40 000 places for poultry (b) with more than 2 000 places for production pigs (over 30 kg), or (c) with more than 750 places for sows. In particular, this document covers the following on-farm processes and activities: - nutritional management of poultry and pigs; - feed preparation (milling, mixing and storage); - rearing (housing) of poultry and pigs; - collection and storage of manure; - processing of manure; - manure landspreading; - storage of dead animals. Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the intensive rearing of poultry or pigs are ammonia emissions to air, total nitrogen and total phosphorus excreted. This BREF contains ten chapters. Chapter 1 provides general information on pig and poultry production in Europe. Chapter 2 describes the major activities and production systems used in intensive poultry or pig production. Chapter 3 contains information on the environmental performance of installations in terms of current emissions, consumption of raw materials, water and energy. Chapter 4 describes in more detail the techniques to prevent or, where this is not practicable, to reduce the environmental impact of operating installations in this sector that were considered in determining the BAT. This information includes, where relevant, the environmental performance levels (e.g. emission and consumption levels) which can be achieved by using the techniques, the associated monitoring and the costs and the cross-media issues associated with the techniques. Chapter 5 presents the BAT conclusions as defined in Article 3(12) of the Directive. Chapter 6 presents information on 'emerging techniques' as defined in Article 3(14) of the Directive. Chapter 7 is dedicated to concluding remarks and recommendations for future work.JRC.B.5-Circular Economy and Industrial Leadershi

Developing EU environmental standards for the food, drink and milk industries: key environmental issues and data collection

Background: The European Commission organised the review of the best available techniques reference document for the food, drink and milk industries according to the provisions of the Industrial Emissions Directive (Directive 2010/75/EU). Under this policy, an exchange of information between Member States, industrial organisations, nongovernmental organisations promoting the protection of the environment and the European Commission took place. Results: A crucial part of developing these EU environmental standards was the systematic determination of the key environmental issues of the food, drink and milk sector. Key environmental issues were defined for emissions to air and water, and for energy and water consumption. The key environmental issues were systematically determined using four criteria proposed by the European Commission. Moreover, a data collection procedure was designed and real-plant emissions and consumption data were obtained for the first time from a representative variety of food, drink and milk installations across the European Union. Conclusions: The development of the EU environmental standards for the food, drink and milk sector are based on a systematic determination of the key environmental issues and on a representative data collection for this sector. This paper also highlights the main normative, organisational and procedural factors addressed during the environmental policy integration carried out to develop these standards.JRC.B.5-Circular Economy and Industrial Leadershi

La participación en el proceso de Sevilla y estado actual de revisión de los documentos BREFs

El éxito del proceso de Sevilla depende de la activa participación de los mejores expertos de la UE-28, en la calidad de la información, y en el alto grado de consenso conseguido. Lograr ese éxito no es sencillo, dado el elevado número de instituciones, intereses y personas involucrados. Con ánimo de promover una activa y eficaz participación de los miembros de los grupos técnicos de trabajo, se han recopilado unas recomendaciones al respecto.JRC.J.5-Sustainable Production and Consumptio

Evaluation of confirmatory data following the Article 12 MRL review for quizalofop‐P‐ethyl, quizalofop‐P‐tefuryl and propaquizafop and modification of the existing maximum residue levels for quizalofop‐P‐tefuryl

Abstract The applicant Arysta Life Science Great Britain Limited submitted a request to the competent national authority in Croatia to evaluate the confirmatory data that were identified for quizalofop‐P‐tefuryl in the framework of the maximum residue level (MRL) review under Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 as not available. Since Article 12 data gaps were also set for the two other quizalofop‐P variants sharing the same residue definitions for risk assessment and monitoring, EFSA included in the present assessment all quizalofop‐P variants: quizalofop‐P‐ethyl, quizalofop‐P‐tefuryl and propaquizafop. Moreover, in the application submitted to Croatia, the applicant also included a request to modify the existing MRLs for quizalofop‐P‐tefuryl in grapes, sunflower seeds and soyabeans in accordance with Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. To address the data gaps, new data on hydrolysis efficiency of quizalofop‐P‐tefuryl, quizalofop acid, quizalofop‐pentanoic acid and quizalofop‐P‐glycerate in different matrices of animal origin in accordance with the guidance document SANTE/2020/12830 Rev.1 were submitted, along with a validated analytical method for animal commodities. EFSA concluded that the data gap on validation of the efficiency of the extraction and hydrolysis included in the enforcement method of residues in livestock animal commodities was only fully addressed for muscle, poultry liver and eggs. Regarding plant commodities, the remaining data gaps were not addressed. EFSA also considered data gaps for quizalofop‐p‐ethyl in caraway as sufficiently addressed in the context of a previous MRL application. In general, the new information provided required a revision of the existing MRLs for several commodities of plant and animal origin. Further risk management considerations are required. Based on the risk assessment results, EFSA concluded that the short‐term and long‐term intake of residues resulting from the use of quizalofop‐P‐tefuryl according to the reported agricultural practices is unlikely to present a risk to consumer health