193 research outputs found
Extremism within the family
This paper considers an economic analysis of intergenerational transition of ethnic
and social trait. We consider the level of social traits chosen by parents and its
effect on their children's choice of ethnic and social traits when reaching adulthood.
We develop a theory that suggests that parents will chose extreme ethnic and social
traits in order to increase the cost that their children will pay if they wish to deviate
from their parent's "ideal". The extreme choice of the ethnic social traits of parents
has an effect on the segregation of minorities and migrants
Illegal migration, enforcement and minimum wage
This paper examines the connection between illegal migration, minimum wages and
enforcement policy. We first explore the employersâ decision regarding the
employment of illegal migrants in the presence of an effective minimum wage. We
show that the employersâ decision depends on the wage gap between those of the
legal and illegal workers and on the penalty for employing illegal workers. We
consider the effects a change in the minimum wage has on the employment of
illegal immigrants and local workers. We conclude by considering the optimal
migration policy taking into consideration social welfare issues
Polarization-Correlated Photon Pairs from a Single Quantum Dot
Polarization correlation in a linear basis, but not entanglement, is observed
between the biexciton and single-exciton photons emitted by a single InAs
quantum dot in a two-photon cascade. The results are well described
quantitatively by a probabilistic model that includes two decay paths for a
biexciton through a non-degenerate pair of one-exciton states, with the
polarization of the emitted photons depending on the decay path. The results
show that spin non-degeneracy due to quantum-dot asymmetry is a significant
obstacle to the realization of an entangled-photon generation device.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, revised discussio
Stability of the lattice formed in first-order phase transitions to matter containing strangeness in protoneutron stars
Well into the deleptonization phase of a core collapse supernova, a
first-order phase transition to matter with macroscopic strangeness content is
assumed to occur and lead to a structured lattice defined by negatively charged
strange droplets. The lattice is shown to crystallize for expected droplet
charges and separations at temperatures typically obtained during the
protoneutronstar evolution. The melting curve of the lattice for small
spherical droplets is presented. The one-component plasma model proves to be an
adequate description for the lattice in its solid phase with deformation modes
freezing out around the melting temperature. The mechanical stability against
shear stresses is such that velocities predicted for convective phenomena and
differential rotation during the Kelvin-Helmholtz cooling phase might prevent
the crystallization of the phase transition lattice. A solid lattice might be
fractured by transient convection, which could result in anisotropic neutrino
transport. The melting curve of the lattice is relevant for the mechanical
evolution of the protoneutronstar and therefore should be included in future
hydrodynamics simulations.Comment: accepted for publication in Physical Review
Quantum gauge models without classical Higgs mechanism
We examine the status of massive gauge theories, such as those usually
obtained by spontaneous symmetry breakdown, from the viewpoint of causal
(Epstein-Glaser) renormalization. The BRS formulation of gauge invariance in
this framework, starting from canonical quantization of massive (as well as
massless) vector bosons as fundamental entities, and proceeding perturbatively,
allows one to rederive the reductive group symmetry of interactions, the need
for scalar fields in gauge theory, and the covariant derivative. Thus the
presence of higgs particles is explained without recourse to a
Higgs(-Englert-Brout-Guralnik-Hagen-Kibble) mechanism. Along the way, we dispel
doubts about the compatibility of causal gauge invariance with grand unified
theories.Comment: 20 pages in two-column EPJC format, shortened version accepted for
publication. For more details, consult version
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SLC35A2Ăą CDG: Functional characterization, expanded molecular, clinical, and biochemical phenotypes of 30 unreported Individuals
Pathogenic de novo variants in the XĂą linked gene SLC35A2 encoding the major GolgiĂą localized UDPĂą galactose transporter required for proper protein and lipid glycosylation cause a rare type of congenital disorder of glycosylation known as SLC35A2Ăą congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG; formerly CDGĂą IIm). To date, 29 unique de novo variants from 32 unrelated individuals have been described in the literature. The majority of affected individuals are primarily characterized by varying degrees of neurological impairments with or without skeletal abnormalities. Surprisingly, most affected individuals do not show abnormalities in serum transferrin NĂą glycosylation, a common biomarker for most types of CDG. Here we present data characterizing 30 individuals and add 26 new variants, the single largest study involving SLC35A2Ăą CDG. The great majority of these individuals had normal transferrin glycosylation. In addition, expanding the molecular and clinical spectrum of this rare disorder, we developed a robust and reliable biochemical assay to assess SLC35A2Ăą dependent UDPĂą galactose transport activity in primary fibroblasts. Finally, we show that transport activity is directly correlated to the ratio of wildĂą type to mutant alleles in fibroblasts from affected individuals.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150498/1/humu23731_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150498/2/humu23731-sup-0001-Supp_Mat__2019.2.10_.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150498/3/humu23731.pd
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