5,103 research outputs found
Shearfree Condition and dynamical Instability in gravity
The implications of shearfree condition on instability range of anisotropic
fluid in are studied in this manuscript. A viable model is
chosen to arrive at stability criterion, where is Ricci scalar and is
the trace of energy momentum tensor. The evolution of spherical star is
explored by employing perturbation scheme on modified field equations and
contracted Bianchi identities in . The effect of imposed shearfree
condition on collapse equation and adiabatic index is studied in
Newtonian and post-Newtonian regimes.Comment: 16 page
Teaching English as an additional language in the global classroom: a transnational study in the United States and United Kingdom
Global research has shown the persistence of inequality with regard to accessing curriculum with a view to obtaining suitable work and making useful contributions to society. The intersection of race, gender, language and low socio-economic levels creates situations which often marginalize ethnic minorities in school settings (Freire, 1968; Nieto & Turner, 2012). The graduation rates in the United States for Native American, African American and Hispanic students are lower than the graduation rates of Whites and Asian Americans. In addition, Bangladeshis and African Caribbeans currently living in the UK are under-represented in higher education, particularly young men in those communities. The research questions that guide this inquiry are: (1) According to databases, how does the academic performance of language minority groups compare to the academic performance of non-linguistic minority groups at the elementary and secondary levels of education? (2) According to language support teachers and university students, what are the strengths and weaknesses of the instructional practices for language minorities who are learning English in the United Kingdom (UK) (Bristol) and the United States (US) (Henrico)? Participants were: five UK teachers, four UK university students, five US teachers, four US university students. Data collection supervised by lead researchers included interviews, focus groups, classroom observation, and performance documents. Data analysis utilized a mixed-methods approach. Overall, linguistic minority groups performed lower than their English proficient peers. Culturally, UK teachers provided a greater emphasis on religious instruction, whereas US teachers addressed patriotic topics more frequently. Teachers in the United States and the United Kingdom were culturally supportive with slight variation in the encouraged use of the students’ heritage languages
Cubic Rank Transmuted Modified Burr III Pareto Distribution: Development, Properties, Characterizations and Applications
In this paper, a flexible lifetime distribution called Cubic rank transmuted modified Burr III-Pareto (CRTMBIII-P) is developed on the basis of the cubic ranking transmutation map. The density function of CRTMBIII-P is arc, exponential, left-skewed, right-skewed and symmetrical shaped. Descriptive measures such as moments, incomplete moments, inequality measures, residual life function and reliability measures are theoretically established. The CRTMBIII-P distribution is characterized via ratio of truncated moments. Parameters of the CRTMBIII-P distribution are estimated using maximum likelihood method. The simulation study for the performance of the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the parameters of the CRTMBIII-P distribution is carried out. The potentiality of CRTMBIII-P distribution is demonstrated via its application to the real data sets: tensile strength of carbon fibers and strengths of glass fibers. Goodness of fit of this distribution through different methods is studied
On Extended Quadratic Hazard Rate Distribution: Development, Properties, Characterizations and Applications
In this paper, we propose a flexible extended quadratic hazard rate (EQHR) distribution with increasing, decreasing, bathtub and upside-down bathtub hazard rate function. The EQHR density is arc, right-skewed and symmetrical shaped. This distribution is also obtained from compounding mixture distributions. Stochastic orderings, descriptive measures on the basis of quantiles, order statistics and reliability measures are theoretically established. Characterizations of the EQHR distribution are studied via different techniques. Parameters of the EQHR distribution are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Goodness of fit of this distribution through different methods is studied
Image Subtraction Reduction of Open Clusters M35 & NGC 2158 In The K2 Campaign-0 Super-Stamp
Observations were made of the open clusters M35 and NGC 2158 during the
initial K2 campaign (C0). Reducing these data to high-precision photometric
time-series is challenging due to the wide point spread function (PSF) and the
blending of stellar light in such dense regions. We developed an
image-subtraction-based K2 reduction pipeline that is applicable to both
crowded and sparse stellar fields. We applied our pipeline to the data-rich C0
K2 super-stamp, containing the two open clusters, as well as to the neighboring
postage stamps. In this paper, we present our image subtraction reduction
pipeline and demonstrate that this technique achieves ultra-high photometric
precision for sources in the C0 super-stamp. We extract the raw light curves of
3960 stars taken from the UCAC4 and EPIC catalogs and de-trend them for
systematic effects. We compare our photometric results with the prior
reductions published in the literature. For detrended, TFA-corrected sources in
the 12--12.25 magnitude range, we achieve a best 6.5 hour window
running rms of 35 ppm falling to 100 ppm for fainter stars in the 14--14.25 magnitude range. For stars with , our detrended and
6.5 hour binned light curves achieve the highest photometric precision.
Moreover, all our TFA-corrected sources have higher precision on all time
scales investigated. This work represents the first published image subtraction
analysis of a K2 super-stamp. This method will be particularly useful for
analyzing the Galactic bulge observations carried out during K2 campaign 9. The
raw light curves and the final results of our detrending processes are publicly
available at \url{http://k2.hatsurveys.org/archive/}.Comment: Accepted for publication in PASP. 14 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables.
Light curves available from http://k2.hatsurveys.org/archive
High Precision Photometry for K2 Campaign 1
The two reaction wheel K2 mission promises and has delivered new discoveries
in the stellar and exoplanet fields. However, due to the loss of accurate
pointing, it also brings new challenges for the data reduction processes. In
this paper, we describe a new reduction pipeline for extracting high precision
photometry from the K2 dataset, and present public light curves for the K2
Campaign 1 target pixel dataset. Key to our reduction is the derivation of
global astrometric solutions from the target stamps, from which accurate
centroids are passed on for high precision photometry extraction. We extract
target light curves for sources from a combined UCAC4 and EPIC catalogue --
this includes not only primary targets of the K2 campaign 1, but also any other
stars that happen to fall on the pixel stamps. We provide the raw light curves,
and the products of various detrending processes aimed at removing different
types of systematics. Our astrometric solutions achieve a median residual of ~
0.13". For bright stars, our best 6.5 hour precision for raw light curves is
~20 parts per million (ppm). For our detrended light curves, the best 6.5 hour
precisions achieved is ~15 ppm. We show that our detrended light curves have
fewer systematic effects (or trends, or red-noise) than light curves produced
by other groups from the same observations. Example light curves of transiting
planets and a Cepheid variable candidate, are also presented. We make all light
curves public, including the raw and de-trended photometry, at
http://k2.hatsurveys.org.Comment: submitted to MNRA
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