2,123 research outputs found
The Standard Quantum Limit of Coherent Beam Combining
Coherent beam combining refers to the process of generating a bright output
beam by merging independent input beams with locked relative phases. We report
the first quantum mechanical noise limit calculations for coherent beam
combining and compare our results to quantum-limited amplification. Our
coherent beam combining scheme is based on an optical Fourier transformation
which renders the scheme compatible with integrated optics. The scheme can be
layed out for an arbitrary number of input beams and approaches the shot noise
limit for a large number of inputs
Stability of the iterative solutions of integral equations as one phase freezing criterion
A recently proposed connection between the threshold for the stability of the
iterative solution of integral equations for the pair correlation functions of
a classical fluid and the structural instability of the corresponding real
fluid is carefully analyzed. Direct calculation of the Lyapunov exponent of the
standard iterative solution of HNC and PY integral equations for the 1D hard
rods fluid shows the same behavior observed in 3D systems. Since no phase
transition is allowed in such 1D system, our analysis shows that the proposed
one phase criterion, at least in this case, fails. We argue that the observed
proximity between the numerical and the structural instability in 3D originates
from the enhanced structure present in the fluid but, in view of the arbitrary
dependence on the iteration scheme, it seems uneasy to relate the numerical
stability analysis to a robust one-phase criterion for predicting a
thermodynamic phase transition.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
Spin-wave spectrum of copper metaborate in the commensurate phase 10K<T<21K
We have investigated the spin-wave spectrum of copper metaborate,
CuBO, by means of inelastic neutron scattering in the commensurate
magnetic phase. We have found two branches of spin-wave excitations associated
with the two magnetic sublattices Cu(A) and Cu(B), respectively. In the
temperature regime , where only the Cu(A) magnetic moments
are ordered, the interaction between the two sublattices is found to be
negligible. With this approximation we have determined the `easy plane'
exchange parameters of the Cu(A) subsystem within standard spin-wave theory.Comment: 4 figure
Synthesis of Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides with Stereodefined Phosphorothioate Linkages
A method for solidâphase synthesis of stereodefined PSâoligos via an oxathiaphospholane approach using pure Pâdiastereomers of nucleoside oxathiaphospholane monomers is described. The oxathiaphospholane monomers are synthesized by phosphitylation of 5â˛âOâDMTrâNâprotected deoxyribonucleosides with 2âchloroâspiroâ4,4âpentamethyleneâ1,3,2âoxathiaphospholane followed by sulfurization. The procedure is general and may be applied to other analogs, depending on the aldehyde (or mercaptoalcohol) used. Starting from an 18Oâlabeled mercaptoalcohol, the corresponding 18Oâlabeled phosphitylating reagent and nucleoside monomers can be obtained and used for synthesis of labeled stereodefined PSâoligos, which are useful for studying mechanisms of enzymatic reactions. Details are provided for chromatographic separation of the 5â˛âOâDMTrâNâprotectedâdeoxyribonucleosideâ3â˛âOâ(2âthioâspiroâ4,4âpentamethyleneâ1,3,2âoxathiaphospholane)s into their Pâdiastereomers, and for manual solidâphase synthesis of PSâoligos. Oxidation of 5â˛âOâDMTrâNâprotectedâdeoxyribonucleosideâ3â˛âOâ(2âthioâspiroâ4,4âpentamethyleneâ1,3,2âoxathiaphospholane)s with selenium dioxide yields their 2âoxoâanalogs, which are suitable either for elongation of stereodefined PSâoligos with segments consisting of unmodified nucleotide units possessing phosphate internucleotide linkages, or for generating isotopomeric 18Oâlabeled POâoligos of predetermined Pâchirality.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/143684/1/cpnc0417.pd
Non-existence of normal tokamak equilibria with negative central current
Recent tokamak experiments employing off-axis, non-inductive current drive
have found that a large central current hole can be produced. The current
density is measured to be approximately zero in this region, though in
principle there was sufficient current drive power for the central current
density to have gone significantly negative. Recent papers have used a large
aspect-ratio expansion to show that normal MHD equilibria (with axisymmetric
nested flux surfaces, non-singular fields, and monotonic peaked pressure
profiles) can not exist with negative central current. We extend that proof
here to arbitrary aspect ratio, using a variant of the virial theorem to derive
a relatively simple integral constraint on the equilibrium. However, this
constraint does not, by itself, exclude equilibria with non-nested flux
surfaces, or equilibria with singular fields and/or hollow pressure profiles
that may be spontaneously generated.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Physics of Plasmas, Feb. 14, 2003.
Revised Feb. 24, 2003. Vers. 2: revised May 29 to clarify points raised by
referee, add references to recent work. July 18, accepted for publicatio
Effect of seed inoculation and foliar fertilizing on structure of soybean yield and yield structure in Western Polissya of Ukraine
Growing soybeans requires adjustment of micronutrient nutrition on poorly fertile
soils. Foliar fertilization can overcome the deficiency of micronutrients in plants in the most
important period. Three factorial field experiment to study foliar fertilization with complex
micronutrients, seed inoculation by Bradyrhizobium japonicum in two soybean varieties (Kassidy
and ES Mentor) was conducted. Foliar fertilization with Quantum oil and WUXAL Oilseed
significantly increased certain elements in soybean yield structure. Fertilizer WUXAL Oilseed
with a higher concentration of Mo, Mn and B more effectively increased the number of pods and
seeds from the plant and formed a higher yield in soybeans. Foliar fertilization with WUXAL
Oilseed and Quantum oil increased seed yield to 3.00 t ha-1
and 2.94 t ha-1
, respectively in regard
to variant without fertilizing, where yield was 2.71 t ha-1
. Variety Kassidy had greater number of
pods and seeds, seed weight in comparison to foliar fertilizing ES Mentor. Seed inoculation gaves
a stable increase in yield under different foliar fertilizations in varieties Kassidy and ES Mentor
Correction of adma-induced preeclampsia with the use of phosphodiesterase 5 and selective inhibitor of arginase II ZB49-0010
Simulation experimental ADMA-like preeclampsia was carried out by administering the rats with L-NAME during 14-20 days of pregnancy. In animals, there was an increase in blood pressure, proteinuria, impaired microcirculation in the placenta, the violation of the regulation of vascular tone and destructive changes in the ischemic placenta. The use of phosphodiesterase 5 and selective inhibitor of arginase II ZB49-0010 leads to the expression of morphological and functional correction of violations occurring in modeling of experimental preeclampsi
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