Treatment of renal stones with flexible ureteroscopy in preschool age children

WOS: 000336383500008PubMed ID: 24374900The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) to treat renal stones in preschool age ( 4 mm, a second-stage RIRS was performed. The pre-operative, operative and post-operative data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 65 patients with a mean age of 4.31 +/- A 1.99 years (6 months-7 years) were included in the present study. The mean stone size was 14.66 +/- A 6.12 mm (7-30 mm). The mean operative time was 46.47 +/- A 18.27 min. In 5 (7.69 %) patients, the initial procedure failed to reach the renal collecting system and ended with the insertion of a pigtail stent. The stone-free rates were 83.07 and 92.3 % after the first and second procedures, respectively. Complications were observed in 18 (27.7 %) patients and classified according to the Clavien system. Post-operative hematuria (Clavien I) occurred in 6 (9.2 %) patients, post-operative urinary tract infection with fever (Clavien II) was observed in 10 (15.4 %) patients, and ureteral wall injury (Clavien III) was noted in 2 (3 %) patients. RIRS is an effective and safe procedure that can be used to manage renal stones in preschool age children

The Relationship Between Parenting Style, Gender and Academic Achievement with Optimism Among Turkish Adolescents

The present study aimed to investigate optimism levels of Turkish adolescents aged between 14 and 18 and its relation with parenting style, gender, and academic achievement. The sample consisted of 1353 students (708 male, 645 female) who volunteered to participate in the study from three high schools in Ankara, Turkey. The Life Orientation Test and Parental Attitude Scale were used as the data collection instruments. The results of ANOVA indicated that the adolescents who had higher academic achievement had higher levels of optimism than those who had lower academic achievement. Moreover, the results of this study showed that the adolescents who perceived their parents as authoritative had relatively higher levels of optimism than those who perceived their parents as authoritarian and neglectful. Results of this study also indicated that the adolescents who characterize their parents as permissive had a relatively higher level of optimism than those who characterize their parents as neglectful and authoritarian

Pure Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Erectile Dysfunction

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the existence of erectile dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in which the other possible causes of erectile dysfunction were eliminated.Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 24 patients diagnosed as OSAS with polysomnographic evaluation, and 15 non-apneic controls (mean age; 41.0±8.8 and 42.3±7.9 year respectively) whose comorbidities which might be associated with erectile dysfunction were excluded. Daytime sleepiness was evaluated by Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and measurement of erectile function was performed by International Index of Erectile Function.Results: The rate of erectile dysfunction in OSAS and control groups were 54.2% and 33.3% respectively (p=0.204). The difference between mean erectile function scores of patient and control groups was non-significant (26.1±4.5 and 26.3±4.3 respectively, p=0.900). There was no correlation between erectile function scores and apnea hypnoea index (r=-0.140; p=0.395).Conclusion: Findings obtained from this study suggest that the high incidence of erectile dysfunction reported in OSAS patients seems to be related with concomitant comorbidities such as diabetes, atherosclerosis and neuroendocrine disorders rather than sleep apnea

Serum ve idrar fraktalkine düzeyinin primer kas invaziv olmayan mesane kanserinde klinik önemi

Objective: Fractalkine is a chemotactic agent that shows both tumorogenic and anti-tumorogenic activity in some cancer types. In this study, we investigated the role of fractalkine in the diagnosis, progression and recurrence of primer non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and compared it with the healthy population. Methods: Overall, 84 people that consisted of 44 cases with primary NMIBC and 40 healthy controls enrolled for this study. Blood and urine samples were collected and fractalkine levels were measured by the ELISA method. Urinary creatinine levels were calculated and urinary fractalkine levels were optimized. Demographic data, tumor stage (Ta, T1), grade (low and high), number of tumors, tumor size, recurrence and progression status of patients were recorded. NMP22 test was performed on the patient group and urine cytology was sent from the patients. Fractalkine levels and subgroup analyses were compared between two groups. Results: The mean age of patients was 63.9±11.1 and 62.3±9.6 in the control group. The mean urinary fractalkine level was7.8±0.9 ng/ml in the study group and 7.7±0.6 ng/ml in the control group; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0.426). Mean urinary fractalkine/creatinine level was similar between the study group and control group (16.0±32.2 ng/mgCr and 11.1±7.0 ng/mgCr, respectively, p=0.781). Mean serum fractalkine level was 2.9±1.2 ng/ml in the study group and 2.9±0.7 ng/ml in the control group; there was not a statistically significant difference (p=0.183). Also, we could not find any relation of fractalkine levels with tumor size, number, recurrence and progression. NMP 22 test was positive in half of the study group and Fractalkine levels were higher in the patients that NMP22 tests were negative that was statistically significantly. Cytology was positive for 45.5% of patients, but there was not any statistical correlation between fractalkine levels and cytology. Conclusion: In this study, we did not find a significant difference concerning serum and urinary fractalkine level between the two groups. These findings do not support the use of fractalkine as a biomarker for bladder cancer diagnosis and follow-up.Amaç: Fraktalkine, bazı kanser tiplerinde hem tümörojenik hem de anti-tümoörojenik aktivite gösteren bir kemotaktik ajandır. Bu çalışmada, fraktalkinenin primer kas invaziv olmayan mesane kanserinde tanı, nüks ve progresyondaki rolünü araştırdık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya primer kas invaziv olmayan mesane kanseri tanısı konulan 44 hasta ve sağlıklı kontrol grubu olan 40 kişi olmak üzere toplam 84 kişi alındı. Kan ve idrar örnekleri toplandı ve fraktalkine düzeyi ELISA yöntemi ile değerlendirildi. İdrar kreatinin düzeyleri hesaplanıp idrar fractalkine düzeyi optimize edildi. Demografik veriler, tümör evresi (Ta, T1), derecesi (düşük, yüksek), sayısı, boyutu ve rekürrens, progresyon durumu kaydedildi. Fraktalkine düzeyleri ve alt grup analizleri her iki grup arasında karşılaştırıldı. Hasta grubuna NMP22 test yapıldı ve hastalardan idrar sitolojisi gönderildi. Bulgular: Hasta grubun ortalama yaşı, 63.9±11.1, kontrol grubunda ise 62.3±9.6 idi. Ortalama idrar fraktalkine düzeyi hastalarda 7.8±0.9 ng/ ml ve kontrol grubunda 7.7±0.6 ng/ml olup iki grup arasında istatistiksel anlamlı fark izlenmedi (p=0.426). Ortalama idrar fraktalkine/kreatinin değeri iki grup arasında benzerdi (sırasıyla, 16.0±32.2 ng/mgCr ve 11.1±7.0 ng/mgCr, p=0.781). Ortalama serum fraktalkine düzeyi hasta grubunda 2.9±1.2 ng/ml ve sağlıklı kontrol grubunda 2.9±0.7 ng/ml olup, iki grup arasında istatistiksel anlamlı fark izlenmedi (p=0.183). Aynı zamanda, fraktalkine düzeyi ile tümör boyutu, sayısı, nüks ve progresyon durumu arasında ilişki tespit edilmedi. Fraktalkine düzeyi NMP22 test pozitif hastalarda negatif olanlara göre istatiksel anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. Sitoloji hastaların %45.5’inde pozitifti fakat fraktalkine değerleriyle istatiksel anlamlı bir ilişki görülmedi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, her iki grup arasında serum ve idrar fraktalkine düzeyi benzer bulunmuş olup, fraktalkinenin primer mesane kanserli hastalarda biomarker olarak kullanılamayacağı gösterilmiştir

Use of Tobacco Products in Turkish Children and YoungPeople: Is there an Alarm for Hookah Use?

OBJECTIVES: In the recent years, it has been observed that the use of hookah, a tobacco product, has increased in children and young people in Turkey. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of cigarette and hookah use in children and young people specific to age and gender and to define the factors relevant to the use of hookah

Risk factors, locations of the thrombus, prophylaxis, and treatment of the deep venous thrombosis patients in the İzmir City and Aegean Region: Results of a multicenter study

Objective: To determine whether there is a relationship between the risk factors and the locations of the thrombi, pharmacological prophylaxis, and the treatment modalities in patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the İzmir City and Aegean Region. Material and Method: We enrolled 531 consecutive patients with DVT which are confirmed by Doppler ultrasound and reviewed records of 13 hospitals in the Izmir City and Aegean Region, in this multicenteric cross-sectional study. The data of the patients were recorded on a questionnaire form and analyzed by using confidence intervals for odds ratios, Chi-square test and Student-t tests. Results: 85.3% of the patients were outpatients while 14.7% were inpatients. The most frequently encountered medical risk factors were chronic venous insufficiency-varices, immobilization and family history respectively. The most frequently seen surgical risk factors were lung cancer surgery and knee surgery, followed by gastrointestinal surgery in the surgical group. While DVT were seen more frequent in males who had lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and under chemotherapy receiving patients for a malignancy; otherwise, DVT was seen more frequently in females who were obese and had a hip fracture. Conclusion: Advanced age is a crucially important risk factor in population for DVT and be able to treat with low molecular weight heparin without hospitalization as outpatient settings especially, for pregnant or mothers in lactation period. Malignity and its related surgery are at the forefronts of DVT causes. The obese females are in danger for DVT if any surgery is planned. The population-based studies are needed to be planned to detect for the true prophylaxis rates. Copyright © 2011 by Türkiye Klinikleri