A MSFD complementary approach for the assessment of pressures, knowledge and data gaps in Southern European Seas : the PERSEUS experience

PERSEUS project aims to identify the most relevant pressures exerted on the ecosystems of the Southern European Seas (SES), highlighting knowledge and data gaps that endanger the achievement of SES Good Environmental Status (GES) as mandated by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). A complementary approach has been adopted, by a meta-analysis of existing literature on pressure/impact/knowledge gaps summarized in tables related to the MSFD descriptors, discriminating open waters from coastal areas. A comparative assessment of the Initial Assessments (IAs) for five SES countries has been also independently performed. The comparison between meta-analysis results and IAs shows similarities for coastal areas only. Major knowledge gaps have been detected for the biodiversity, marine food web, marine litter and underwater noise descriptors. The meta-analysis also allowed the identification of additional research themes targeting research topics that are requested to the achievement of GES. 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.peer-reviewe

Europeanization, actor constellations and spatial policy change in Greece

This article seeks to analyze EU influence on Greek planning by focusing on the role of domestic actors implicated in the process of Europeanization. It aims to examine the key agents involved in planning reforms, systematize the major discourses in the policy-process and explore the core instruments used as well. Linking key literature to first-hand information (legal documents, case-law, speeches, unpublished committees' reports and conference proceedings) and eye-witness accounts, the paper attempts to highlight the role of both strategies and ideas in different episodes of Europeanization of Greek spatial planning

Towards a European spatial planning policy: Theoretical dilemmas and institutional implications

This article examines the emergence, the present configuration and the perspectives of a spatial planning policy at a European level in the light of the institutional and economic properties embodied in the nature of the European integration process. First, it recapitulates the main historical steps through which the idea of a European view about spatial questions has been developed as a combined result of cohesion and solidarity objectives and liberal market constraints. On the basis of these complementary and competitive principles, the article explores the conceptual identity of the emerging policy and discusses especially the reorientations of the spatial justice concept under a market integration paradigm. Finally, it presents the fundamental traits for the institutional design of the new policy, which lead to the reshaping of the traditional hierarchical, substantialist and normative profile of welfare spatial intervention towards an horizontal, procedural and pluralist model of collective spatial coordination. The article comes to the conclusion that the conceptual and institutional innovations to which the emergence of a European spatial planning policy is submitted constitute a part of a more general rearrangement in the legitimation basis of public policies in a post-national and post-welfare Europe. Recognition of these transformations could be seen both as a search for new forms of governance beyond the state and as a chance for rethinking traditional concepts of social theory in a time of change

The Europeanization of National Planning: Explaining the Causes and the Potentials of Change

This article proposes a methodological framework for analyzing the Europeanization of national planning, that is, EU influence on domestic planning systems and policies. It seeks in particular to examine whether, where, and how Europeanization of national planning occurs and under which analytic frameworks it may be explained. To this end, the article proposes a three-step research approach. First, it highlights the main patterns of Europeanization in the area of national planning in relation to different modes of EU governance and ideal types of Europeanization. Second, it suggests a typology for the examination of the potential effects of the Europeanization of planning at the domestic level. Finally, it develops some hypotheses on how different institutional, socio-economic and cultural contexts may accommodate or restrain the Europeanization of national planning. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

A Theoretical Analysis for Assessing the Variability of Secondary Model Thermal Inactivation Kinetic Parameters

Traditionally, for the determination of the kinetic parameters of thermal inactivation of a heat labile substance, an appropriate index is selected and its change is measured over time at a series of constant temperatures. The rate of this change is described through an appropriate primary model and a secondary model is applied to assess the impact of temperature. By this approach, the confidence intervals of the estimates of the rate constants are not taken into account. Consequently, the calculated variability of the secondary model parameters can be significantly lower than the actual variability. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the influence of the variability of the primary model parameters in establishing the confidence intervals of the secondary model parameters. Using a Monte Carlo technique and assuming normally distributed DT values (parameter associated with a primary inactivation model), the error propagating on the DTref and z-values (secondary model parameters) was assessed. When DT confidence intervals were broad, the secondary model’s parameter variability was appreciably high and could not be adequately estimated through the traditional deterministic approach that does not take into account the variation on the DT values. In such cases, the proposed methodology was essential for realistic estimations

Microbial Food Web Structure and Its Impact on Primary Production in a Meso-Oligotrophic Coastal Area (Pagasitikos Gulf, Aegean Sea)

Seasonal structure and dynamics of the planktonic microbial food web (phytoplankton, bacteria, nanoflagellates and ciliates) were studied in the meso-oligotrophic Pagasitikos Gulf, NW Aegean Sea. Pagasitikos Gulf is exposed to anthropogenic activity and for this, the sampling covered different parts of the system (city of Volos, sewage effluents, central gulf, Trikeri channel, outer gulf). The standing stocks of all the microbial components fell within the range of other similar coastal systems. Depth integrated primary production (PP) indicated a spring phytoplankton bloom in April/May in all sampling sites. A second phytoplankton bloom was recorded in the western and the outer part of the gulf in the fall. An estimation of bacterial carbon demand indicated that in several cases the percentage of PP that is routed through heterotrophic bacteria is close or over 100%. This is consistent with the excess bacterial biomass relative to autotrophic biomass found in the system. Hence recycling processes mediated by heterotrophs and particularly bacteria are crucial for maintaining the structure and functioning of the planktonic community in Pagasitikos Gulf