Quantum heat transfer: A Born Oppenheimer method

We develop a Born-Oppenheimer type formalism for the description of quantum thermal transport along hybrid nanoscale objects. Our formalism is suitable for treating heat transfer in the off-resonant regime, where e.g., the relevant vibrational modes of the interlocated molecule are high relative to typical bath frequencies, and at low temperatures when tunneling effects dominate. A general expression for the thermal energy current is accomplished, in the form of a generalized Landauer formula. In the harmonic limit this expression reduces to the standard Landauer result for heat transfer, while in the presence of nonlinearities multiphonon tunneling effects are realized

Algebraic and geometric structures in string backgrounds

We give a brief introduction to the study of the algebraic structures -- and their geometrical interpretations -- which arise in the BRST construction of a conformal string background. Starting from the chiral algebra \cA of a string background, we consider a number of elementary but universal operations on the chiral algebra. From these operations we deduce a certain fundamental odd Poisson structure, known as a Gerstenhaber algebra, on the BRST cohomology of \cA. For the 2D string background, the correponding G-algebra can be partially described in term of a geometrical G-algebra of the affine plane \bC^2. This paper will appear in the proceedings of {\it Strings 95}

Heat flux operator, current conservation and the formal Fourier's law

By revisiting previous definitions of the heat current operator, we show that one can define a heat current operator that satisfies the continuity equation for a general Hamiltonian in one dimension. This expression is useful for studying electronic, phononic and photonic energy flow in linear systems and in hybrid structures. The definition allows us to deduce the necessary conditions that result in current conservation for general-statistics systems. The discrete form of the Fourier's Law of heat conduction naturally emerges in the present definition

Tunneling Conductance Between Parallel Two Dimensional Electron Systems

We derive and evaluate expressions for the low temperature {\it dc} equilibrium tunneling conductance between parallel two-dimensional electron systems. Our theory is based on a linear-response formalism and on impurity-averaged perturbation theory. The disorder broadening of features in the dependence of tunneling conductance on sheet densities and in-plane magnetic field strengths is influenced both by the finite lifetime of electrons within the wells and by non-momentum-conserving tunneling events. Disorder vertex corrections are important only for weak in-plane magnetic fields and strong interwell impurity-potential correlations. We comment on the basis of our results on the possibility of using tunneling measurements to determine the lifetime of electrons in the quantum wells.Comment: 14 pages, 5 Fig. not included, revtex, IUcm92-00

The Impact of Perceived Lottery Knowledge on Problem Lottery Playing: A Moderated Mediation Model

The study explored the mechanism of perceived lottery knowledge in predicting problem in lottery playing through a Moderated Mediation Model centering on overconfidence. A total of 972 Chinese football bettors from nine provinces completed a questionnaire survey. The result showed that: (1) perceived lottery knowledge could positively predict problem lottery playing; (2) perceived lottery knowledge influenced problem lottery playing directly and indirectly through overconfidence; (3) risk perception moderated the mediated path. The indirect effect was stronger for football bettors with low-risk perception than for those with high-risk perception. Implications of consumption and intervention for problem lottery players were discussed.     Keywords: football bettors, problem lottery playing, perceived lottery knowledge, overconfidence, risk perceptio

Quantum gates implementations in the separated ion-traps by fast laser pulses

An approach is proposed to implement the universal quantum gates between the ions confined individually in the separated traps. Instead of the typical adiabatic operations, performed for manipulating the ion-ion coupling, here the switchable couplings between ions are implemented non-adiabatically by using the fast laser pulses. Consequently, the desirable quantum gates between the ions could be implemented by using only a series of laser pulses. The proposal may be conveniently generalized to the quantum computation with the scalable ion-traps.Comment: 10 pages, 3figure

Fock space resolutions of the Virasoro highest weight modules with c<=1

We extend Felder's construction of Fock space resolutions for the Virasoro minimal models to all irreducible modules with $c\leq 1$. In particular, we provide resolutions for the representations corresponding to the boundary and exterior of the Kac table.Comment: 14 pages, revised versio