2,210 research outputs found
Interpersonal emotion regulation: a review of social and developmental components
A staple theme in clinical psychology, emotion regulation, or the ability to manage one's emotions, is directly linked with personal wellbeing and the ability to effectively navigate the social world. Until recently, this concept has been limited to a focus on intrapersonal processes, such as suppression. Less emphasis has been placed on developmental, social, and cultural aspects of emotion regulation. We argue here that as social beings, our engagement in emotion regulation may often occur interpersonally, with trusted others helping us to regulate our emotions. This review will highlight recent research on interpersonal emotion regulation processes.Dr Hofmann receives financial support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (as part of the Humboldt Prize), NIH/NCCIH (R01AT007257), NIH/NIMH (R01MH099021, U01MH108168), and the James S. McDonnell Foundation 21st Century Science Initiative in Understanding Human Cognition - Special Initiative. He receives compensation for his work as an advisor from the Palo Alto Health Sciences and for his work as a Subject Matter Expert from John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and SilverCloud Health, Inc. He also receives royalties and payments for his editorial work from various publishers. (Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; R01AT007257 - NIH/NCCIH; R01MH099021 - NIH/NIMH; U01MH108168 - NIH/NIMH; James S. McDonnell Foundation 21st Century Science Initiative in Understanding Human Cognition - Special Initiative)Accepted manuscrip
Phase diagram of an extended quantum dimer model on the hexagonal lattice
We introduce a quantum dimer model on the hexagonal lattice that, in addition
to the standard three-dimer kinetic and potential terms, includes a competing
potential part counting dimer-free hexagons. The zero-temperature phase diagram
is studied by means of quantum Monte Carlo simulations, supplemented by
variational arguments. It reveals some new crystalline phases and a cascade of
transitions with rapidly changing flux (tilt in the height language). We
analyze perturbatively the vicinity of the Rokhsar-Kivelson point, showing that
this model has the microscopic ingredients needed for the "devil's staircase"
scenario [E. Fradkin et al., Phys. Rev. B 69, 224415 (2004)], and is therefore
expected to produce fractal variations of the ground-state flux.Comment: Published version. 5 pages + 8 (Supplemental Material), 31
references, 10 color figure
Scaling of the von Neumann entropy across a finite temperature phase transition
The spectrum of the reduced density matrix and the temperature dependence of
the von Neumann entropy (VNE) are analytically obtained for a system of hard
core bosons on a complete graph which exhibits a phase transition to a
Bose-Einstein condensate at . It is demonstrated that the VNE undergoes
a crossover from purely logarithmic at T=0 to purely linear in block size
behaviour for . For intermediate temperatures, VNE is a sum of two
contributions which are identified as the classical (Gibbs) and the quantum
(due to entanglement) parts of the von Neumann entropy.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Crystal lattice properties fully determine short-range interaction parameters for alkali and halide ions
Accurate models of alkali and halide ions in aqueous solution are necessary
for computer simulations of a broad variety of systems. Previous efforts to
develop ion force fields have generally focused on reproducing experimental
measurements of aqueous solution properties such as hydration free energies and
ion-water distribution functions. This dependency limits transferability of the
resulting parameters because of the variety and known limitations of water
models. We present a solvent-independent approach to calibrating ion parameters
based exclusively on crystal lattice properties. Our procedure relies on
minimization of lattice sums to calculate lattice energies and interionic
distances instead of equilibrium ensemble simulations of dense fluids. The gain
in computational efficiency enables simultaneous optimization of all parameters
for Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, F-, Cl-, Br-, and I- subject to constraints that
enforce consistency with periodic table trends. We demonstrate the method by
presenting lattice-derived parameters for the primitive model and the
Lennard-Jones model with Lorentz-Berthelot mixing rules. The resulting
parameters successfully reproduce the lattice properties used to derive them
and are free from the influence of any water model. To assess the
transferability of the Lennard-Jones parameters to aqueous systems, we used
them to estimate hydration free energies and found that the results were in
quantitative agreement with experimentally measured values. These
lattice-derived parameters are applicable in simulations where coupling of ion
parameters to a particular solvent model is undesirable. The simplicity and low
computational demands of the calibration procedure make it suitable for
parametrization of crystallizable ions in a variety of force fields.Comment: 9 pages, 5 table
Early Growth and Efficient Accretion of Massive Black Holes at High Redshift
Black-hole masses of the highest redshift quasars (4 <~ z <~ 6) are estimated
using a previously presented scaling relationship, derived from reverberation
mapping of nearby quasars, and compared to quasars at lower redshift. It is
shown that the central black holes in luminous z >~ 4 quasars are very massive
(>~ 10^9 solar masses). It is argued that the mass estimates of the high-z
quasars are not subject to larger uncertainties than those for nearby quasars.
Specifically, the large masses are not overestimates and the lack of similarly
large black-hole masses in the nearby Universe does not rule out their
existence at high-z. However, AGN host galaxies do not typically appear fully
formed or evolved at these early epochs. This supports scenarios in which black
holes build up mass very fast in a radiatively inefficient (or obscured) phase
relative to the stars in their galaxies. Additionally, upper envelopes of
black-hole mass of approximately 10^{10} solar masses and bolometric luminosity
of ~ 10^{48} erg/s are observed at all redshifts.Comment: 17 pages including 7 figures (5 in color) and 1 table. To appear in
ApJ, v600, January 1, 200
On the evolutionary behaviour of BL Lac objects
We present a new well defined sample of BL Lac objects selected from the
ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS). The sample consists of 39 objects with 35 forming
a flux limited sample down to f_X = 8 x 10^{-13} cgs, redshifts are known for
33 objects (and 31 of the complete sample). X-ray spectral properties were
determined for each object individually with the RASS data. The luminosity
function of RASS selected BL Lac objects is compatible with results provided by
objects selected with the Einstein observatory, but the RASS selected sample
contains objects with luminosities at least tenfold higher. Our analysis
confirms the negative evolution for X-ray selected BL Lac objects found in a
sample by the Einstein observatory, the parameterization provides similar
results. A subdivision of the sample into halves according to the X-ray to
optical flux ratio yielded unexpected results. The extremely X-ray dominated
objects have higher redshifts and X-ray luminosities and only this subgroup
shows clear signs of strong negative evolution. The evolutionary behaviour of
objects with an intermediate spectral energy distribution between X-ray and
radio dominated is compatible with no evolution at all. Consequences for
unified schemes of X-ray and radio selected BL Lac objects are discussed.We
suggest that the intermediate BL Lac objects are the basic BL Lac population.
The distinction between the two subgroups can be explained if extreme X-ray
dominated BL Lac objects are observed in a state of enhanced X-ray activity.Comment: 14 pages incl. 8 figures, accepted by A&
Adhesive Contact to a Coated Elastic Substrate
We show how the quasi-analytic method developed to solve linear elastic
contacts to coated substrates (Perriot A. and Barthel E. {\em J. Mat. Res.},
{\bf 2004}, {\em 19}, 600) may be extended to adhesive contacts. Substrate
inhomogeneity lifts accidental degeneracies and highlights the general
structure of the adhesive contact theory. We explicit the variation of the
contact variables due to substrate inhomogeneity. The relation to other
approaches based on Finite Element analysis is discussed
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