Metropolitan Contexts for Community Initiatives: Contrasts in a Turbulent Decade

Analyzes demographic, social, and poverty data and 2000-10 changes in the economies and housing markets of fourteen metropolitan areas to inform Casey's strategies for reinvesting in initiatives including rehabilitation and minimizing vacancies

Dye Tracing and the Effects of Infrastructure in Hidden River Cave, Horse Cave, KY

Hidden River Cave is a stream cave system found in Horse Cave, KY with continuous water flow of its two branches, Wheet River and East River. The infrastructure of the city of Hose Cave, KY was originally designed to utilize natural sinkholes for drainage of all wastewaters. The city uses many of these, now modified, sinkholes for wastewater disposal and storm water drainage. Historically, Hidden River Cave has been severely impacted by unmonitored dumping of contamination. To better understand and identify specific flow paths from sinkholes and infrastructure into Hidden River Cave, this study documented various sinkholes and other infrastructure, such as storm drains, sewer systems, and other undocumented pipes, that could send water from the surface to Hidden River Cave. The study focused on using fluorescent dyes injected into four sites in order to document how the water carrying these dyes moved through the cave system. These dyes were identified using charcoal dye receptors placed at six locations within Hidden River Cave. Additionally, passage cross-sections of two major branches of the cave were measured, while depth and velocity measurements were taken to calculate the discharge of the river in these branches of the cave. Dye trace results identified two flow paths and hypothesized a small groundwater basin based on the detection of various dyes within the cave from multiple injection sites. Discharge results appear to agree with the flow path interpretation derived from the dye traces. The most significant findings of this research include: 1) identifying multiple flow paths from various injection points, 2) determining the relationship between discharge of the Wheet River and East River in Hidden River Cave, and 3) hypothesizing a flow route based on a lack of detection from a previously unidentified injection point. These findings improve the understanding of the relationship between surface water catchment in the city of Horse Cave and the flow into Hidden River Cave

Contribution and Indemnity among Tortfeasors

Contribution and Indemnity Among Tortfeasor

Common Law Liability of Liquor Vendors

Common Law Liability of Liquor Vendor

Common Law Liability of Liquor Vendors

Common Law Liability of Liquor Vendor

A Classification of Minimal Sets of Torus Homeomorphisms

We provide a classification of minimal sets of homeomorphisms of the two-torus, in terms of the structure of their complement. We show that this structure is exactly one of the following types: (1) a disjoint union of topological disks, or (2) a disjoint union of essential annuli and topological disks, or (3) a disjoint union of one doubly essential component and bounded topological disks. Periodic bounded disks can only occur in type 3. This result provides a framework for more detailed investigations, and additional information on the torus homeomorphism allows to draw further conclusions. In the non-wandering case, the classification can be significantly strengthened and we obtain that a minimal set other than the whole torus is either a periodic orbit, or the orbit of a periodic circloid, or the extension of a Cantor set. Further special cases are given by torus homeomorphisms homotopic to an Anosov, in which types 1 and 2 cannot occur, and the same holds for homeomorphisms homotopic to the identity with a rotation set which has non-empty interior. If a non-wandering torus homeomorphism has a unique and totally irrational rotation vector, then any minimal set other than the whole torus has to be the extension of a Cantor set.Comment: Published in Mathematische Zeitschrift, June 2013, Volume 274, Issue 1-2, pp 405-42

Toward a better understanding of self-construal theory: an agency view of the processes of self-construal

This article offers a novel perspective on self-construal theory. Self-construal concerns how individuals understand who they are in relation to the broad set of cultural influences in which they live. We look at the nature and antecedents of self-construal, and characterize it as a self-process, rather than self-knowledge. Integrating work from the literature on social and evolutionary psychology, and philosophy, we suggest that the differences between independent and interdependent self-construal are best understood from a self-agency perspective. This concerns how people assess whether they are the causes of an action and, if so, whether their causal role depends on other people. We introduce and discuss the roles of 3 different modalities of agency involved in self-agency assessment: implicit (sensorimotor), intermediate (self-related affordances), and explicit (reflective) self-agency. We offer a conceptual model on how self-agency relates to power, evolutionary motivations and to social and cultural affordances, in the formation of, and interaction with, different types of dominant independent and interdependent self-construals

Structure and tribological performance of diamond-like carbon based coatings for aerospace component processing

Copyright @ 2009 The Surface Science Society of JapanThis work examines diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) as an environmentally friendly alternative to chromium plating in restoration of worn or damaged aircraft components. DLC coatings offer superior mechanical properties; however, high internal stresses and poor adhesion can prevent the deposition of thick films. This work examines a series of layered structures based on epoxy-resin interlayers with DLC applied as a surface film. Wear testing and examination with scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy lead to the development of an optimum DLC/epoxy system with wear characteristics superior to those of chromium-plated steel. This new coating system has a great potential in restoring aircraft components in a more efficient and environmentally friendly manner.This work is funded via the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)

Ultrastructural tumour differentiation and organ specificity in high and low metastatic lines from a mouse lung carcinoma.

A tissue culture cell line CMT64 was established from a spontaneous alveolar lung carcinoma of a C57BL female mouse (Franks et al., 1976). Subcutaneous inoculation of these cells produced a local tumour and a small number of lung metastases. Four sublines CMT167, 170, 175 and 181 with increased metastatic ability were selected, as described in the accompanying paper (Layton & Franks, 1984). The tissue culture cells and the tumours produced by all the lines are well differentiated and produce laminated surfactant-like bodies as well as basal lamina, even in metastases. No ultrastructural differences were found that might correlate with metastatic behaviour in vivo. Metastases, after subcutaneous inoculation and tumour colonies after intravenous inoculation of all cell lines are only found in the lung, but after inoculation of cells into the arterial system via the left ventricle of the heart, extravascular tumour colonies were found in many organs

Heterogeneity in a spontaneous mouse lung carcinoma: selection and characterisation of stable metastatic variants.

The development and characterisation of a new epithelial model for the experimental investigation of metastasis is described. A tissue culture cell line CMT64 was established from a spontaneous alveolar lung carcinoma of a 17 month old female C57BL/ICRF at mouse (Franks et al., 1976). Subcutaneous inoculation of cells produces local tumours which give rise to a small number of lung metastases within three weeks. Four different tissue culture sublines CMT167, 170, 175 and 181 with increased metastatic ability were selected from pooled lung metastases by culture, mouse inoculation and reselection from lung metastases through four culture/inoculation cycles. These sublines are themselves heterogeneous and clones derived from them display marked differences in metastatic behaviour. Both CMT64 and its sublines have remained relatively stable in morphology and behavior since their origin, are fairly well differentiated, produce basal lamina even in metastases, and metastasise rapidly and preferentially to the lung after subcutaneous and intravenous inoculation in both syngeneic C57 and Nu/Nu mice (Franks & Layton, 1984). The expression of the metastatic potential of these cells is strongly influenced by the age and immune status of the host. The CMT64 system is a particularly useful model for experimental metastasis studies