Linear Response, Hamiltonian and Radiative Spinning Two-Body Dynamics

Using the spinning, supersymmetric Worldline Quantum Field Theory formalism we compute the momentum impulse and spin kick from a scattering of two spinning black holes or neutron stars up to quadratic order in spin at third post-Minkowskian (PM) order, including radiation-reaction effects and with arbitrarily mis-aligned spin directions. Parts of these observables, both conservative and radiative, are also inferred from lower-PM scattering data by extending Bini and Damour's linear response formula. By solving Hamilton's equations of motion we also use a conservative scattering angle to infer a complete 3PM two-body Hamiltonian including finite-size corrections and misaligned spin-spin interactions. Finally, we describe mappings to the bound two-body dynamics for aligned spin vectors: including a numerical plot of the binding energy for circular orbits compared with numerical relativity, analytic confirmation of the NNLO PN binding energy and the energy loss over successive orbits

California Poverty Without Los Angeles

This study examines and projects demographic poverty within the state of California without the overpowering statistical dominance of the Los Angeles metropolitan region.  The selected population segments include All Persons, Asians & Pacific Islanders, Blacks, Hispanics and Whites.  One goal is to provide a portrait of net poverty within the state of California.  By the end of the coming decade, poverty is projected to increase 25% to almost 3.8 million persons.  This increase is due primarily to the explosive rise among Hispanics.  A second goal is to demonstrate a methodology that may be easily applied to other sub-national locales, jurisdictional levels and time frames.  The methodology permits computations of annual poverty estimates in the absence of official statistics.&nbsp

County Poverty: The Case Of Los Angeles

This study serves two purposes.  First, it demonstrates a method of estimating and projecting annual poverty at the sub-national level.  Data obtained from decennial censuses provide the benchmarks from which poverty is estimated and projected for various demographic groups.  Projections are based upon curvilinear trends both of rates and of counts for each group.  The methodology can be easily applied in a variety of jurisdictional settings and levels.  The second objective is to provide a specific portrait of poverty by demographic group within the County of Los Angeles.  The evidence indicates a substantial increase over the next decade both in the incidence of poverty and in the number of impoverished residents.  The primary source of County poverty is the growth in its Hispanic community

Estimating Poverty Rates in a Metropolis: The Example of Los Angeles/Long Beach

This study develops a technique to estimate and project annual rates of poverty for a large metropolitan area for various segments of its population. The annual estimates and projections are based upon the official rates compiled by the Bureau of the Census. Using Los Angeles/Long Beach as the site of the experimental example, the evidence reveals a substantially increasing trend in the incidence of poverty for the overall metropolitan population. This increase is caused by the dramatic rise in poverty within the Hispanic and Children population groups. Trends in poverty are negative, however, for the Elderly, Blacks, Female Family Heads and Whites. Explanations are offered for the disparate trends in poverty among the various groups. These explanations may serve as an agenda for future research. The Appendix to the study provides the annual estimates and projections for each population segment for the years 1959 through 2000

A Half-Century of California Poverty

In this article, poverty statistics are examined over the past 50 years for insights on trends. Data were tabulated by Decennial Censuses for the state of California and categorized by demographic group. Trends are revealed by evidence from unique calculations of Poverty Indexes, that is, of \u27fair shares of poverty. By examining 5 decades of evidence, it is found that some groups have clearly progressed-specifically Asians & Pacific Islanders, Blacks, and Hispanics, while others have found their recent poverty status deteriorate- especially the elderly, Native Americans, and Whites

An Examination of Research Explaining Public Welfare Spending at the State Level

A large body of research has examined the determinants of welfare spending at various jurisdictional levels. This paper takes stock of the accomplishments of these studies within a limited framework. Primary socioeconomic and political factors are surveyed and reviewed with respect to their explanatory association with appropriations for public welfare at the level of states

Hispanic Poverty: A County Contrast

This study examines Hispanic ethnic poverty rates at the county level.  The specific ethnic groups examined are Cubans, Mexicans and Puerto Ricans as well as Other Hispanics and the counties include the Bronx, Los Angeles and Miami-Dade.  The primary goal is to separate high Hispanic poverty into an ethnicity factor and a geographic/economic factor.  The evidence is clear.  Although ethnicity has some influence on the group specific poverty rates of Hispanic-Americans, it is overshadowed by local economies.  Location is far more influential than cultural lineage in affecting group poverty rates

Modeling Annual Poverty In A Metropolitan Area

This study establishes a methodology to create annual rates of poverty within a metropolitan region.  The site selected is Los Angeles/Long Beach, where trend lines are separately calculated for all residents, whites, blacks, Hispanics, female family heads, the elderly and children.  The most striking evidence is the surge in poverty among Hispanics and children, which pulls up the overall rate for the region.  The trends foretell the formation of an immense impoverished Hispanic underclass

A Device To Detect Student Cheating

In this article, a method is offered by which to recognize, identify, verify and/or confirm that student “cheating” has occurred on multiple-choice formatted examinations.  The approach rests upon the probability of more than one student incorrectly answering identical questions.  The technique or “device” can be used either to screen or to confirm and it is seen to be easily applied in situations involving several students and for any number of exam questions and tests

State Level Poverty: The Case Of New York

This study serves two purposes. First, it demonstrates a method of estimating and projecting annual poverty at sub-national levels. Data are obtained from decennial censuses and form the benchmarks from which poverty is estimated and projected for separate demographic groups. Projections are based upon historical curvilinear trends for each group. The methodology demonstrated can be easily applied in a variety of jurisdictional settings and levels. The second objective is to provide a portrait of poverty by demographic group specifically within the State of New York. The evidence indicates that New York can anticipate a substantial poverty increase over the next decade. There will also be major shifts among demographic groups in their shares of overall State poverty