The effect of material and thickness of collector electrode on fiber fineness in electrospinning

AATCC;INDA;TAPPI;The Fiber Society2010 Spring Conference of the Fiber Society -- 12 May 2010 through 14 May 2010 -- Bursa -- 105817[No abstract available

Fuzzy decision support system to determine swell/shrink factor affecting earthwork optimization of highways

The optimization of cut and fill volumes of a highway infrastructure is crucial for minimizing the total earthwork cost. Borrow material swells after excavation and shrinks when mechanical compaction is applied; in this respect, it may be misleading to calculate cut-fill volumes directly without considering the amount of swelling and/or shrinkage. On the other hand, determination of such factors characterizing shrinkage/swelling behavior is highly ambiguous. The aim of this paper is to present the applicability of a fuzzy rule-based system for choosing swelling/shrinkage factors affecting the precision of earthwork optimization. This approach may assist in any highway alignment procedure to handle cut and fill volumes more accurately. © Association for Scientific Research

From the experimental determination of stress-strain full fields during a bulge test thanks to 3D-DIC technique to the characterization of anisotropic Mullins effect

International audienceThe bulge test is usually mostly used to analyze equibiaxial tensile stress state at the pole of inflated isotropic membranes. Three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) technique allows the determination of three-dimensional surface displacements and strain fields. A method is proposed to calculate from these experimental data the membrane curvature tensor at each surface point of the bulge specimen. Curvature tensor fields are then used to investigate axisymmetry of the test; in the axisymmetric case, membrane stress tensor fields are determined from meridional and circumferential curvatures combined with the measurement of the inflating pressure. Stress strain state is then known at any surface point which enriches greatly experimental data deduced from bulge tests. This method is then used to treat an experimental bulge test on a filled silicone rubber membrane. The results highlight that a global membrane with a very heterogeneous strain history is obtained , from equibiaxial behavior at the center of the membrane until a planar (pure) shear state at the periphery of the bulge. Next, different small tensile specimens are cut from the pre-stretched silicone membrane. Identical cyclic tensile tests are realized on all these specimens. The curves are compared and highlight the difference of the stress-softening according to the place of the cut specimen and according to its orientation with respect to the circumferential or meridional direction

Vibration Isolation Measures for Reductions of Structural Responses due to Passage of High-Speed Trains

Both trench type barriers and artificial bedrock as wave impeding block (WIB) can be used in practical engineering applications as isolation measures to protect foundations and structures from human made vibration sources. In this paper, discrete computer model including non-linear soil conditions as well as radiation damping is improved for analyzing related to wave propagation problems with soil-structure interaction effects due to the railway traffic induced vibrations and mitigation of building responses. Parametric investigations by using the developed numerical model for both isolation systems have been executed for both active and passive isolation cases to conceive the influence of different geometry and material properties on the screening efficiency. The analysis confirms that trench type barriers are more applicable in engineering problems and the obtained screening effect on the building vibrations is about 40-70% for the optimum trench geometry and installing location