No-err typing aids

Device for aligning paper in typewriter to correct one letter or line of type is discussed. Two types of correcting devices are described and illustrations of the devices are provided

Photon Splitting and Pair Conversion in Strong Magnetic Fields

The magnetospheres of neutron stars provide a valuable testing ground for as-yet unverified theoretical predictions of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in strong electromagnetic fields. Exhibiting magnetic field strengths well in excess of a TeraGauss, such compact astrophysical environments permit the action of exotic mechanisms that are forbidden by symmetries in field-free regions. Foremost among these processes are single-photon pair creation, where a photon converts to an electron-positron pair, and magnetic photon splitting, where a single photon divides into two of lesser energy via the coupling to the external field. The pair conversion process is exponentially small in weak fields, and provides the leading order contribution to vacuum polarization. In contrast, photon splitting possesses no energy threshold and can operate in kinematic regimes where the lower order pair conversion is energetically forbidden. This paper outlines some of the key physical aspects of these processes, and highlights their manifestation in neutron star magnetospheres. Anticipated observational signatures include profound absorption turnovers in pulsar spectra at gamma-ray wavelengths. The shapes of these turnovers provide diagnostics on the possible action of pair creation and the geometrical locale of the photon emission region. There is real potential for the first confirmation of strong field QED with the new GLAST mission, to be launched by NASA in 2008. Suppression of pair creation by photon splitting and its implications for pulsars is also discussed.Comment: 18 pages, 3 embedded figures, invited review, to appear in Proc. CASYS '07 Conference "Computing Anticipatory Systems," eds. D. Dubois, et al. (AIP Conf. Proc., New York, 2008

Guide for a typewriter

The invention relates to accessories for typewriters, and more particularly to an improved guide for use in aligning a sheet of paper preparatory to an application of typed indicia to selected spaces. The device includes an aligning plate pivotally mounted on a line guide having formed therein a plurality of aligned apertures. The plate is so positioned that an aperture is positioned immediately above a target area for a type slug so that a slug will imprint a character in selected spaces

Global Fits of the CKM Matrix

We report upon the present status of global fits to Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures invited talk presented at EPS conference, Aachen July 17-2

Better Actions

We explain why compact U(1) confines and how to fix it. We show that plaquettes of negative trace carry most of the confinement signal in compact SU(2). We show how to perform noncompact gauge-invariant simulations without auxiliary fields. We suggest a way to simulate fermions without doublers.Comment: Talk presented at LATTICE96(algorithms), 4 pages, Latex, espcrc2, picte

Abundance of local actions for the vacuum Einstein equations

We exhibit large classes of local actions for the vacuum Einstein equations. In presence of fermions, or more generally of matter which couple to the connection, these actions lead to inequivalent equations revealing an arbitrary number of parameters. Even in the pure gravitational sector, any corresponding quantum theory would depend on these parameters.Comment: 10 pages. Final version to appear in Letters in Mathematical Physic