The Lagomorphs: rabbits, hares, and pika

Rabbits, hares, and pika have all been implicated in causing damage to trees in the Pacific Northwest Damage is generally to seedlings, limbs, and saplings smaller than 2 5 inches in diameter, with damage involving either clipping of the stem or bark removal as the lagomorphs are feeding Damage prevention methods include synthetic or biological repellents, exclusion (individual seedling protectors or fencing), or lethal control methods such as poisoning or shooting Silvicultural methods useful in reducing lagomorph damage include vegetation management, thinning, fertilization, and selection of browsing-resistant seedling size

413 Perceptions and Concerns: Navigating Genetic Research Participation Among At-Risk Individuals for Inherited Conditions

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Motivations and hesitations about participating in genetic research among those at risk of inherited conditions are unclear. We aim to understand perceptions, perspectives, and concerns of these individuals regarding genetic research studies, especially for hard-to-diagnose diseases. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Mix method study of 150 Hispanics individuals in Puerto Rico (PR) at risk for in heriting a condition. These individuals, with limited diagnostic data, are attending genetics clinics or invited to a genetics study at the University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus. Structured surveys and interviews will be conducted. Surveys will gauge general perceptions and feelings toward genetic research, while interviews will provide a deeper understanding of participants’ personal narratives and experiences. All sessions will be recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using NVivo qualitative analysis software. Thematic analysis will be employed to identify recurring themes and sentiments. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Weanticipatevaried responses: some enthusiastic about genetic research benefits, others having reservations due to privacy, cultural beliefs, or past experiences. A significant portion may express concerns about genetic research’s impact on insurance and potential discrimination. We also expect to uncover systemic challenges that hinder participation among Hispanics living in PR, such as a lack of information or misconceptions about genetic research. This study will overview factors, both encouraging and inhibitory, influencing decisions to join genetic research. Quantitative genetic literacy survey data will undergo descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Hispanics in PR exhibit a rich tapestry of genetic variations being a focal point for genetic research. Understanding perceptions is vital among those at risk for inherited conditions. Insights can shape outreach and education strategies, ensuring participants are informed, concerns met, and empowered to make decisions alignined their views

Occurrence of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in slaughtered pigs and pork products.

Publisher: Karger Continuation Notes: Continues: Bibliotheca microbiologica. Merged with: Concepts in immunopathology, to form: Contributions to microbiology. Merged with: Concepts in immunopathology, to form: Contributions to microbiology. Place of Publication: Switzerlan

Occurrence of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in slaughtered pigs and pork products.

Publisher: Karger Continuation Notes: Continues: Bibliotheca microbiologica. Merged with: Concepts in immunopathology, to form: Contributions to microbiology. Merged with: Concepts in immunopathology, to form: Contributions to microbiology. Place of Publication: Switzerlan

Adenosine deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase activities in saliva from patients with oral and laryngeal cancer

WOS: 000231909300011PubMed: 16120121Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate saliva's activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT) enzymes and their utility as diagnostic and therapeutic markers in oral and laryngeal cancer. Materials and Methods: Pre- and post-operative saliva's activities of ADA and 5'-NT enzymes were measured in patients with squamous cell oral (n=10) and laryngeal cancer (n=17) and compared with control saliva samples (n=19). Results: The ADA was found to be lower in saliva of the patients with oral cancer compared with the laryngeal cancer and controls. However, no significant differences were found between pre- and post-operative values for both enzymes in the patient groups. We also could not find statistically significant differences between saliva's activities of 5'-NT in patients and control subjects. Conclusions: Low activity of ADA observed in saliva of the patients with oral cancer has been suggested as a compensatory mechanism against rapid purine and DNA metabolism in cancer cells. The current study does not support the hypothesis that saliva's activities of these enzymes may be used as additional diagnostic and prognostic cancer markers

Occurrence of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in slaughtered pigs and pork products.

Publisher: Karger Continuation Notes: Continues: Bibliotheca microbiologica. Merged with: Concepts in immunopathology, to form: Contributions to microbiology. Merged with: Concepts in immunopathology, to form: Contributions to microbiology. Place of Publication: Switzerlan