International migration and the rise of the ‘civil’ nation

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published in Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies on 2 March 2016, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/1369183X.2016.1155980Scholars largely agree that immigration policies in Western Europe have switched to a liberal, civic model. Labelled as ‘civic turn’, ‘civic integration’ or ‘liberal convergence’, this model is not identically applied across countries, since national institutions, traditions and identifications still matter. Even so, the main focus is on processes which allow or prevent migrants to be incorporated into nations usually taken for granted in their meanings. Moving from policies to discourses, this article aims to interrogate what kind of nation is behind these policies as a way to further scrutinise the ‘civic turn’. Exploring how the term ‘civility’ and its adjectivisations are discursively deployed in Italian parliamentary debates on immigration and integration issues, the article points to two opposite narratives of nation. While one mobilises civility in order to rewrite the nation in terms of a common, inclusive, civic ‘we’, the other uses civility to reaffirm the conflation between national identity and the identity of the ethno-cultural majority. These findings suggest the importance of exploring the ‘civic turn’ not only across countries, but also across political parties within the same country to capture the ways in which a liberal, civic convergence in political discourses might hide divergent national boundary mechanisms

Using two-dimensional liquid chromatography to separate complex mixtures of peptides

Two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) allows analysts to deal with complex samples that either cannot be adequately separated by one-dimensional liquid chromatography (1D-LC) or require excessively longanalysis times. Peptide mixtures, whose characterization is relevant in many areas (e.g., proteomics, food analysis, pharmaceutical, life sciences), are a clear example of such complexity. An overview of the most used 2D-LC modes of operation is presented and several examples of their use for the separation of peptide mixtures are described

Theories to support method development in comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography - A review

On-line comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography techniques promise to resolve samples that current one-dimensional liquid chromatography methods cannot adequately deal with. To make full use of the potential of two-dimensional liquid chromatography, optimization is required. Optimization of two-dimensional liquid chromatography is a relatively new yet important research topic the aim of which is to predict combinations of stationary and mobile phases, column formats, and chromatographic conditions that maximize resolving power and minimize analysis time. In on-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography, dilution-related issues play also an important role and these should be taken into account when developing optimization strategies. In this work, state-of-the-art strategies that support method development for on-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography through a rigorous choice of chromatographic parameters are critically reviewed. The final aim is to provide practitioners with a clear understanding of which aspects can be optimized using current on-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography strategies (and which ones cannot). In two-dimensional liquid chromatography, maximizing resolving power for a given analysis time and dilution requires optimizing efficiency, selectivity and retention. While great strides forward have been made in the optimization of efficiency-related issues, considerable effort needs still to be made in terms of (1) developing models that can predict the retention factors that given stationary/mobile phase systems can provide and (2) using this information for choosing the two ones that maximize two-dimensional liquid chromatography orthogonality. Because of this limitation, in two-dimensional liquid chromatography, this aspect is typically dealt with a posteriori through examining chromatograms. This review clearly shows that important progress in the optimization of on-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography has recently been made

Optimal gradient operation in comprehensive liquid chromatography × liquid chromatography systems with limited orthogonality

A novel strategy is described for designing optimal second dimension (2D) gradient conditions for a comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography system where the two dimensions are not fully orthogonal. Using the approach developed here, the initial and final organic modifier content values resulting in the highest coverage of separation space can be derived for each 2D gradient run. Theory indicates that these values can be determined by adapting 2D gradient operation to the degree of orthogonality. The new method is tested on a comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography system that uses reversed phase (RP) columns showing different selectivities in the two dimensions. A comparison between analyses carried out using normal and optimized 2D gradients showed that the latter allow a more efficient use of analysis time. This can result either in an improved peak capacity or in decreasing total analysis time, depending on the final goal of the experiment. In the latter scenario, the number of separated peaks is comparable to that obtained using gradients spanning a wide range of organic modifier but, now, in half the time. As test samples complex mixtures of peptides were analyzed

Utilization of soy residue (okara) in breakfast cereals development. UTILIZAÇÃO DE RESÍDUO DE SOJA (OKARA) NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM CEREAL MATINAL

The aim of this study was to develop a breakfast cereals with soy residue (okara). From a standard formulation, oat base, similar to the ones of the market, four other formulations were carried with different concentrations of soy residue (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) as substitute for the oat. The five samples were submitted to sensory analysis and chemical composition. Despite the samples not differ significantly (p<0,05) among themselves in the acceptance test, the results obtained in chemical composition allow to suggest that the sample containing 100% of soy residue can be a good source of fibres and vegetable protein due to the high concentration of these components in relation to the other samples. <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"> O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade de utilização do resíduo de soja (okara) no desenvolvimento de um produto do tipo cereal matinal. A partir de uma formulação padrão, a base de aveia, similar a de mercado, outras 4 formulações foram elaboradas contendo resíduo de soja em diferentes concentrações (25%, 50%, 75% e 100%) em substituição à aveia. As 5 amostras foram analisadas sensorialmente e avaliadas quanto a sua composição centesimal. Apesar das amostras não diferirem significativamente (p<0,05) entre si quanto à aceitação sensorial, os resultados obtidos na composição centesimal sugerem que a amostra contendo 100% de resíduo de soja pode ser uma boa fonte de fibras e de proteína vegetal por apresentar maiores concentrações desses componentes em relação às demais amostras

Trombosi Tardiva Della Vena Del Rene Trapiantato: Descrizione Di un Caso

Abstract non disponibil

ALTERAZIONI TISSUTALI INDOTTE DAL 2-ETIL-EXIL-FTALATO IN UN "SISTEMA COLTURALE IN VIVO". POSSIBILI IMPLICAZIONI SULLA TOSSICITA' DEL PLASTIFICANTE NEI PAZIENTI IN TRATTAMENTO DIALITICO

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