Rootstock affects stress relieving enzymatic activity during bud break in 'Red Globe' grapevine under semi-arid condition

       The role of stress relieving enzymes during bud sprouting in grapevines has already been established in different varieties. However, data on 'Red Globe' variety under tropical conditions are not reported. The present study was conducted to generate data on stress relieving enzymatic activities during bud sprout in 'Red Globe' on different rootstocks under arid conditions of India. Influence of different rootstocks on stress relieving enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, ascorbic acid oxidase and polyphenol oxidase) involved in bud sprouting under tropical conditions with double pruning and single cropping pattern was evidenced. Positive interactions were observed between enzymatic activities of stress relieving enzymes, increased bud break (64.25 %) and reduction in days taken to bud sprout (8.43 days). Among the rootstocks under study, vines on 110R and own rooted vines have strong impact on stress relieving enzymes that resulted into early and increased bud sprouting. Also, the dynamics of enzymatic activity can be used as biological indicators for forecasting the end of bud dormancy and recommencement of growth

Online) An Open Access

ABSTRACT Present investigation was carried out to assess the chemical composition, sensory evaluation, shelf life and microbial quality of ginger peda. Peda was prepared from buffalo milk with constant level of sugar (30 per cent by weight by Khoa) and different levels i.e. 0% (T 0 ), (T 1 ) 2%, (T 2 ) 4% and (T 3 ) 6% of ginger powder by weight of Khoa. The product prepared using 2% ginger powder was found most acceptable on the basis of overall acceptability. The average standard plate count of fresh sample was found to be 8, 6, 5 and 3 x 103 cfu per gm for treatments T0, T1, T2 and T3 respectively. Yeast and mould and coliform count were not observed in fresh peda samples. It was observed that the overall acceptability score of treatment T0, T1, T2 and T3 was 8.49, 8.01, 7.52 and 6.89 respectively. The cost for preparation of bottle gourd Peda for treatment T0, T1, T2 and T3 was Rs. 153.53, Rs.152.42, Rs. 151.34 and Rs. 150.29 per kg, respectively. It can be concluded that the peda with ginger powder can be very well utilized for preparation of nutritious, palatable and low cost Peda by blending 2 percent ginger powder with 95 per cent buffalo milk Khoa on weight basis

FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF LORNOXICAM

Lornoxicam is a NSAID having oxicam class mainly prescribed in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. NSAID have the potential to relieve the pain and inflammation without the immunosuppressive and metabolic side effects associated with corticosteroids. Generally the classification of NSAID is applied to drugs that inhibit one or more steps in the metabolism of Arachidonic Acid (AA). In general, NSAID do not inhibit lipoxygenase formation or the formation of other inflammatory mediators. Due to its more biological half-life i.e. 3-5 hrs. in India, the dosage form is available in 8-16 mg, it can be increased upto 24 mg/day if necessary. The main objectives of present investigation are to confirm the drug by various analytical techniques, to study the drug excipients compatibility, to avoid the dose as well as the frequency of the dosage form and to perform the stability. The tablet can be developed with the combination of HPMC K 100M and Ethyl Cellulose as a matrix former. Lornoxicam is NSAID that has numerous functions in the body. It can be absorbed rapidly and completely from gastrointestinal track after the oral administration. Absolute bioavailability of Lornoxicam is 90-100%. No first pass effect is observed. It is found in the plasma in the unchanged form and as its hydroxylated metabolite. The hydroxylated metabolite exhibits no pharmacological activity. CYP2C3 has been shown to be the primary enzyme responsible for the biotransformation of Lornoxicam. Approximately 2/3 part of Lornoxicam is eliminated via the liver and 1/3 via the kidneys as inactive substance. Lornoxicam inhibits the production of prostaglandins by inhibiting the action of cyclooxygenase, which regulates the conversion of Arachidonic Acid to Prostaglandins. Lornoxicam mainly prescribed in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, and also in the management of ankylosing spondylitis, acute sciatica and low back pain.Keywords: Lornoxicam, Sustained release, matrix

Dimensionality of Carbon Nanomaterials Determines the Binding and Dynamics of Amyloidogenic Peptides: Multiscale Theoretical Simulations

Experimental studies have demonstrated that nanoparticles can affect the rate of protein self-assembly, possibly interfering with the development of protein misfolding diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and prion disease caused by aggregation and fibril formation of amyloid-prone proteins. We employ classical molecular dynamics simulations and large-scale density functional theory calculations to investigate the effects of nanomaterials on the structure, dynamics and binding of an amyloidogenic peptide apoC-II(60-70). We show that the binding affinity of this peptide to carbonaceous nanomaterials such as C60, nanotubes and graphene decreases with increasing nanoparticle curvature. Strong binding is facilitated by the large contact area available for π-stacking between the aromatic residues of the peptide and the extended surfaces of graphene and the nanotube. The highly curved fullerene surface exhibits reduced efficiency for π-stacking but promotes increased peptide dynamics. We postulate that the increase in conformational dynamics of the amyloid peptide can be unfavorable for the formation of fibril competent structures. In contrast, extended fibril forming peptide conformations are promoted by the nanotube and graphene surfaces which can provide a template for fibril-growth

Computational analysis of expression of human embryonic stem cell-associated signatures in tumors

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The cancer stem cell model has been proposed based on the linkage between human embryonic stem cells and human cancer cells. However, the evidences supporting the cancer stem cell model remain to be collected. In this study, we extensively examined the expression of human embryonic stem cell-associated signatures including core genes, transcription factors, pathways and microRNAs in various cancers using the computational biology approach.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We used the class comparison analysis and survival analysis algorithms to identify differentially expressed genes and their associated transcription factors, pathways and microRNAs among normal vs. tumor or good prognosis vs. poor prognosis phenotypes classes based on numerous human cancer gene expression data. We found that most of the human embryonic stem cell- associated signatures were frequently identified in the analysis, suggesting a strong linkage between human embryonic stem cells and cancer cells.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The present study revealed the close linkage between the human embryonic stem cell associated gene expression profiles and cancer-associated gene expression profiles, and therefore offered an indirect support for the cancer stem cell theory. However, many interest issues remain to be addressed further.</p

A Survey Paper on Trajectory Pattern Mining for Pattern Matching Query

Large amount information of moving objects on road network is being collected with the help of various recent technologies. The tracking of these moving objects on road networks is becoming important because of it’s application in various areas. Classification has been used for classifying various kinds of data sets like graph, text documents. However, there is a lack of study on data like trajectories on road networks. Data mining techniques, especially, sequential pattern mining can be used to extract frequent spatio-temporal patterns. Again it needs to confine the length of sequential patterns to ensure high efficiency. After extracting frequent sequential patterns in trajectories, classification can be applied to classify patterns which provide useful information in applications such as city and transportation planning, road construction, design, and maintenance, marketing sector. In this paper, whole pattern matching query concept is adopted after the classification to find total traffic volume on given trajectory edge. At the same time, user can find number of vehicles moving in one as well as in both directions on that particular trajectory

Not Available

Not AvailableFive Fusarium species viz. Fusarium delphinoides (MCC 1343), F. brachygibbosum (MCC 1344), F. pseudonygamai (MCC 1345, MCC 1346) and a Fusarium sp. (MCC 1347) isolated from Plasmopara viticola collected from vineyards were used for the studies. In in vitro studies, all Fusarium species coiled around P. viticola sporangiophores and caused distortion of sporangia. Pre-treatment of leaf discs with Fusarium species reduced sporangial production of P. viticola by 60 to 75%. Extracellular lytic enzymes screening showed that all five species produced beta-glucanase, chitinase and protease enzymes. In the small scale field trial the five species significantly reduced downy mildew incidence on leaves and bunch as compare untreated control. The area under disease progress curce (AUDPC) ranged from 199.25 to 212.41 for leaves and 29.69 to 55.79 for bunch in Fusarium treated vines. The AUDPC in untreated control was 331.47 on leaves and 185.32 on bunch. These Fusarium species show potential for biological control of downy mildew of grapes.Not Availabl

Naphthalenediimide amphiphile based colorimetric probe for recognition of Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions

An efficient and highly selective naphthalenediimide based probe has been synthesised for sensitive detection of Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions. The significant changes in UV-vis absorption band of naphthalenediimide amphiphile (NDI-A) at 430 nm indicates the selective detection of Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions as compared to other metal ions (Pb2+, Zn2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and Cr3+) studied. The receptor NDI-A is a facile, cost-effective and colorimetric sensing platform to determine trace amount of Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions