Electronic Raman scattering in Tl2Ba2CuO6+x: symmetry of the order parameter, oxygen doping effects, and normal state scattering

Single crystals of the optimally doped, moderately and strongly overdoped high temperature superconductor Tl2Ba2CuO6+x (Tl-2201) with Tc=80, 56 and 30K, respectively, have been investigated by polarized Raman scattering. By taking the peak position of the B_1g component of electronic Raman scattering as 2Delta_0 we found that the reduced gap value (2Delta_0/k_BT_c) strongly decreases with increasing doping. The behavior of the low frequency scattering for the B_1g and B_2g scattering components is similar for optimally doped and overdoped crystals and can be described by a w^3 - and w -law, respectively, which is consistent with a d-wave symmetry of the order parameter. In contrast to the optimally doped Tl-2201 in both, moderately and strongly overdoped Tl-2201, the relative (compared to the B_1g) intensity of the A_1g scattering component is suppressed. We suggest that the van Hove singularity is responsible for the observed changes of Raman intensity and reduced gap value with doping. Electronic Raman scattering in the normal state is discussed in the context of the scattering from impurities and compared to the existing infrared data. The scattering rate evaluated from the Raman measurements is smaller for the overdoped samples, compared to the moderately overdoped samples.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure

Interface states in junctions of two semiconductors with intersecting dispersion curves

A novel type of shallow interface state in junctions of two semiconductors without band inversion is identified within the envelope function approximation, using the two-band model. It occurs in abrupt junctions when the interband velocity matrix elements of the two semiconductors differ and the bulk dispersion curves intersect. The in-plane dispersion of the interface state is found to be confined to a finite range of momenta centered around the point of intersection. These states turn out to exist also in graded junctions, with essentially the same properties as in the abrupt case.Comment: 1 figur

The main directions for pharmacological correction (combinations of drugs for general anesthesia) of neurological and cognitive disorders in patients with neoplasms of the central nervous system

The aim of the study was to develop a goal-oriented combination of drugs for general anesthesia, based on a retrospective assessment of the baseline level of neurological and cognitive disorders in adults and children at the stage of preparation for surgery for neoplasms of the central nervous system (sub- and supratentorial neoplasms - SubTNN and SupraTNN), and a prospective evaluation of complications in the postoperative perio

Singlet-Triplet Excitations in the Unconventional Spin-Peierls System TiOBr

We have performed time-of-flight neutron scattering measurements on powder samples of the unconventional spin-Peierls compound TiOBr using the fine-resolution Fermi chopper spectrometer (SEQUOIA) at the SNS. These measurements reveal two branches of magnetic excitations within the commensurate and incommensurate spin-Peierls phases, which we associate with n = 1 and n = 2 triplet excitations out of the singlet ground state. These measurements represent the first direct measure of the singlet-triplet energy gap in TiOBr, which is determined to be Eg = 21.2 +/- 1.0 meV.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted for publicatio

Boundary States in Graphene Heterojunctions

A new type of states in graphene-based planar heterojunctions has been studied in the envelope wave function approximation. The condition for the formation of these states is the intersection between the dispersion curves of graphene and its gap modification. This type of states can also occur in smooth graphene-based heterojunctions.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Опыт применения октрео тида-депо в лечении кастрационно-резистентного рака предст ательной железы

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is one of the most complex and unsolved problems in urologic oncology. The somatostatin analogue octreotide depot made in Russia may be used for its treatment. The paper gives the results of a trial of the efficiency and safety of treatment with octreotide depot 30 mg and dexamethasone in 20 patients aged 58 to 89 years with CRPC during continued androgen deprivation therapy. The duration of the trial was 3 months. A response was assessed from the serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PCA), the time course of changes in general and biochemical blood test values, the degree of pain syndrome, and improvement in quality of life in a patient. A total response in reducing PSA was obtained in 70 % of the patents; overall, the best results were achieved in the group receiving octreotide before chemotherapy with docetaxel. The tolerability of octreotide deport with dexamethasone was good in all cases; no obvious adverse hematological and clinical reactions were noted.Кастрационно-резистентный рак предстательной железы (КРРПЖ) – одна из наиболее сложных и нерешенных проблем в онкоурологии. Возможным направлением в его лечении является назначение аналога соматостатина октреотида-депо отечественного производства. Представлены результаты исследования эффективности и безопасности лечения депоформой октреотида 30 мг и дексаметазоном у 20 пациентов с КРРПЖ в возрасте от 58 до 89 лет на фоне продолжающейся андрогенной депривации. Продолжительность исследования – 3 мес. Ответ оценивали по уровню простатспецифического антигена (ПСА) сыворотки крови, динамике показателей общего и биохимического анализа крови, уровню болевого синдрома и улучшению качества жизни пациента. Суммарный ответ по снижению ПСА получен у 70 % пациентов, в целом лучшие результаты достигнуты в группе получавших октреотид до химиотерапии доцетакселом. Переносимость октреотида-депо с дексаметазоном во всех случаях была хорошая, значимых побочных эффектов, как гематологических, так и клинических, не отмечено

Бусерелин-депо в лечении рака предстательной железы

The high incidence of prostate cancer (PC) and the considerably wide use of hormone therapy for its treatment as an individual modalityfor its advanced forms (Т3–Т4, N1, M1), recurrences, and progression after local treatments (radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy) and for combined treatment as neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies determine the importance of a sufficient range of hormonal drugs at an urologic oncologist’s disposal. Among the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists, there is rather long-known Buserelin made in Russia, the clinical efficacy of which is highly competitive with foreign analogs. The paper presents the results of a 3-month trial of the efficiency and safety of Buserelin depot treatment in 20 patients aged 53 to 87 years with morphologically verified PC. The patients with PC showed a gradual decrease in the mean values of prostate-specific antigen (PCA) from81.2 to 27.8 and 23.0 ng / ml at 2 and 3 months of Buserelin depot therapy, respectively. The performed therapy could achieve reductions in testosterone levels from 168 ng / dl at baseline to 21 and 19.8 ng / dl postcastration at 1 and 3 months of the therapy.All the patients tolerated Buserelin depot therapy without having clinically significant adverse reactions. The most common complaints were hyperhidrosis and hot flushes, which are typical of all LHRH agonists and which are not marked in the treatment with other drugs of this group.Conclusion. Buserelin depot 3.75 mg is a highly effective Russian drug to treat hormone-dependent PC. Its administration causes a reduction in PSA levels and ensures a steady decline in serum testosterone concentrations to the postcastration level without causing serious side effects. The findings do not differ from those when foreign LHRH analogues are used.Высокая заболеваемость раком предстательной железы (РПЖ) и весьма широкое использование гормональной терапии для его лечения в качестве самостоятельного метода при распространенных формах (Т3–Т4, N1, M1), рецидивах и прогрессировании заболевания после локальных методов лечения (радикальная простатэктомия, лучевая терапия), а также в комбинированном лечении в качестве неоадъювантной и адъювантной терапии определяют значимость достаточного набора гормональных препаратов в арсенале онкоуролога. В ряду агонистов лютеинизирующего гормона рилизинг-гормона (ЛГРГ) достаточно давно известен Бусерелин, который производится в России и клиническая эффективность которого не уступает импортным аналогам. Представлены результаты исследования эффективности и безопасности лечения Бусерелином-депо 20 пациентов с морфологически верифицированным РПЖ в возрасте от 53 до 87 лет, продолжительность исследования составила 3 мес. На фоне терапии Бусерелином-депо у больных РПЖ выявлено последовательное снижение средних значений простат-специфического антигена (ПСА) с 81,2 до 27,8 нг / мл через 2 мес и до 23,0 нг / мл через 3 мес. В процессе проводимой терапии было достигнуто снижение уровня тестостерона до посткастрационных значений с исходных 168 до 21 нг / дл через 1 мес и до 19,8 нг / дл через 3 мес лечения. Все больные перенесли лечение препаратом Бусерелин-депо без клинически значимых побочных реакций. Наиболее частыми жалобами были повышенная потливость и приливы, характерные для всех препаратов группы агонистов ЛГРГ, выраженные не более чем при лечении другими препаратами этой группы.Выводы. Бусерелин-депо в дозе 3,75 мг является высокоэффективным отечественным препаратом для лечения гормонозависимого РПЖ. Применение Бусерелина-депо приводит к уменьшению уровня ПСА, обеспечивает стабильное снижение содержания тестостерона сыворотки крови до посткастрационного уровня при отсутствии серьезных побочных эффектов. Полученные результаты не отличаются от аналогичных показателей при применении импортных аналогов ЛГРГ