The use of imaging systems to monitor shoreline dynamics

The development of imaging systems is nowadays established as one of the most powerful and reliable tools for monitoring beach morphodynamics. Two different techniques for shoreline detection are presented here and, in one case, applied to the study of beach width oscillations on a sandy beach (Pauanui Beach, New Zealand). Results indicate that images can provide datasets whose length and sample interval are accurate enough to resolve inter-annual and seasonal oscillations, and long-term trends. Similarly, imaging systems can be extremely useful in determining the statistics of rip current occurrence. Further improvements in accuracy and reliability are expected with the recent introduction of digital systems

Understanding Health Literacy for People Living With HIV: Locations of Learning.

Health literacy, including people's abilities to access, process, and comprehend health-related information, has become an important component in the management of complex and chronic diseases such as HIV infection. Clinical measures of health literacy that focus on patients' abilities to follow plans of care ignore the multidimensionality of health literacy. Our thematic analysis of 28 focus groups from a qualitative, multisite, multinational study exploring information practices of people living with HIV (PLWH) demonstrated the importance of location as a dimension of health literacy. Clinical care and conceptual/virtual locations (media/Internet and research studies) were used by PLWH to learn about HIV and how to live successfully with HIV. Nonclinical spaces where PLWH could safely discuss issues such as disclosure and life problems were noted. Expanding clinical perspectives of health literacy to include location, assessing the what and where of learning, and trusted purveyors of knowledge could help providers improve patient engagement in care

A new Methodology for achieving MMIC Bandpass Active Filters at High Frequencies

This paper presents a new methodology based on actively coupled resonators, for achieving microwave active filters. In this method, which lends itself to narrowband and wideband filtering applications, we associate core cells with different resonance frequencies, adjusted separately, to synthesise a Butterworth, Chebyshev or other all-pole approximation. Two 1-pole bandpass filters centred at 9GHz, with 3dB bandwidth of 500 MHz, high gain of 17 dB and 21 dB, including a very low-noise active filter which exhibits a noise figure of 1.7 dB are realised in a first part. A 3-pole bandpass filter centred at 12GHz is also presented to validate this method, it has a gain of 15.5 dB ± 0.2 over a 1.5 GHz bandwidth and rejections better than 60 dB at 7 GHz and 18 GHz

Protein status modulates the activity of reward system in response to protein intake

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Peripherally injected cholecystokinin-induced neuronal activation is modified by dietary composition in mice

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term nutrient intake on the central response to the anorexigenic gut hormone CCK. C57BL/6 mice were fed one of three diets for 6 weeks: standard high carbohydrate (HC), high fat (HF), or high protein (HP). Assessment of brain response to cholecystokinin (CCK) by manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) showed a reduction in neuronal activity both in an appetite-related area (ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus) and areas associated with reward (nucleus accumbens and striatum) regardless of diet. When comparing diet effects, while the HF diet did not induce any change in activity, reductions in MEMRI-associated signal were found in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) when comparing the HP to the HC diet. In addition, a significant interaction was found between CCK administration and the HF diet, shown by an increased activation in the PVN, which suggests a decrease the inhibiting action of CCK. Our results put forward that the long-term intake of an HP diet leads to a reduction in basal hypothalamic activation while a high-fat diet leads to desensitization to CCK-induced effects in the hypothalamus

L’accès à de l’eau sucrée a des conséquences délétères mais réversibles, plus marquées chez la souris prédisposée à l’obésité que chez la souris résistante

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O18: La texture de la nourriture affecte la satiété et les mécanismes centraux de la prise alimentaire chez l’homme : étude par IRM fonctionnelle

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Ibotenic acid lesion of the anterior piriform cortex does not increase high-protein diet intake in rats

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