DNA multigene characterization of Fasciola hepatica and Lymnaea neotropica and its fascioliasis transmission capacity in Uruguay, with historical correlation, human report review and infection risk analysis

Fascioliasis is a highly pathogenic zoonotic disease emerging in recent decades, in part due to the effects of climate and global changes. South America is the continent presenting more numerous human fascioliasis endemic areas and the highest Fasciola hepatica infection prevalences and intensities known in humans. These serious public health scenarios appear mainly linked to altitude areas in Andean countries, whereas lowland areas of non-Andean countries, such as Uruguay, only show sporadic human cases or outbreaks. To understand this difference, we characterized F. hepatica from cattle and horses and lymnaeids of Uruguay by sequencing of ribosomal DNA ITS-2 and ITS-1 spacers and mitochondrial DNA cox1, nad1 and 16S genes. Results indicate that vectors belong to Lymnaea neotropica instead of to Lymnaea viator, as always reported from Uruguay. Our correlation of fasciolid and lymnaeid haplotypes with historical data on the introduction and spread of livestock species into Uruguay allow to understand the molecular diversity detected. We study the life cycle and transmission features of F. hepatica by L. neotropica of Uruguay under standardized experimental conditions to enable a comparison with the transmission capacity of F. hepatica by Galba truncatula at very high altitude in Bolivia. Results demonstrate that although L. neotropica is a highly efficient vector in the lowlands, its transmission capacity is markedly lower than that of G. truncatula in the highlands. On this baseline, we review the human fascioliasis cases reported in Uruguay and analyze the present and future risk of human infection in front of future climate change estimations

Linkage analysis for major histocompatibility complex-related genetic susceptibility in familial chronic lymphocytic leukemia”

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) shows evidence of familial aggregation, but the genetic basis is poorly understood. The existence of a linkage between HLA and Hodgkin lymphoma, another B-cell disorder, coupled with the fact that CLL is frequently associated with autoimmune disease, led to the question of whether the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region is involved in familiar cases of CLL. To examine this proposition, 5 microsatellite markers on chromosome 6p21.3 were typed in 28 families with CLL, 4 families with CLL in association with other lymphoproliferative disorders, and 1 family with splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes. There was no evidence of linkage in these families to chromosome 6p21.3. The best estimates of the proportions of sibling pairs with CLL that share 0, 1, or 2 MHC haplotypes were not significantly different from the null expectation. This implies that genes within the MHC region are unlikely to be the major determinants of familiar CLL

Linkage analysis for ATM in familial B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) shows evidence of familial aggregation, but the inherited basis is poorly understood. Mutations in the ATM gene have been demonstrated in CLL. This, coupled with a possibly increased risk of leukaemia in relatives of patients with Ataxia Telangiectasia, led us to question whether the ATM gene is involved in familial cases of CLL. To examine this proposition we typed five markers on chromosome 11q in 24 CLL families. No evidence for linkage between CLL and ATM in the 24 families studied and the best estimates of the proportion of sibling pairs that share no, one or both haplotypes at ATM were not different from their null expectations. This would imply that ATM is unlikely to make a significant contribution to the three-fold increase in risk of CLL seen in relatives of patients

Construction stages of the sensorimotor intelligence in argentine infants

El objetivo del artículo es presentar los resultados correspondientes a una investigación que se enmarca en un proyecto UBACyT 2008-2010, cuyo título es: Evaluación Nacional de la Inteligencia Sensoriomotriz a bebés de 6 a 30 meses. El objetivo principal de dicha investigación es conocer las etapas del proceso de construcción de la inteligencia práctica en bebés argentinos en las distintas provincias de la Argentina y la elaboración de nuevos baremos a nivel nacional para la Escala Argentina de Inteligencia Sensoriomotriz (EAIS).La muestra se encuentra compuesta por 800 niños de 6 a 30 meses de edad de las provincias de Buenos Aires y CABA, Córdoba, Entre Ríos, Santa Fe, Salta, Chaco, Misiones, Mendoza, Santa Cruz y Río Negro. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre las provincias argentinas en los niveles de desarrollo cognitivo en los bebés. No ha sido necesaria la elaboración de tablas diferenciales de baremos por región. Se presentan las tablas de baremos para la EAIS para Evaluación del desarrollo cognitivo en bebés de 6 a 30 meses de edad a nivel nacional.  Through this paper we show the results of an investigation belonging to a UBACyT 2008-2010 project, which was named \"The National evaluation of the sensorimotor intelligence of infants from 6 to 30 months old\" (“Evaluación Nacional de la Inteligencia Sensoriomotriz a bebés de 6 a 30 meses”). The principal aim of this project is to investigate construction stages of sensoriomotor intelligence in Argentine infants, in various provinces of Argentina; and to develop new national standards for The Argentine Scale of sensorimotor intelligence (Escala Argentina de Inteligencia Sensoriomotriz - EAIS). The sample consist of 800 babies from 6 to 30 months old from the following argentine provinces: Buenos Aires y CABA, Córdoba, Entre Ríos, Santa Fe, Salta, Chaco, Misiones, Mendoza, Santa Cruz y Río Negro. There were no significant differences in cognitive development among infants of each of the provinces. Therefore was no need to elaborate standards for each of the provinces. Finally we present, at the end of this paper, tables with the standards for the general result obtained in the EAIS, and the standards for each series of the Scale.Fil: Oiberman, Alicia Juana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones En Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J.a Rimoldi; ArgentinaFil: Paolini, Cynthia Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones En Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J.a Rimoldi; ArgentinaFil: Mansilla, M. L..Fil: Santos, Maria Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones En Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J.a Rimoldi; ArgentinaFil: Dellohainz, I..Fil: Amigo, C..Fil: Bravo, L..Fil: Cartelle, C..Fil: Duarte, C..Fil: Gaminara, G..Fil: Gentile, F..Fil: Gutierrez, M. A..Fil: Giachero, A..Fil: Kuchen, I..Fil: Leive, M. L..Fil: Lucero, A..Fil: Trucco, M. A..Fil: Rodríguez, G..Fil: Pronsato, C..Fil: Rodriguez, C.