Direct force-measuring transducer used in blood pressure research

Direct force measuring transducer acts as an arterial tonometer, gives a direct readout to instrumentation, and is unaffected by ambient noise. It uses a semiconductor strain gage which is deflected by pressure pulses in the artery. The deflection changes the resistance of the gage and alters the voltage reading on the associated instrumentation

Effect of Rumensin on legume bloat in cattle

Rumensin with or without Bloatguard was fed to rumen-fistulated cattle grazing lush alfalfa pasture. Although Rumensin alone or in combination with low doses of Bloatguard reduced bloat, it was not completely effective. Hence, Bloatguard at the recommended dose is still necessary for full bloat control

Methsnotrophic Biodegradation of Trichloroethylene in a Hollow Fiber Membrane Bioreactor

Biodegradation of Trichloroethlyene (TCE) in a Hollow Fiber Membrane Bioreactor Was Investigated using a Mutant of the Methanotrophic Bacteria, Methylosinus Trichosporium 0B3b. Contaminated Water Flowed through the Lumen (I.e., Fiber Interior), and the Bacteria Circulated through the Shell Side of the Membrane Module and an External Growth Reactor. in Mass Transfer Studies with a Radial Cross-Flow Membrane Module, 78.3-99.9% of the TCE Was Removed from the Lumen at Hydraulic Residence Times of 3-15 Min in the Lumen and the Shell. in Biodegradation Experiments, 80-95% of the TCE Was Removed from the Lumen at Hydraulic Residence Times of 5-9 Min in the Lumen. the TCE Transferred to the Shell Was Rapidly Biodegraded, with Rate Constants Ranging from 0.16 to 0.9 L (Mg of TSS)-1 Day-1. Radiochemical Data Showed that over 75% of the Transferred TCE Was Biodegraded in the Shell, with the Byproducts Being Approximately Equally Divided between Carbon Dioxide and Nonvolatiles. This Study Shows that a Hollow Fiber Membrane Bioreactor System Coupled with the Mutant Strain PP358 of M. Trichosporium 0B3b is a Very Promising Technology for Chlorinated Solvent Biodegradation. © 1995, American Chemical Society. All Rights Reserved

Scale-free Networks from Optimal Design

A large number of complex networks, both natural and artificial, share the presence of highly heterogeneous, scale-free degree distributions. A few mechanisms for the emergence of such patterns have been suggested, optimization not being one of them. In this letter we present the first evidence for the emergence of scaling (and smallworldness) in software architecture graphs from a well-defined local optimization process. Although the rules that define the strategies involved in software engineering should lead to a tree-like structure, the final net is scale-free, perhaps reflecting the presence of conflicting constraints unavoidable in a multidimensional optimization process. The consequences for other complex networks are outlined.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to Europhysics Letters. Additional material is available at http://complex.upc.es/~sergi/software.ht