CO observations of the expanding envelope of IRC plus 10216

High-sensitivity emission profiles were observed for the transition of C12O16 and C13O16 towards IRC + or - 10216. It appears that the spherically symmetric uniform mass-outflow model proposed by Morris is necessary to describe the line profiles. The outflow appears to be slightly accelerated, having a velocity of 15 km/sec at the edges of the CO cloud, compared with 12 km/sec for the more centrally confined molecules

A method to measure flag performance for the shipping industry

The subject of measuring the performance of registries has been a topic of policy discussions in recent years on the regional level due to the recast of the European Union (EU) port state control (PSC) directive which introduces incentives for flags which perform better. Since the current method used in the EU region entails some shortcomings, it has therefore been the subject of substantial scrutiny. Furthermore, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) developed a set of performance indicators which however lacks the ability to measure compliance as set out in one of its strategic directions towards fostering global compliance. In this article, we develop and test a methodology to measure flag state performance which can be applied to the regional or global level and to other areas of legislative interest (e.g. recognized organizations, Document of Compliance Companies). Our proposed methodology overcomes some of the shortcomings of the present method and presents a more refined, less biased approach of measuring performance. To demonstrate its usefulness, we apply it to a sample of 207,821 observations for a 3 year time frame and compare it to the best know current method in the industry.

A Broad Search for Counterrotating Gas and Stars: Evidence for Mergers and Accretion

We measure the frequency of bulk gas-stellar counterrotation in a sample of 67 galaxies drawn from the Nearby Field Galaxy Survey, a broadly representative survey of the local galaxy population down to M_B-15. We detect 4 counterrotators among 17 E/S0's with extended gas emission (24% +8 -6). In contrast, we find no clear examples of bulk counterrotation among 38 Sa-Sbc spirals, although one Sa does show peculiar gas kinematics. This result implies that, at 95% confidence, no more than 8% of Sa-Sbc spirals are bulk counterrotators. Among types Sc and later, we identify only one possible counterrotator, a Magellanic irregular. We use these results together with the physical properties of the counterrotators to constrain possible origins for this phenomenon.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, AJ, accepte

Probabilistic Spatial Regression using a Deep Fully Convolutional Neural Network

Probabilistic predictions are often preferred in computer vision problems because they can provide a confidence of the predicted value. The recent dominant model for computer vision problems, the convolutional neural network, produces probabilistic output for classification and segmentation problems. But probabilistic regression using neural networks is not well defined. In this work, we present a novel fully convolutional neural network capable of producing a spatial probabilistic distribution for localizing image landmarks. We have introduced a new network layer and a novel loss function for the network to produce a two-dimensional probability map. The proposed network has been used in a novel framework to localize vertebral corners for lateral cervical Xray images. The framework has been evaluated on a dataset of 172 images consisting 797 vertebrae and 3,188 vertebral corners. The proposed framework has demonstrated promising performance in localizing vertebral corners, with a relative improvement of 38% over the previous state-of-the-art

Antiferromagnetism and charged vortices in high-Tc superconductors

The effect of the long-range Coulomb interaction on charge accumulation in antiferromagnetic vortices in high-Tc superconductors is studied within a Bogoliubov-de Gennes mean-field model of competing antiferromagnetic and d-wave superconducting orders. Antiferromagnetism is found to be associated with an accumulation of charge in the vortex core, even in the presence of the long-range Coulomb interaction. The manifestation of Pi-triplet pairing in the presence of coexisting dSC and AFM order, and the intriguing appearance of one-dimensional stripe-like ordering are discussed. The local density of states (LDOS) in the vortex core is calculated and is found to be in excellent qualitative agreement with experimental data.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, 2 column RevTex4 PRB forma

Decomposition of time-covariant operations on quantum systems with continuous and/or discrete energy spectrum

Every completely positive map G that commutes which the Hamiltonian time evolution is an integral or sum over (densely defined) CP-maps G_\sigma where \sigma is the energy that is transferred to or taken from the environment. If the spectrum is non-degenerated each G_\sigma is a dephasing channel followed by an energy shift. The dephasing is given by the Hadamard product of the density operator with a (formally defined) positive operator. The Kraus operator of the energy shift is a partial isometry which defines a translation on R with respect to a non-translation-invariant measure. As an example, I calculate this decomposition explicitly for the rotation invariant gaussian channel on a single mode. I address the question under what conditions a covariant channel destroys superpositions between mutually orthogonal states on the same orbit. For channels which allow mutually orthogonal output states on the same orbit, a lower bound on the quantum capacity is derived using the Fourier transform of the CP-map-valued measure (G_\sigma).Comment: latex, 33 pages, domains of unbounded operators are now explicitly specified. Presentation more detailed. Implementing the shift after the dephasing is sometimes more convenien