401 research outputs found
Dark matter directional detection with MIMAC
MiMac is a project of micro-TPC matrix of gaseous (He3, CF4) chambers for
direct detection of non-baryonic dark matter. Measurement of both track and
ionization energy will allow the electron-recoil discrimination, while access
to the directionnality of the tracks will open a unique way to distinguish a
geniune WIMP signal from any background. First reconstructed tracks of 5.9 keV
electrons are presented as a proof of concept.Comment: 4 pages, proc. of the 44th Rencontres De Moriond: Electroweak
Interactions And Unified Theories, 7-14 Mar 2009, La Thuile, Ital
Causes of prehospital misinterpretations of ST elevation myocardial infarction
Objectives: To determine the causes of software misinterpretation of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) compared to clinically identified STEMI to identify opportunities to improve prehospital STEMI identification. Methods: We compared ECGs acquired from July 2011 through June 2012 using the LIFEPAK 15 on adult patients transported by the Los Angeles Fire Department. Cases included patients ≥18 years who received a prehospital ECG. Software interpretation of the ECG (STEMI or not) was compared with data in the regional EMS registry to classify the interpretation as true positive (TP), true negative (TN), false positive (FP), or false negative (FN). For cases where classification was not possible using registry data, 3 blinded cardiologists interpreted the ECG. Each discordance was subsequently reviewed to determine the likely cause of misclassification. The cardiologists independently reviewed a sample of these discordant ECGs and the causes of misclassification were updated in an iterative fashion. Results: Of 44,611 cases, 50% were male (median age 65; inter-quartile range 52–80). Cases were classified as 482 (1.1%) TP, 711 (1.6%) FP, 43371 (97.2%) TN, and 47 (0.11%) FN. Of the 711 classified as FP, 126 (18%) were considered appropriate for, though did not undergo, emergent coronary angiography, because the ECG showed definite (52 cases) or borderline (65 cases) ischemic ST elevation, a STEMI equivalent (5 cases) or ST-elevation due to vasospasm (4 cases). The sensitivity was 92.8% [95% CI 90.6, 94.7%] and the specificity 98.7% [95% CI 98.6, 98.8%]. The leading causes of FP were ECG artifact (20%), early repolarization (16%), probable pericarditis/myocarditis (13%), indeterminate (12%), left ventricular hypertrophy (8%), and right bundle branch block (5%). There were 18 additional reasons for FP interpretation (<4% each). The leading causes of FN were borderline ST-segment elevations less than the algorithm threshold (40%) and tall T waves reducing the ST/T ratio below threshold (15%). There were 11 additional reasons for FN interpretation occurring ≤3 times each. Conclusion: The leading causes of FP automated interpretation of STEMI were ECG artifact and non-ischemic causes of ST-segment elevation. FN were rare and were related to ST-segment elevation or ST/T ratio that did not meet the software algorithm threshold
In situ measurement of the electron drift velocity for upcoming directional Dark Matter detectors
Three-dimensional track reconstruction is a key issue for directional Dark
Matter detection and it requires a precise knowledge of the electron drift
velocity. Magboltz simulations are known to give a good evaluation of this
parameter. However, large TPC operated underground on long time scale may be
characterized by an effective electron drift velocity that may differ from the
value evaluated by simulation. In situ measurement of this key parameter is
hence needed as it is a way to avoid bias in the 3D track reconstruction. We
present a dedicated method for the measurement of the electron drift velocity
with the MIMAC detector. It is tested on two gas mixtures: CF4 and CF4 + CHF3.
The latter has been chosen for the MIMAC detector as we expect that adding CHF3
to pure CF4 will lower the electron drift velocity. This is a key point for
directional Dark Matter as the track sampling along the drift field will be
improved while keeping almost the same Fluorine content of the gas mixture. We
show that the drift velocity at 50 mbar is reduced by a factor of about 5 when
adding 30% of CHF3.Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures. Minor corrections, matches published version in
JINS
Measurement of the electron drift velocity for directional dark matter detectors
Three-dimensional track reconstruction is a key issue for directional Dark
Matter detection. It requires a precise knowledge of the electron drift
velocity. Magboltz simulations are known to give a good evaluation of this
parameter. However, large TPC operated underground on long time scale may be
characterized by an effective electron drift velocity that may differ from the
value evaluated by simulation. In situ measurement of this key parameter is
hence a way to avoid bias in the 3D track reconstruction. We present a
dedicated method for the measurement of the electron drift velocity with the
MIMAC detector. It is tested on two gas mixtures : and . We also show that adding allows us to lower the
electron drift velocity while keeping almost the same Fluorine content of the
gas mixture.Comment: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Directional
Detection of Dark Matter (CYGNUS 2013), 10-12 June 2013, Toyama, Japa
Development of a front end ASIC for Dark Matter directional detection with MIMAC
A front end ASIC (BiCMOS-SiGe 0.35 \mum) has been developed within the
framework of the MIMAC detector project, which aims at directional detection of
non-baryonic Dark Matter. This search strategy requires 3D reconstruction of
low energy (a few keV) tracks with a gaseous \muTPC. The development of this
front end ASIC is a key point of the project, allowing the 3D track
reconstruction. Each ASIC monitors 16 strips of pixels with charge
preamplifiers and their time over threshold is provided in real time by current
discriminators via two serializing LVDS links working at 320 MHz. The charge is
summed over the 16 strips and provided via a shaper. These specifications have
been chosen in order to build an auto triggered electronics. An acquisition
board and the related software were developed in order to validate this
methodology on a prototype chamber. The prototype detector presents an anode
where 2 x 96 strips of pixels are monitored.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figure
Development and validation of a 64 channel front end ASIC for 3D directional detection for MIMAC
A front end ASIC has been designed to equip the {\mu}TPC prototype developed
for the MIMAC project, which requires 3D reconstruction of low energy particle
tracks in order to perform directional detection of galactic Dark Matter. Each
ASIC is able to monitor 64 strips of pixels and provides the "Time Over
Threshold" information for each of those. These 64 digital informations,
sampled at a rate of 50 MHz, can be transferred at 400MHz by eight LVDS serial
links. Eight ASIC were validated on a 2x256 strips of pixels prototype.Comment: proceedings of TWEPP-11, Vienna, Austria, 26-30 September 201
Data acquisition electronics and reconstruction software for directional detection of Dark Matter with MIMAC
Directional detection of galactic Dark Matter requires 3D reconstruction of
low energy nuclear recoils tracks. A dedicated acquisition electronics with
auto triggering feature and a real time track reconstruction software have been
developed within the framework of the MIMAC project of detector. This
auto-triggered acquisition electronic uses embedded processing to reduce data
transfer to its useful part only, i.e. decoded coordinates of hit tracks and
corresponding energy measurements. An acquisition software with on-line
monitoring and 3D track reconstruction is also presented.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figure
- …