Kazachstania slooffiae, an emerging pathogen to watch for in humans?

In an 80-year-old man with long-term dysphagia, an upper endoscopy was performed and biopsy samples collected for microbiological and pathological tests, showing fungal structures. Kazachstania slooffiae was isolated in microbiological cultures that were later confirmed with DNA sequencing. Susceptibility tests were performed, and antifungal treatment was initiated with a clinical, pathological, and microbiological response.O.Z. is funded by grant PID2020-114546RB by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Spanish Ministry for Science and Innovation)S

Evaluation of outcomes in SPA-treated osteoarthrosic patients

INTRODUCTION: Osteoarthrosis is the most prevalent joints disorder and it is also the most frequent cause of physical disability in the elderly. When surgery is not indicated, symptomatic drugs are generally used. These treatments are frequently associated to balneotherapy. In fact, balneotherapy or spa therapy has been widely used in classical medicine as a cure for such diseases. The aim and significance of this study is to evaluate the impact of thermalism in subjects suffering from osteoarthrosis. METHODS: We randomly selected 220 osteoarthrosic subjects (STs = spa treatment subjects), aged from 40 to 90, that usually undergone mud pack therapy and balneotherapy at least once a year. They were enrolled in thermal establishments in the Euganean Basin. We also recruited, as control group, 172 osteoarthrosic subjects (NCs = normal care subjects) that never underwent any spa therapy. A questionnaire, comprehensive of a disability score, was administered by physicians to each subject. RESULTS: STs reported to suffer from osteoarthrosis for more years than NCs. Furthermore STs significantly suffered more than NCs from pain in several joints, and they also showed a more elevated average number of painful joints. In spite of that, STs used less drugs than NCs, and showed a higher degree of disability due to osteoarthrosis (p inf. 0.001). CONCLUSION: The regular use of mudpack and balneotherapy seem to improve the wellness, and the spa treatment seems to help the achievement of this goal. In this regard it might be important to encourage new investigations in order to assess in which measure thermal therapy contribute to the wellness improvemen

Cobrança dos Serviços de Drenagem e Manejo de Águas Pluviais Urbanas - Estudo de Caso do Município de Santo André - SP

[Purpose] To discuss the possibility of charging for public stormwater management services. [Methodology/approach/design] The Brazilian experience with the drainage fee of Santo Andre - SP is shown, considering public policies, public plans and lawsuits about this tax. [Findings] Based on the analysis of legal difficulties of this specific tax, other alternatives are proposed for financing the drainage in order to achieve economic and financial sustainability in this public service.[Purpose] To discuss the possibility of charging for public stormwater management services. [Methodology/approach/design] The Brazilian experience with the drainage fee of Santo Andre - SP is shown, considering public policies, public plans and lawsuits about this tax. [Findings] Based on the analysis of legal difficulties of this specific tax, other alternatives are proposed for financing the drainage in order to achieve economic and financial sustainability in this public service.[Propósito] O presente artigo visa debater a possibilidade da cobrança pelo serviço público de drenagem e manejo de águas pluviais urbanas. [Metodologia/abordagem/design] Para tanto, aborda-se a experiência da taxa de drenagem de Santo André, contextualizando as políticas públicas municipais e os planos de ação envolvidos, assim como as repercussões judiciais sobre a constitucionalidade dessa exação tributária. [Resultados] A dificuldade jurídica da instituição da cobrança do serviço público de drenagem ainda se encontra presente, sendo propostas neste artigo alternativas a fim de atender o critério de sustentabilidade econômico-financeira do Novo Marco Legal do saneamento

Financiamento do Direito à Educação: disputas sobre a PEC n. 15/2015

The transitory nature of Fundeb led to political disputes surrounding its continuity. The objective of this research was to understand a portion of this process of disputes operated by different groups, organized in the parliamentary and decision-making arena, for projects, designs and redistributive results for the financing of basic education. Its operationalization took place based on a documentary survey. The main source refers to the proposals formally registered by different political actors published and carried out in 2020 for approval of PEC n. 15/2015 until its approval by EC n. 108/2020. The research points to the movement of organized groups in favor of preserving their interests, even though they may not present answers to problems verified in objective reality. It also evidences that more progressive political forces that disputed the main points of Fundeb were more favored in the positive text, fostering possible advances.El carácter transitorio del Fundeb hasta 2020 elevó a la escena nacional disputas políticas acerca de su continuidad. El estudio objetivó comprender el proceso de disputa de diferentes grupos, organizados en el ámbito parlamentario y de toma de decisiones, por proyectos, diseños y resultados redistributivos para asegurar el derecho a la educación. El análisis privilegió las disputas celebradas en 2020 para la aprobación de la PEC n. 15/2015 hasta su positivación por el CE n. 108/2020. Se realizó una investigación documental para observar a los actores presentes y analizar sus propuestas. La investigación señala el tránsito de grupos organizados a favor de la preservación de sus propios intereses, aunque puedan no presentar respuestas para la resolución de los problemas verificados en la realidad objetiva. Además, muestra que las fuerzas políticas más progresistas que disputaron los principales puntos de la Fundeb fueron más favorecidas en el texto positivado, promoviendo posibles avances.O caráter transitório do Fundeb ascendeu disputas políticas em torno de sua continuidade. O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em compreender uma parcela deste processo de disputas operado por diferentes grupos, organizados na arena parlamentar e decisória, por projetos, desenhos e resultados redistributivos para o financiamento da educação básica. Sua operacionalização deu-se a partir de levantamento documental. A principal fonte remete às proposições formalmente registradas por diferentes atores políticos publicizadas e realizadas em 2020 para aprovação da PEC n. 15/2015 até sua positivação pela EC n. 108/2020. A pesquisa aponta para a movimentação de grupos organizados em favor da preservação de seus interesses, ainda que estes possam não apresentar respostas para problemas verificados na realidade objetiva. Evidencia ainda que forças políticas mais progressistas que disputaram os principais pontos do Fundeb foram mais favorecidas no texto positivado, promovendo avanços possíveis