Influence of colloid suspensions of humic acids on the alkaline hydrolysis of N-methyl-N-nitroso-p-toluene sulfonamide

The influence of humic substances (HSs) upon the alkaline hydrolysis of N-methyl-N-nitroso-p-toluene sulfonamide has been studied. Important inhibition of hydrolysis reaction has been reported. This inhibition has been explained in terms of association of reactants to the humic substances. Kinetic results have been modeled using the micellar pseudophase model. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Fil: Astray, G.. Universidad de Vigo; EspañaFil: García Río, L.. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Lodeiro, Anibal. Universidad de Vigo; EspañaFil: Mejuto, Juan Carlos. Universidad de Vigo; EspañaFil: Moldes, O.. Universidad de Vigo; EspañaFil: Morales, J.. Universidad de Vigo; EspañaFil: Moyano, Fernando. Universidad de Vigo; España. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud; Argentin

Incendios en edificios de gran altura

From the point of view of fire protection the high rise buildings have a special consideration, according to their design activities carried on, and fire protection system installed in them. In high rise buildings, difficulty of access by Extinction Services should be taken into account, as well as the impossibility of proceeding to make total evacuation. Consequently, it is necessary to design the building with exteriorization criteria, both vertical and horizontal and of protection of the structural elements, which make it possible to suffocate the fire and the partial evacuation of the occupants to independent neighboring sector.Los edificios de gran altura tienen una consideración especial desde el punto de vista de la protección contra incendios, que abarca desde el diseño del edificio hasta la implantación de la actividad a desarrollar, así como las adecuadas instalaciones de sistemas de protección contra incendios. Los edificios de gran altura cuentan, con un número de plantas inaccesibles desde el exterior, lo que producirá que tanto la evacuación del edificio como la lucha contra el incendio se efectúen desde el interior Por todo esto, los edificios con gran desarrollo en vertical merecen una atención especial

Variability and Trends in Physical and Biogeochemical Parameters of the Mediterranean Sea during a Cruise with RV MARIA S. MERIAN in March 2018

The last few decades have seen dramatic changes in the hydrography and biogeochemistry of the Mediterranean Sea. The complex bathymetry and highly variable spatial and temporal scales of atmospheric forcing, convective and ventilation processes contribute to generate complex and unsteady circulation patterns and significant variability in biogeochemical systems. Part of the variability of this system can be influenced by anthropogenic contributions. Consequently, it is necessary to document details and to understand trends in place to better relate the observed processes and to possibly predict the consequences of these changes. In this context we report data from an oceanographic cruise in the Mediterranean Sea on the German research vessel Maria S. Merian (MSM72) in March 2018. The main objective of the cruise was to contribute to the understanding of long-term changes and trends in physical and biogeochemical parameters, such as the anthropogenic carbon uptake and to further assess the hydrographical situation after the major climatological shifts in the eastern and western part of the basin, known as the Eastern and Western Mediterranean Transients. During the cruise, multidisciplinary measurements were conducted on a predominantly zonal section throughout the Mediterranean Sea, contributing to the Med-SHIP and GO-SHIP long-term repeat cruise section that is conducted at regular intervals in the Mediterranean Sea to observe changes and impacts on physical and biogeochemical variables. The data can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.905902 (Hainbucher et al., 2019), https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.913512 (Hainbucher, 2020a) https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.913608, (Hainbucher, 2020b) https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.913505, (Hainbucher, 2020c) https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.905887 (Tanhua et al., 2019) and https://doi.org/10.25921/z7en-hn85 (Tanhua et al, 2020)

Engineering of cyclodextrin glucanotransferases and the impact for biotechnological applications

Cyclodextrin glucanotransferases (CGTases) are industrially important enzymes that produce cyclic α-(1,4)-linked oligosaccharides (cyclodextrins) from starch. Cyclodextrin glucanotransferases are also applied as catalysts in the synthesis of glycosylated molecules and can act as antistaling agents in the baking industry. To improve the performance of CGTases in these various applications, protein engineers are screening for CGTase variants with higher product yields, improved CD size specificity, etc. In this review, we focus on the strategies employed in obtaining CGTases with new or enhanced enzymatic capabilities by searching for new enzymes and improving existing enzymatic activities via protein engineering

Life Cycle Assessment for Sustainable Improvement of Aquaculture Systems

The growing global population involves a significant increase in food demand. This increase, together with the depletion of fish stocks, has promoted the transition from traditional fishing toward aquaculture systems which have become one of the main sectors to cover the need to feed the world population. Aquaculture systems entail different pressures on the environment, society, and economy which compromise its sustainability. Nowadays, the most widely used scientific tool to evaluate the sustainability of the aquafeed production systems is the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) that identifies hot spots from a cradle-to-grave perspective and, therefore, allows the introduction of improvements in these systems. Aquaculture is a complex and heterogeneous system that uses different production methods, technologies, stages and processes, and farmed species; all these variables must be taken into account in the LCA to ensure a full life-cycle that guarantees a holistic assessment of the sustainability. This chapter focuses on the identification and evaluation of the environmental, economic, and social impacts of the aquafeed production systems using the LCA methodology to introduce improvements and mitigate these impacts, which would allow achieving more sustainable production and seafood consumption

Effect of hypothermic temperatures on production of rabies virus glycoprotein by recombinant Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells cultured in suspension

AbstractAiming at maximizing the production of transmembrane rabies virus glycoprotein (rRVGP), the influence of hypothermic temperature on a recombinant Drosophila melanogaster S2 cell culture in Sf-900II medium was investigated. Cell growth and rRVGP production were assessed at 4 culture temperatures in Schott flasks: 16, 20, 24 and 28°C. The maximum specific growth rates μmax were, respectively: 0.009, 0.019, 0.038 and 0.035h−1, while the maximum rRVGP levels CmaxrRVGP were: 0.075, 2.973, 0.480 and 1.404mgL−1. The best production temperature (20°C) was then tested in a bioreactor with control of pH and dissolved oxygen in batch and fed-batch modes. In the batch culture, μmax and CmaxrRVGP were 0.060h−1 and 0.149mgL−1 at 28°C and 0.026h−1 and 0.354mgL−1 at 20°C, respectively. One batch-culture experiment was carried out with adaptation of the cells by the temperature falling in steps from 20°C to 16°C, so that μmax fell from 0.023 to 0.013h−1, while CmaxrRVGP was improved to 0.567mgL−1. In the fed-batch mode at 20°C, μmax was 0.025h−1 and CmaxrRVGP was 1.155mgL−1. Taken together, these results indicate that the best strategy for optimized rRVGP production is the culture at hypothermic temperature of 20°C, when μmax is kept low and with feeding of limitant aminoacids