Retrospective study of clinico-pathological features of ovarian tumors

Background: Ovarian masses are a frequent clinical diagnosis in general Gynecology. The aim of the present study was to assess risk factors, clinical features, CA 125 levels, histopathological diagnosis of the patients of all ovarian tumors that underwent surgical management between August 2013 to August 2017.Methods: This was the retrospective study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in MIMER Medical College. We studied 50 patients those who underwent surgical management. Most of the patients 56% were in the reproductive age group, 28% patients were in the perimenopausal age group, 14% were in the postmenopausal age group. 82% patients were parous.Results: Pain abdomen was most common symptom in 50% patients. Bilaterality of the tumor was common in malignant tumors. CA 125 was found to be increased more in malignant tumors. Most common co morbid condition was hypertension found in 12% patients. Most common ovarian tumor found was serous cystadenoma 34% and most common malignant tumors were serous cystadenoma carcinoma 16%.Conclusions: Out of all operated patients 11 (22%) were malignant, 37 (74%) were benign and 2 (%) were borderline tumors. Out of all malignant tumors 8 (72%) were serous cysadenocarcinoma. It is difficult to always differentiate between malignant and benign tumors clinically. Analysis of risk factors and protective factors, thorough abdomino-pelvicbimanual examination, certain features on radiological imaging, presence of ascites and bilaterality, CA125 levels, helps increasing the accuracy of the diagnosis

Outcome of external cephalic version (ECV) in singleton pregnancy with uncomplicated breech presentation at term in a tertiary rural hospital

Background: Breech presentation is the most common malpresentation. The incidence of breech presentation at term is 3-4%. Objective of present study was to evaluate the outcome of external cephalic version (ECV) in singleton pregnancy with uncomplicated breech presentation at term in tertiary rural hospital and to analyze the immediate and ultimate outcome of external cephalic version done in term pregnancy with breech presentation with gestational age ≥37 weeks.Methods: This study was conducted at MIMER Medical college and BSTR Hospital, Talegaon Dabhade. Patients with breech presentation at term were studied over duration of 2½ years. 50 patients with breech presentation ≥37 weeks fulfilling the inclusion criteria underwent External cephalic version (ECV). Further obstetric progress is studied with the perinatal outcome and results were analyzed.Results: ECV was successful in 66% cases, out of which 88% cases had vaginal delivery and 12 % cases had LSCS for obstetric indication. Perinatal outcome was not affected with ECV.Conclusions: ECV at term significantly reduces both the incidence of breech delivery and caesarean section rate for breech delivery. ECV does not adversely affect the maternal and perinatal outcome

Optimal control of wave energy converters

A wave energy converter and method for extracting energy from water waves maximizes the energy extraction per cycle by estimating an excitation force of heave wave motion on the buoy, computing a control force from the estimated excitation force using a dynamic model, and applying the computed control force to the buoy to extract energy from the heave wave motion. Analysis and numerical simulations demonstrate that the optimal control of a heave wave energy converter is, in general, in the form of a bang-singular-bang control; in which the optimal control at a given time can be either in the singular arc mode or in the bang-bang mode. The excitation force and its derivatives at the current time can be obtained through an estimator, for example, using measurements of pressures on the surface of the buoy in addition to measurements of the buoy position. A main advantage of this approximation method is the ease of obtaining accurate measurements for pressure on the buoy surface and for buoy position, compared to wave elevation measurements.https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/patents/1146/thumbnail.jp

Model predictive control of parametric excited pitch-surge modes in wave energy converters

A parametric excitation dynamic model is used for a three degrees-of-freedom (3-DOF) wave energy converter. Since the heave motion is uncoupled from the pitch and surge modes, the pitch-surge equations of motion can be treated as a linear time varying system, or a linear system with parametric excitation. In such case the parametric exciting frequency can be tuned to twice the natural frequency of the system for higher energy harvesting. A parametric excited 3-DOF wave energy converter can harvest more power, for both regular and irregular waves, compared to the linear 3-DOF. For example, in a Bretschneider wave, the harvested energy in the three modes is about 3.8 times the energy harvested in the heave mode alone; while the same device produces about 3.1 times the heave mode energy when using a linear 3-DOF model.https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/patents/1147/thumbnail.jp

Multi-resonant feedback control of multiple degree-of-freedom wave energy converters

Multi-resonant control of a 3 degree-of-freedom (heave-pitch-surge) wave energy converter enables energy capture that can be in the order of three times the energy capture of a heave-only wave energy converter. The invention uses a time domain feedback control strategy that is optimal based on the criteria of complex conjugate control. The multi-resonant control can also be used to shift the harvested energy from one of the coupled modes to another, enabling the elimination of one of the actuators otherwise required in a 3 degree-of-freedom wave energy converter. This feedback control strategy does not require wave prediction; it only requires the measurement of the buoy position and velocity.https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/patents/1149/thumbnail.jp

Novel Electrophilic and Photoaffinity Covalent Probes for Mapping the Cannabinoid 1 Receptor Allosteric Site(s)

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants DA027113 and EY024717 to G.A.T. and DA09158 to A.M. A portion of this work was submitted in 2011 by A. Kulkarni in partial fulfillment of M.S. degree requirements from Northeastern University, Boston, MA.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Male breast cancer

Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease representing less than 1% of all breast cancers (BC) and less than 1% of cancers in men. Age at presentation is mostly in the late 60s. MBC is recognized as an estrogen-driven disease, specifically related to hyperestrogenism. About 20% of MBC patients have family history for BC. Mutations in BRCA1 and, predominantly, BRCA2, account for approximately 10% of MBC cases. Because of its rarity, MBC is often compared with female BC (FBC). Based on age-frequency distribution, age-specific incidence rate patterns and prognostic factors profiles, MBC is considered similar to late-onset, postmenopausal estrogen/progesterone receptor positive (ER+/PR+) FBC. However, clinical and pathological characteristics of MBC do not exactly overlap FBC. Compared with FBC, MBC has been reported to occur later in life, present at a higher stage, and display lower histologic grade, with a higher proportion of ER+ and PR+ tumors. Although rare, MBC remains a substantial cause for morbidity and mortality in men, probably because of its occurrence in advanced age and delayed diagnosis. Diagnosis and treatment of MBC generally is similar to that of FBC. Men tend to be treated with mastectomy rather than breast-conserving surgery. The backbone of adjuvant therapy or palliative treatment for advanced disease is endocrine, mostly tamoxifen. Use of FBC-based therapy led to the observation that treatment outcomes for MBC are worse and that survival rates for MBC do not improve like FBC. These different outcomes may suggest a non-appropriate utilization of treatments and that different underlying pathogenetic mechanisms may exist between male and female BC

Continuous Manufacturing of Cocrystals Using Solid State Shear Milling Technology

yesSolid state shear milling (S3M) is reported as a scalable, continuous, polymer-assisted cocrystallization technique. A specially designed milling pan was employed to provide high levels of applied shear, and the addition of a polymeric processing aid enabled generation of high stress fields. Carbamazepine–salicylic acid cocrystals were produced with 5–25 wt % of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). A systematic study was carried out to understand the effect of process variables on properties and performance of the cocrystals. S3M offers an important new route for continuous manufacturing of pharmaceutical cocrystals