Comparison of Torpedograss and Pickerelweed Susceptibility to Glyphosate

Torpedograss (Panicum repens L.) is one of the most invasive exotic plants in aquatic systems. Repeat applications of (N-phosphonomethyl) glycine (glyphosate) herbicides provide limited control of torpedograss; unfortunately, glyphosate often negatively impacts most non-target native species that grow alongside the weed. This experiment studied the effect of glyphosate on pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata L.), a native plant that shares habitats with torpedograss. Actively growing plants of torpedograss and pickerelweed were cultured in 8-liter containers and sprayed to wet with one of four rates of glyphosate: 0%, 0.75%, 1.0%, or 1.5%. Each treatment included a surfactant to aid in herbicide uptake and a surface dye to verify uniform application of the treatments. All herbicide treatments were applied with a backpack sprayer to intact plants and to cut stubble of both species. Four replicates were treated for each species-rategrowth combination during each of two experiment periods. Plant dry weights 8 weeks after herbicide application suggest that torpedograss was effectively controlled by the highest rate of glyphosate applied to cut stubble. Pickerelweed was unaffected when the highest rate of glyphosate was applied as a cut-and-spray treatment. These data suggest that a cut-and-spray application of a 1.5% solution of glyphosate may be an effective strategy to control torpedograss without deleteriously affecting pickerelweed. (PDF contains 4 pages.

The Military Career of James Gettys

James Gettys was a Federalist, tried and true. From his role in the American Revolution to his final position as Vice Brigadier General during the War of 1812, James understood the necessity for “we the people” to remain united as one, power in numbers. He lived that way, worked that way, and built his town on that premise. Like most of the frontiersmen of his time, his life was difficult, and his rise to the top was not always met with valor. Much like his father, Samuel, James Gettys fought for everything he had, and his attainments were well earned. Until recently, discussion of James Gettys’ military career began with his 1781 role as a Cornet in a Light Horsemen of York County. While any role in the Revolutionary War was beneficial, his appeared fairly insignificant, as a Cornet was a lower ranked officer, and Gettys’ unit was never activated.1 Seemingly odd given his numerous promotions within the militia, James appeared to witness the fighting safely on the sidelines. New research, however, reveals, that this version of events is not entirely accurate. This article reviews that new evidence and narrates the postwar Revolutionary War life of Gettysburg’s founding father

Can it Heal and Hurt?: Survivors of Sexual Assault Share the Benefits and Challenges of Sexual Assault Support Group Participation

Research exploring the relationships among trauma survivors is largely non-existent. This study aimed to explore the effects of relationships among individuals with a shared experience of sexual trauma within the group therapeutic context of sexual assault support groups. This study sought to examine the potential buffering and supportive effects of social support between sexual assault survivors, while also exploring the potential negative effects of shared trauma that may occur from the potentially triggering nature of seeking support from other sexual assault survivors. These complex dynamics were explored through examining the relationships and experiences of sexual assault survivors who have attended sexual assault support groups. Participants were selected from college student participants enrolled in introductory psychology courses. A qualitative approach utilizing an open-ended survey was conducted and results were analyzed following the reflective and flexible process of Thematic Analysis as outline by Braun and Clarke (2006). The results of this study found that due to the presence of shared trauma amongst survivors in sexual assault support groups, participants can experience negative reactions when exposed to other survivors’ experiences in the group in addition to the supportive, therapeutic effects of attending the group. The implications of the results of this study on the clinical practice of group psychotherapy is discussed and avenues for future research are offered

Interview with Mary White Gettys

In her October 14, 2009 interview with Miciah Bennett, Mary White Gettys relays her experience in the WAVES as a code breaker. Gettys details the equipment she used and the secrecy in her work. Gettys speculates what the WAVES did for women and provides her opinion on the wars in the Middle East. This interview was conducted for inclusion into the Louise Pettus Archives and Special Collections Oral History Program.https://digitalcommons.winthrop.edu/oralhistoryprogram/1281/thumbnail.jp

A comparison of methods for making buttermilk using traditional fermentation and direct acidification

Buttermilk was made by three methods: conventional fer-mentation, direct acidification, and a combination of both. The conventional method involved adding a culture to skim milk followed by incubation at 23±1°C until a pH of 4.5 was reached; the direct acidification method involved the addition of lactic acid to skim milk to reduce the pH to 4.5; in the combination method the pH of the skim milk was reduced to 5.2 with lactic acid followed by inoculation with a bacterial culture as in the traditional fer-mentation. Two frozen concentrated starter cultures were used. The first contained Streptococcus lactis and/or S. cremoris and the second contained S. lactis and/or S. cremoris plus a strain of Leuconostoc. After fermentation, 0.1% (w/v) potassium sorbate was added to half of each of the cultured samples. The samples were then stored at 4°C and analyzed for various microbiological, chemical, and physical attributes at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days. A 62 member consumer taste panel ranked the samples by preference. The psychrotrophic count and viscosity were not affected by the processing methods, the presence of potassium sorbate, or the culture used (P\u3e0.G5). No coliforms were found in any butter milk samples. The number of lactic acid bacteria was affected only by culture type (P\u3c0.01), and not by processing method or the presence of potassium sorbate (P\u3e0.05). The use of the titratable acidity test appeared to be a more reliable means of measuring acid development than pH because of less variation in the former. The processing method (P\u3c0.01), culture type (P\u3c0.01) and presence of potassium sorbate (P\u3c0.10) had significant effects on the amounts of diacetyl and acetoin found. The concentration of acetoin increased significantly over time, while the concentration of diacetyl remained fairly constant. Those sensory panel members who normally consume buttermilk were able to detect the presence of potassium sorbate and tended to prefer the samples without the added sorbate, but the buttermilk non-consumers were not able to detect a difference in the samples. The consumer panel was not able to distinguish between the methods of production. The direct acidification-fermentation technique appeared to be a viable alternative to the conventional processing method for buttermilk. This method could result in a reduced processing time and a more consistent product through closer supervision

Defining relationships between perceived leader authenticity, staff authenticity and instructional leadership in urban elementary schools

This study focused on the role of the elementary principal as the building\u27s instructional leader and the teachers\u27 perception of that role as it relates to a curriculum adoption. The Des Moines Independent Community School District of Des Moines, IA approved a districtwide elementary mathematics curriculum, based on the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards (1989). The adoption represented a major shift in philosophy and approach from past district curricula. Initiatives were launched for staff development, teacher support and parent communication. These district efforts took place in a formal organizational structure of site-based management through shared decision-making (SBM/SDM);Teachers of grades one through five from twenty district elementary schools were surveyed for their input regarding their perceptions of the building principal as an authentic and effective leader. Questions concerning school instructional climate and teacher demographic background were also included. Principals of those twenty buildings were also asked to respond to the same survey;Results of the teachers\u27 surveys indicated a positive correlation between their perception of the building principal as an authentic/effective leader and the teachers\u27 attitude toward the success of the mathematics adoption. A significant difference was found between the teachers\u27 and their respective principals\u27 perceptions as to how well the principal played the role of instructional leader in the building. Only 2% of the teachers surveyed cited the principal as being the individual who had been most helpful to them with the adoption. Several teachers raised questions regarding the relevance of leadership questions to a study of the implementation of the adoption. Based on the conclusion that if instructional leadership does not take place with the principal, it will informally take place with a colleague or other source, the need to re-examine the formal role of principal is stated

Thomas Smithwick Gettys Papers - Accession 54

Thomas Smithwick Gettys [1912-2003] was a lawyer and U.S. Representative for the Fifth Congressional District of South Carolina. The Thomas Smithwick Gettys Papers consist of reports, resolutions, correspondence, news releases, government publications, and newspaper clippings, relating to Getty’s efforts to enlarge and develop the Cowpens Battlefield Site of Cherokee County, South Carolina. Correspondents include Ernest Hollings, Donald Russell, John P. Saylor, W.S. Stuckey, Jr., Roy A. Taylor, Mark W. Clark, Wayne Aspinall, and Stewart Udall.https://digitalcommons.winthrop.edu/manuscriptcollection_findingaids/1080/thumbnail.jp