Dynamics and configurations of galaxy triplets

The purpose is to infer the probable dynamical states of galaxy triplets by the observed data on their configurations. Two methods are proposed for describing the distributions of the triplet configuration parameters characterizing a tendency to alignment and hierarchy: (1) obtaining a representative sample of configurations and determining its statistical parameters (moments and percentages); and (2) dividing the region of possible configurations of triple systems (Agekian and Anosova, 1967) into a set of segments and finding the probabilities for the configurations to find themselves in each of them. Both these methods allow representation of the data by numerical simulations as well as observations. The effect of projection was studied. It rather overestimates the alignment and hierarchy of the triple systems. Among the parameters of interest there are found some parameters that are least sensitive to projection effects. The samples consist of simulated galaxy triplets (with hidden mass) as well as of 46 probably physical triple galaxies (Karachentseva et al., 1979). The observed triples as well as numerical models show a tendency to alignment. The triple galaxies do not show any tendency to hierarchy (formation of the temporary binaries), but this tendency may be present for simulated triplets without significant dark matter. The significant hidden mass (of order ten times the total mass of a triplet) decreases the probability of forming a binary and so weakens the hierarchy. Small galaxy groups consisting of 3 to 7 members are probably the most prevalent types of galaxy aggregate (Gorbatsky, 1987). Galaxy triplets are the simplest groups, but dynamically nontrivial ones

Accessing Nuclear Structure for Field Emission, in Lens, Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEISEM)

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has had a shorter time course in biology than conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) but has nevertheless produced a wealth of images that have significantly complemented our perception of biological structure and function from TEM information. By its nature, SEM is a surface imaging technology, and its impact at the subcellular level has been restricted by the considerably reduced resolution in conventional SEM in comparison to TEM. This restriction has been removed by the recent advent of high-brightness sources used in lensfield emission instruments (FEISEM) which have produced resolution of around 1 nanometre, which is not usually a limiting figure for biological material. This communication reviews our findings in the use of FEISEM in the imaging of nuclear surfaces, then associated structures, such as nuclear pore complexes, and the relationships of these structures with cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic elements. High resolution SEM allows the structurally orientated cell biologist to visualise, directly and in three dimensions, subcellular structure and its modulation with a view to understanding its functional significance. Clearly, intracellular surfaces require separation from surrounding structural elements in vivo to allow surface imaging, and we review a combination of biochemical and mechanical isolation methods for nuclear surfaces

Study on the influence of the magnetron power supply on the properties of the silicon nitride films

Silicon nitride (Si3N4) films were deposited by magnetron sputtering of silicon target in (Ar+N2) atmosphere with refractive index 1.95 - 2.05. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry showed Si-N bonds in the thin films with concentration 2.41·1023 - 3.48·1023 cm-3. Dependences of deposition rate, optical characteristics and surface morphology on rate of N2 flow and properties of magnetron power supply

Clinical and methodological aspects in the diagnosis of magnesium deficiency in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Aim. To determine magnesium deficiency in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using a comprehensive clinical and laboratory approach. Methods. The prospective cohort study included 35 patients of the cardiology department of the Medical association «Novaya bolnitsa». The main group consisted of 22 patients with frequently recurrent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, the control group - 13 patients without cardiac arrhythmias. The clinical status, Holter-monitoring of the electrocardiogram, the results of the clinical test for magnesium deficiency, laboratory parameters of calcium, magnesium in blood plasma and formed elements, magnesium in whole blood, free fatty acids and plasma osmolarity were evaluated. Results. The clinical score of magnesium deficiency was significantly higher in patients from the main group compared to the control [16.5 (11÷21) vs 13 (8÷15), p <0.001]. In the main group, there was a decrease of magnesium in the whole blood [0.55 (0.5÷0.59) vs 0.61 (0.58÷0.54), p=0.002] and inside the blood cells [0.68 (0.53÷1.29) vs 1.38 (1.29÷1.44), p <0.001]. In patients with atrial fibrillation there is a shift of the ratio of calcium to magnesium in blood plasma [2.5 (2.5÷3) vs 2.9 (2.8÷3.15), p=0.029] and intracellularly [4.85 (2.62÷9.3) vs 1.7 (1.4÷1.95), p=0.002]. The redistribution of calcium and magnesium is influenced not only by the initial concentration of cations, but also by free fatty acids. The best redistribution was obtained when the concentration of free fatty acids was 900 µmol/l, magnesium 1 mmol/l, and calcium 3 mmol/l, which is consistent with the optimal value of cations in the blood plasma. Conclusion. Patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation had a significantly lower magnesium content in whole blood and inside the blood cells; magnesium concentration in the cells and in whole blood closely correlated with the results of the clinical test for evaluating magnesium deficiency; intracellular magnesium content can be influenced by the complexing interaction with free fatty acids

HUMUS GAZHEVYH FLOODPLAIN SOILS OF SOUTHERN PRIANGARYE

In the South Angara Region in special conditions formed gazhevye soil. They inherited soil from carbonate rocks and groundwater. Soil- matter rocks are represented by the Upper Cambrian dolomite and gypsum. These soils are characterized by a high content of gypsum in gazhevyh horizons. On the content of soil organic matter are nizkogumusnym and-moderate soils

МЕТОДИКА ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ИЗОТОПНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ Cu И Zn МЕТОДОМ МК ИСП-МС С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ СМОЛЫ AG MP-1

The isotopic composition of copper is of great interest for researchers in various fields of science, geochemistry and hydrology in particular, wherein the consideration is being given to the variations in the isotopic composition of the Earth's crust, extraterrestrial matter, and water basins, as well as to the origin and transfer of matter. Zn isotopes appear to be promising for identifying the sources and pathways of the environmental pollution. The aim of this study involves the refinement and validation of the zinc and copper isotopic ratio determination methodology covering the whole process from sample digestion to MC ICP-MS measurements. For this reason, as well as to assess the suitability of the methodology for the analysis of environmental samples, Zn and Cu isotopic analysis of the BHVO-2, BCR-2 and AGV2 USGS certified reference materials has been performed. The method for determination of Cu and Zn stable isotope ratios by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in environmental samples is developed. The application of the AG MP1 resin with optimized layer parameters (resin bed height 3.5 cm, diameter 1 cm) provides the highpurity Cu and Zn fractions. The method is characterized by high throughput and adequate analytical figures of merit when using the standardsample bracketing technique for mass bias correction. The procedural blanks related to chemical dissolution and ion exchange procedures are lower than 1 and 3 ng for Cu and Zn, respectively, assuring no blank effect on the isotopic composition of samples. The accuracy and precision obtained for Cu and Zn isotope measurements in the BHVO2, BCR2 and AGV2 geological certified reference materials demonstrate good agreement with the reference values published. © 2022 Institute of the Earth's Crust. All rights reserved.ААААА181180530900458; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: 075-15-2021-680; Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 18-77-10024The work of Okuneva T.G. is supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project 18-77-10024), the rest authors are supported by the state assignment of the IGG UB RAS ААААА181180530900458. Isotopic analyses are performed at the "Geoanalitik" Shared Research Facilities of the IGG UB RAS. The reequipment and comprehensive development of the "Geoanalitik" Shared Research Facilities of the IGG UB RAS is financially supported by the grant of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Agreement 075-15-2021-680).authors are supported by the state assignment of the IGG UB RAS ААААА 猃?猃猃稃爃眃甃爃笃爃爃瘃?稁 Isotopic analyses are performed at the 㘀Geoanalitik ? Shared Research Facilities of the IGG UB RAS. The reequipment and comprehensive development of the 㘀Geoanalitik 㘀 Shared Research Facilities of the IGG UB RAS is 퀀inancially supported by the grant of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Agreement 075-15-2021-680).FUNDING: The work of Okuneva T.G. is supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project 18-77-10024), the res

THE METHOD FOR Cu AND Zn ISOTOPE RATIO DETERMINATION BY MC ICP-MS USING THE AG MP-1 RESIN

The isotopic composition of copper is of great interest for researchers in various fields of science, geochemistry and hydrology in particular, wherein the consideration is being given to the variations in the isotopic composition of the Earth’s crust, extraterrestrial matter, and water basins, as well as to the origin and transfer of matter. Zn isotopes appear to be promising for identifying the sources and pathways of the environmental pollution. The aim of this study involves the refinement and validation of the zinc and copper isotopic ratio determination methodology covering the whole process from sample digestion to MC ICP-MS measurements. For this reason, as well as to assess the suitability of the methodology for the analysis of environmental samples, Zn and Cu isotopic analysis of the BHVO-2, BCR-2 and AGV-2 USGS certified reference materials has been performed. The method for determination of Cu and Zn stable isotope ratios by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in environmental samples is developed. The application of the AG MP-1 resin with optimized layer parameters (resin bed height 3.5 cm, diameter 1 cm) provides the high-purity Cu and Zn fractions. The method is characterized by high throughput and adequate analytical figures of merit when using the standard-sample bracketing technique for mass bias correction. The procedural blanks related to chemical dissolution and ion exchange procedures are lower than 1 and 3 ng for Cu and Zn, respectively, assuring no blank effect on the isotopic composition of samples. The accuracy and precision obtained for Cu and Zn isotope measurements in the BHVO-2, BCR-2 and AGV-2 geological certified reference materials demonstrate good agreement with the reference values published

Patterns of Forming the Urban Surface Deposited Sediments

The contemporary sedimentation processes participate in the formation of fluxes of the solid substances in an urban area, forming together a source of pollution, transit and depositing media. The patterns of forming the urban surface deposited sediments were determined on the example of Russian metropolis Nizhny Novgorod. Two schemes of the research were implemented in residential districts of the city in the summer field season 2018. The first research design scheme represented a detailed survey of residential quarters of the city. It included a collection of 25 samples of environmental compartments from five residential quarters with multi-storey buildings. The sampling was conducted in various functional landscape parts at the courtyard and facade areas. Each sample was separated into particle size fractions. Chemical and mineral analysis was performed in each granulometric subsample of the collected samples. The second scheme represented the urban geochemical study based on sampling the sediments from local surface depressed zones of microrelief in the city. The 40 samples were collected at the territory of the city on an irregular grid. The sampling was carried out in residential areas in blocks with multi-storey buildings. One sample represented a combined sample of sediments from local surface zones of microrelief by 3-5 localizations from the area of the block. Chemical analysis of the collected samples was conducted. The maximum content of dust (0.002-0.01 mm) 39% was found in soil, while the lower mean dust content was found in the samples of sediment from local surface depressed zones of microrelief (30 %) and in the road deposited sediments (30 %). The mineral composition of soil and sediment in Nizhny Novgorod is represented by quartz sand (approx. 55 %). In the samples of sediments, the minerals' content is basically characteristic for acid and metasomatic rocks. Building materials' content in the sediments reaches up to 20%. The maximum organic matter content was found in fine dust fraction 2-10 microns 21% in soils and 5% on the roads. Differentiation of the mineral content in the samples is observed for the various particle size fractions and different functional parts of the quarters. The highest content of metals of anthropogenic association (such as Pb, Zn and Cu) was found in the dust fraction. The Pb and Zn concentrations in samples of sediment of depressed areas of microrelief and road dust were significantly lower than in the soil. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 18-77-10024The study was supported by Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 18-77-10024)

High Resolution Images of Orbital Motion in the Trapezium Cluster: First Scientific Results from the MMT Deformable Secondary Mirror Adaptive Optics System

We present the first scientific images obtained with a deformable secondary mirror adaptive optics system. We utilized the 6.5m MMT AO system to produce high-resolution (FWHM=0.07'') near infrared (1.6 um) images of the young (~1 Myr) Orion Trapezium theta 1 Ori cluster members. A combination of high spatial resolution and high signal to noise allowed the positions of these stars to be measured to within ~0.003'' accuracies. Including previous speckle data (Weigelt et al. 1999), we analyze a six year baseline of high-resolution observations of this cluster. Over this baseline we are sensitive to relative proper motions of only ~0.002''/yr (4.2 km/s at 450 pc). At such sensitivities we detect orbital motion in the very tight theta 1 Ori B2B3 (52 AU separation) and theta 1 Ori A1A2 (94 AU separation) systems. Such motions are consistent with those independently observed by Schertl et al. (2003) with speckle interferometry, giving us confidence that these very small (~0.002''/yr) orbital motions are real. All five members of the theta 1 Ori B system appear likely gravitationally bound. The very lowest mass member of the theta 1 Ori B system (B4) has K' ~11.66 and an estimated mass of ~0.2 Msun. There was very little motion (4+/-15 km/s) detected of B4 w.r.t B1 or B2, hence B4 is possibly part of the theta 1 Ori B group. We suspect that if this very low mass member is physically associated it most likely is in an unstable (non-hierarchical) orbital position and will soon be ejected from the group. The theta 1 Ori B system appears to be a good example of a star formation ``mini-cluster'' which may eject the lowest mass members of the cluster in the near future. This ``ejection'' process could play a major role in the formation of low mass stars and brown dwarfs.Comment: To appear in the December 10, 2003 issue of the Astrophysical Journal 21 pages, 14 figures (some in color, but print OK in B&W