ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ КРАЕВОГО УГЛА СМАЧИВАНИЯ НА ПЛОСКИХ ПОВЕРХНОСТЯХ / М Г

The paper considers an improved technique for determination of a contact wetting angle. Description of the devices that make it possible to determine a contact wetting angle with due account of surface roughness is given in the paper. A specified formula for calculation of a contact wetting angle has been derived.Усовершенствована  методика  определения  краевого  угла  смачивания.  Приводится  описание комплекса устройств, позволяющего определять краевой угол смачивания с учетом  шероховатости  поверхности.  Получена  уточненная  формула  для  расчета  краевого  угла смачивания.

iReckon: Simultaneous isoform discovery and abundance estimation from RNA-seq data

High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) promises to revolutionize our understanding of genes and their role in human disease by characterizing the RNA content of tissues and cells. The realization of this promise, however, is conditional on the development of effective computational methods for the identification and quantification of transcripts from incomplete and noisy data. In this article, we introduce iReckon, a method for simultaneous determination of the isoforms and estimation of their abundances. Our probabilistic approach incorporates multiple biological and technical phenomena, including novel isoforms, intron retention, unspliced pre-mRNA, PCR amplification biases, and multimapped reads. iReckon utilizes regularized expectation-maximization to accurately estimate the abundances of known and novel isoforms. Our results on simulated and real data demonstrate a superior ability to discover novel isoforms with a significantly reduced number of false-positive predictions, and our abundance accuracy prediction outmatches that of other state-of-the-art tools. Furthermore, we have applied iReckon to two cancer transcriptome data sets, a triple-negative breast cancer patient sample and the MCF7 breast cancer cell line, and show that iReckon is able to reconstruct the complex splicing changes that were not previously identified. QT-PCR validations of the isoforms detected in the MCF7 cell line confirmed all of iReckon's predictions and also showed strong agreement (r2 = 0.94) with the predicted abundances

Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 occur frequently in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas and share hypermethylation targets with glioblastomas

Mutations in the genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase, IDH1 and IDH2, have been reported in gliomas, myeloid leukemias, chondrosarcomas, and thyroid cancer. We discovered IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in 34 of 326 (10%) intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. Tumor with mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 had lower 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and higher 5-methylcytosine (5mC) levels, as well as increased dimethylation of histone H3K79. Mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 were associated with longer overall survival (p = 0.028) and were independently associated with a longer time to tumor recurrence after intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma resection in multivariate analysis (p = 0.021). IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are significantly associated with increased levels of p53 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, but no mutations in the p53 gene were found, suggesting that mutations in IDH1 and IDH2 may cause a stress that leads to p53 activation. We identified 2,309 genes that were significantly hypermethylated in 19 cholangiocarcinomas with mutations in IDH1 or IDH2, compared with cholangiocarcinomas without these mutations. Hypermethylated CpG sites were significantly enriched in CpG shores and upstream of transcription start sites, suggesting a global regulation of transcriptional potential. Half of the hypermethylated genes overlapped with DNA hypermethylation in IDH1-mutant gliobastomas, suggesting the existence of a common set of genes whose expression may be affected by mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 in different types of tumors

Cassini Radio Science

Cassini radio science investigations will be conducted both during the cruise (gravitational wave and conjunction experiments) and the Saturnian tour of the mission (atmospheric and ionospheric occultations, ring occultations, determinations of masses and gravity fields). New technologies in the construction of the instrument, which consists of a portion on-board the spacecraft and another portion on the ground, including the use of the Ka-band signal in addition to that of the S- and X-bands, open opportunities for important discoveries in each of the above scientific areas, due to increased accuracy, resolution, sensitivity, and dynamic range.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43765/1/11214_2004_Article_1436.pd

System approach to estimation of soils

Authors offer the system approach to an estimation of the soils with consideration at different hierarchical level value of soils, fields, farms depending on the purposes of their use and level of intensification of manufacture. Value of the soils is estimated on their bioproductivity, the income on 1 rouble of expenses, expenses for achievement of models of fertility of soils, an optimal condition of fields. The expediency of calculation of value of the soils taking into account weight of influence of the factors defining the price and degrees of their optimality for given soil-climatic and economic conditions is shown

DETERMINATION OF CONTACT WETTING ANGLE ON FLAT SURFACES

The paper considers an improved technique for determination of a contact wetting angle. Description of the devices that make it possible to determine a contact wetting angle with due account of surface roughness is given in the paper. A specified formula for calculation of a contact wetting angle has been derived