2,172 research outputs found
The fish fauna of the Iwokrama Forest
Fishes were collected from the rivers in and around the Iwokrama Forest during January-February and November-December 1997. Four hundred species of fish were recorded from forty families in ten orders. Many of these fishes are newly recorded from Guyana and several are thought to be endemic. The number of species recorded for the area is surprising given the low level of effort and suggests that this area may be particularly important from a fish diversity perspective. This paper focuses on species of particular interest from a management perspective including those considered economically important, rare or endangered. The paper is also the basis for developing fisheries management systems in the Iwokrama Forest and Rupununi Wetlands
First Lattice Study of the - Transition Form Factors
Experiments at Jefferson Laboratory, MIT-Bates, LEGS, Mainz, Bonn, GRAAL, and
Spring-8 offer new opportunities to understand in detail how nucleon resonance
() properties emerge from the nonperturbative aspects of QCD. Preliminary
data from CLAS collaboration, which cover a large range of photon virtuality
show interesting behavior with respect to dependence: in the region
, both the transverse amplitude, , and the
longitudinal amplitude, , decrease rapidly. In this work, we
attempt to use first-principles lattice QCD (for the first time) to provide a
model-independent study of the Roper-nucleon transition form factor.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, double colum
Spinning down newborn neutron stars: nonlinear development of the r-mode instability
We model the nonlinear saturation of the r-mode instability via three-mode
couplings and the effects of the instability on the spin evolution of young
neutron stars. We include one mode triplet consisting of the r-mode and two
near resonant inertial modes that couple to it. We find that the spectrum of
evolutions is more diverse than previously thought. The evolution of the star
is dynamic and initially dominated by fast neutrino cooling. Nonlinear effects
become important when the r-mode amplitude grows above its first parametric
instability threshold. The balance between neutrino cooling and viscous heating
plays an important role in the evolution. Depending on the initial r-mode
amplitude, and on the strength of the viscosity and of the cooling this balance
can occur at different temperatures. If thermal equilibrium occurs on the
r-mode stability curve, where gravitational driving equals viscous damping, the
evolution may be adequately described by a one-mode model. Otherwise, nonlinear
effects are important and lead to various more complicated scenarios. Once
thermal balance occurs, the star spins-down oscillating between thermal
equilibrium states until the instability is no longer active. For lower
viscosity we observe runaway behavior in which the r-mode amplitude passes
several parametric instability thresholds. In this case more modes need to be
included to model the evolution accurately. In the most optimistic case, we
find that gravitational radiation from the r-mode instability in a very young,
fast spinning neutron star within about 1 Mpc of Earth may be detectable by
advanced LIGO for years, and perhaps decades, after formation. Details
regarding the amplitude and duration of the emission depend on the internal
dissipation of the modes of the star, which would be probed by such detections.Comment: 23 pages, 13 figures, 1 table. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D.
Detectability discussion expanded. Includes referee inpu
Beyond the Mean Field Approximation for Spin Glasses
We study the d-dimensional random Ising model using a Bethe-Peierls
approximation in the framework of the replica method. We take into account the
correct interaction only inside replicated clusters of spins. Our ansatz is
that the interaction of the borders of the clusters with the external world can
be described via an effective interaction among replicas. The Bethe-Peierls
model is mapped into a single Ising model with a random gaussian field, whose
strength (related to the effective coupling between two replicas) is determined
via a self-consistency equation. This allows us to obtain analytic estimates of
the internal energy and of the critical temperature in d dimensions.Comment: plane TeX file,19 pages. 3 figures may be requested to Paladin at
axscaq.aquila.infn.i
COST-S: a new methodology and tools for sewerage asset management based on whole life costs
This is the final version of the article. Freely available from IWA Publishing via the link in this record.This paper discusses the development of a methodology and software tools aimed at
assisting management decisions in order to provide acceptable performance at a
minimum cost over the whole life of the sewerage system. Whole Life Costing (WLC)
approaches have been shown to offer an ideal platform to provide investment and
operational management tools that take account of the timing of interventions, system
behaviour and performance all within a sensible economic and engineering framework.
The need for such a methodology and the requirements for its useful implementation
are introduced first. The paper then describes how research collaboration between the
UK Water Industry and two UK research centres (Centre for Water Systems at Exeter
University and Pennine Water Group at Universities of Sheffield and Bradford), and
supported by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council grant,
resulted in an innovative, practical and auditable methodology with associated tools for
better proactive management of ageing and rapidly deteriorating sewerage systems.The authors would like to
acknowledge the generous support of
EPSRC (Project No.GR/M16122/01
and GR/R98617/01) as well as that of
the industrial collaborators;AWG,
Northumbrian Water,Thames Water
Services,United Utilities and Yorkshire
Water Services
Finite-Size Scaling of the Domain Wall Entropy Distributions for the 2D Ising Spin Glass
The statistics of domain walls for ground states of the 2D Ising spin glass
with +1 and -1 bonds are studied for square lattices with , and = 0.5, where is the fraction of negative bonds, using periodic
and/or antiperiodic boundary conditions. When is even, almost all domain
walls have energy = 0 or 4. When is odd, most domain walls have
= 2. The probability distribution of the entropy, , is found
to depend strongly on . When , the probability distribution
of is approximately exponential. The variance of this distribution
is proportional to , in agreement with the results of Saul and Kardar. For
the distribution of is not symmetric about zero. In
these cases the variance still appears to be linear in , but the average of
grows faster than . This suggests a one-parameter scaling
form for the -dependence of the distributions of for .Comment: 13 page
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