PROFESSIONAL CONSULTING, PLANNING AND DESIGN OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FACE OF INCREASING UNCERTAINTIES AND RISKS

The article reveals features of the ongoing transformations in the field of consulting, planning and design in the field of regional development in the face of increasing uncertainties and risks, primarily related to climate change and biodiversity loss. It shows that the very basis of such work is significantly changing, as the world-system becomes more complex, during the transition from the concept of an “empty” world to a “full” world. This change includes increasing emphasis on ensuring the resilience of human-dominated ecosystems, a change in decision-making, using behavioral a “responsible” human model that best meets the needs of inclusive sustainable development.The authors define features of consulting, planning and design of regional development in the face of increasing uncertainties and risks, as a special type of thinking activity, in a situation of approaching radical uncertainty. The article shows the necessity of supplementing natural science approaches with the tools and practices of post-normal science and the narrative theory of beliefs, as well as the ideas of K. Friston, implemented within his dynamic causal model.Such an approach is based on a systematic approach to decision-making in regional development and pays special attention to the adaptation of individuals and communities to high risks and uncertainties, primarily climatic and natural. It helps to better reflect the diversity of geographical conditions, to clarify the range of effective solutions for sustainable development of regions and increase the long-term resilience of business

Invariant metrics and Hamiltonian Systems

Via a non degenerate symmetric bilinear form we identify the coadjoint representation with a new representation and so we induce on the orbits a simplectic form. By considering Hamiltonian systems on the orbits we study some features of them and finally find commuting functions under the corresponding Lie-Poisson bracketComment: 16 pages corrected typos, changed contents (Prop. 3.4 and Theorem in Section 3

RISK MANAGEMENT ALGORITHM FOR ENSURING THE SANITARY SAFETY OF THE POPULATION IN THE AREA OF THE OIL REFINERY

The article reveals the main features and characteristics of the algorithm of actions to ensure environmental safety of the population in the areas of oil refineries based on the mechanism of health risk assessment at all stages of the life cycle of environmentally hazardous production facilities. Methodologically, the algorithm implements the provisions of existing standards, regulatory documents and recommendations on health risk assessment of the population and is a sequence of procedures for making informed decisions on ensuring that health risk to the population exposed to potential negative environmental impacts meets the regulatory level. Application of the algorithm ensures compliance with the regulatory level of environmental impacts on the border of the sanitary protection zone of oil refineries and adjacent residential areas.A special emphasis is made on the stages of design and operation of environmentally hazardous objects, when the level of created health risks is especially sensitive to the results of decisions made. Timely identification of hazards and assessment of health risks at the design stage helps to choose the location of environmentally hazardous facilities, considering created risks in specific industrial and urban conditions. At the operation stage, the areas with highest risk levels of the sanitary protection zone boundary and the industrial site are identified, as well as priority production facilities and chemical toxicants (in terms of created risks). This gives a reason for adjusting the programs of industrial and environmental control, for specifying the priority of investment programs and plans of environmental protection measures. In practical terms the specific features of actions in conditions of high risks are defined to ensure the health risk meets the regulatory level in functioning of environmentally hazardous oil refining object, avoiding significant financial environmental costs as a result of making ecologically insufficiently justified planning and technological decisions at the design stage. The algorithm is universal, because it can be used for the existing production facilities and new construction projects, regardless of industry specifics

确保炼油厂附近居人群的环境安全的风险管理算法

The article reveals the main features and characteristics of the algorithm of actions to ensure environmental safety of the population in the areas of oil refineries based on the mechanism of health risk assessment at all stages of the life cycle of environmentally hazardous production facilities. Methodologically, the algorithm implements the provisions of existing standards, regulatory documents and recommendations on health risk assessment of the population and is a sequence of procedures for making informed decisions on ensuring that health risk to the population exposed to potential negative environmental impacts meets the regulatory level. Application of the algorithm ensures compliance with the regulatory level of environmental impacts on the border of the sanitary protection zone of oil refineries and adjacent residential areas.A special emphasis is made on the stages of design and operation of environmentally hazardous objects, when the level of created health risks is especially sensitive to the results of decisions made. Timely identification of hazards and assessment of health risks at the design stage helps to choose the location of environmentally hazardous facilities, considering created risks in specific industrial and urban conditions. At the operation stage, the areas with highest risk levels of the sanitary protection zone boundary and the industrial site are identified, as well as priority production facilities and chemical toxicants (in terms of created risks). This gives a reason for adjusting the programs of industrial and environmental control, for specifying the priority of investment programs and plans of environmental protection measures. In practical terms the specific features of actions in conditions of high risks are defined to ensure the health risk meets the regulatory level in functioning of environmentally hazardous oil refining object, avoiding significant financial environmental costs as a result of making ecologically insufficiently justified planning and technological decisions at the design stage. The algorithm is universal, because it can be used for the existing production facilities and new construction projects, regardless of industry specifics. В статье раскрываются основные черты и особенности алгоритма действий по обеспечению экологической безопасности населения, проживающего в районах размещения предприятий нефтепереработки, на основе механизма оценки рисков здоровью на всех этапах жизненного цикла экологически опасных производственных объектов. Методологически алгоритм реализует положения действующих стандартов, нормативных и рекомендательных документов по оценке риска здоровью населения и представляет собой набор последовательных процедур принятия обоснованных решений по обеспечению нормативного показателя остаточного риска здоровью населения, подверженного потенциальному негативному экологическому воздействию. Применение алгоритма обеспечивает соблюдение нормативного уровня экологических воздействий на границе санитарно-защитной зоны предприятий нефтепереработки и на прилегающих жилых территориях.Особый акцент делается на этапы проектирования и эксплуатации экологически опасного объекта, когда уровень создаваемых рисков здоровью особенно чувствителен к результатам принимаемых решений. Благодаря своевременным идентификации опасностей и оценке рисков здоровью на этапе проектирования уточняется расположение проектируемых экологически опасных установок с учетом их рискогенности в конкретных производственных и градостроительных условиях. На этапе эксплуатации выявляются наиболее рискогенно-опасные участки границы санитарно-защитной зоны и промплощадки, приоритетные (по величине формируемых рисков) производственные установки и химические токсиканты. Это дает основание для корректировки программ производственного контроля и производственного экологического контроля, для уточнения приоритетности инвестиционных программ и планов природоохранных мероприятий. В практическом плане сформулированы особенности действий в условиях высоких рисков для обеспечения нормативного уровня остаточного риска здоровью населения при функционировании экологически опасного производственного объекта нефтепереработки, при этом избегаются значительные финансовые природоохранные затраты как результат принятия экологически недостаточно обоснованных планировочных и технологических решений на этапе проектирования. Алгоритм универсален, поскольку может использоваться для действующих производственных объектов и объектов нового строительства независимо от отраслевой специфики. 文章揭示了为确保炼油厂所在地区居人群的环境安全而采取的行动算法的主要特点和特殊性﹐其依据是对环境有害的生产设施的生命周期的各个阶段的健康风险评估机制｡在方法上﹐该算法执行了现有的公共卫生风险评估标准﹑法规和指南的规定｡该算法是一套连续的程序﹐用于作出明智的决定﹐以确保暴露于潜在不利环境影响的人群的健康有一个规范的残余风险指标｡该算法的应用确保了炼油厂和邻近居群民区的卫生防护区边界符合环境影响的监管水平｡特别强调的是环境危险设施的设计和运营阶段﹐此时﹐所带来的健康风险水平对决策的结果特别敏感｡在设计阶段及时评估健康风险﹐可以根据具体工业和城市环境中的危险性来确定环境危险设施的位置｡在经营阶段﹐可确定卫生防护区边界和工业场地的最危险区域﹐以及优先（就产生的风险大小而言）的生产装置和化学毒物｡这为调整工业控制和工业环境控制方案﹐以及明确环境保护措施的投资方案和计划的优先次序提供了依据｡制定了在高风险环境中实际行事的具体内容﹐为确保环境危险的炼油生产设施运营期间对公众健康的残余风险达到监管水平｡在设计阶段提供无害环境规划和技术解决方案的结果是将避免巨大的环境财政成本｡该算法是通用的｡它既可用于现有的生产基地﹐也可用于新建筑工地﹐不受行业限制

Effects of Cadmium on the Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Metallothionein Level in the Rat Brain

We studied the effects of long-lasting treating with cadmium in two different doses (0.1 and 1.0 μg/kg) on the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9) and metallothionein level in the rat brain. Cadmium in a higher dose (1 μg/kg) caused a decrease in MMP2 activity but increased that of proMMP9 in the brain. The level of MT in the hippocampus and cerebellum dropped with both Cd doses. Thus, even small Cd doses exert specific effects on the MMP activity and MT level in the brain

Tagging High Energy Photons in the H1 Detector at HERA

Measures taken to extend the acceptance of the H1 detector at HERA for photoproduction events are described. These will enable the measurement of electrons scattered in events in the high y range 0.85 < y < 0.95 in the 1998 and 1999 HERA run period. The improvement is achieved by the installation of an electromagnetic calorimeter, the ET8, in the HERA tunnel close to the electron beam line 8 m downstream of the H1 interaction point in the electron direction. The ET8 will allow the study of tagged gamma p interactions at centre-of-mass energies significantly higher than those previously attainable. The calorimeter design and expected performance are discussed, as are results obtained using a prototype placed as close as possible to the position of the ET8 during the 1996 and 1997 HERA running.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figure

Spinor representation of surfaces and complex stresses on membranes and interfaces

Variational principles are developed within the framework of a spinor representation of the surface geometry to examine the equilibrium properties of a membrane or interface. This is a far-reaching generalization of the Weierstrass-Enneper representation for minimal surfaces, introduced by mathematicians in the nineties, permitting the relaxation of the vanishing mean curvature constraint. In this representation the surface geometry is described by a spinor field, satisfying a two-dimensional Dirac equation, coupled through a potential associated with the mean curvature. As an application, the mesoscopic model for a fluid membrane as a surface described by the Canham-Helfrich energy quadratic in the mean curvature is examined. An explicit construction is provided of the conserved complex-valued stress tensor characterizing this surface.Comment: 17 page

A New High Energy Photon Tagger for the H1 - Detector at HERA

The H1 detector at HERA has been upgraded by the addition of a new electromagnetic calorimeter. This is installed in the HERA tunnel close to the electron beam line at a position 8m from the interaction point in the electron beam direction. The new calorimeter extends the acceptance for tagged photoproduction events to the high y range, 0.85 < y < 0.95, and thus significantly improves the capability of H1 to study high energy gamma-p processes. The calorimeter design, performance and first results obtained during the 1996-1999 HERA running are described.Comment: 17 pages, 16 figure

Risk-oriented approach to ecological safety management at oil refinery

The article considers place and role of the risk-oriented approach in environmental management at enterprises, describes mechanisms for use of risk assessment in environmental management processes and documents, tools for use of risk characteristics in development and implementation of programmes and plans for oil refineries.The study relevance is based on the need to improve the environmental management system of “Orsknefteorgsintez” in line with the plans to include risk-oriented approach in supervisory work, including state environmental supervision.The main goal of the work was development of approaches to risk-oriented environmental management at “Orsknefteorgsintez” based on the health risk assessment from environment pollution, followed by interpretation of gained data and appropriate management decisions.The research was conducted in two stages. The first stage included health risk levels determination resulted from air pollution by “Orsknefteorgsintez”. The results included hygienic studies of human health risk assessment from negative impact by “Orsknefteorgsintez” considering the implementation of the middle-term enterprise development program; and results of comparative analysis of human health risk levels prior to and after operational commissioning of reconstructed objects within the middle-term enterprise development program. The recommendation on human health risk management from the “Orsknefteorgsintez” production facilities (including control and monitoring) are based on the results of the first stage.Risk-oriented improves environmental management systems at enterprises, helps in interactions with government bodies, enhances management decisions in line with environmental legislation and increases environmental-economic investment efficiency

Three natural mechanical systems on Stiefel varieties

We consider integrable generalizations of the spherical pendulum system to the Stiefel variety $V(n,r)=SO(n)/SO(n-r)$ for a certain metric. For the case of V(n,2) an alternative integrable model of the pendulum is presented. We also describe a system on the Stiefel variety with a four-degree potential. The latter has invariant relations on $T^*V(n,r)$ which provide the complete integrability of the flow reduced on the oriented Grassmannian variety $G^+(n,r)=SO(n)/SO(r)\times SO(n-r)$.Comment: 14 page