Location of posterior superior alveolar artery and evaluation of maxillary sinus anatomy with computerized tomography: a clinical study

Objectives: Knowledge and evaluation of the maxillary sinus anatomy before sinus augmentation are essential for avoiding surgical complications. Posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is the branch of maxillary artery that supplies lateral sinus wall and overlying membrane. The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence, diameter, and location of the PSAA and its relationship to the alveolar ridge and to study the prevalence of the sinus pathology and septum using computerized tomography (CT) scans. Materials and methods: One hundred and twenty‐one CT scans (242 sinuses) from patients undergoing sinus augmentation procedure and/or implant therapy were included. Lower border of the artery to the alveolar crest, bone height below the sinus floor to the ridge crest, distance of the artery to the medial sinus wall, diameter of the artery, and position of the artery were measured; presence of septa and pathology were recorded from CT sections. Results: Prevalence of sinus septa and sinus pathology was 16.1% and 24.8%, respectively. Artery was seen in 64.5% of all sinuses and was mostly intraosseous (68.2%). Mean diameter of PSAA was found 1.3 ± 0.5 mm. No significant correlation between the diameter of the artery and age was observed. Conclusions: The results from this study suggested that CT scan is a valuable tool in evaluating presence of sinus pathology, septa, and arteries before maxillary sinus surgery. Although variations exist in every patient, the findings from this study suggest limiting the superior border of the lateral window up to 18 mm from the ridge to avoid any potential vascular damage. To cite this article: Güncü GN, Yildirim YD, Wang H‐L, Tözüm TF. Location of posterior superior alveolar artery and evaluation of maxillary sinus anatomy with computerized tomography: a clinical study. Clin. Oral Impl. Res . 22 , 2011; 1164–1167. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02071.xPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/86838/1/j.1600-0501.2010.02071.x.pd

Is there a gender difference in anatomic features of incisive canal and maxillary environmental bone?

Objectives The effect of gender on anatomic structures and various body systems were illustrated in the literature. The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of gender and tooth loss on incisive canal characteristics and buccal bone dimensions in the anterior maxilla. Materials and methods Computed tomographies ( CTs ) of 417 male and 516 female patients in four dental clinics were included in this study. The diameter and the length of the incisive canal; width and the length of the bone anterior to the canal; palatal bone length, root length, and root width of the central incisor teeth were measured and recorded from CT sections. Results Mean incisive canal length was 11.96 ± 2.73 mm and 10.39 ± 2.47 mm in men and women, respectively, ( P  < 0.05). In men, mean canal diameter was 2.79 ± 0.94 mm whereas in women it was 2.43 ± 0.85 mm and this difference was statistically significant ( P  < 0.05). Men had significant higher buccal bone dimensions (length and width of the bone anterior to the canal) than women. Absence of teeth in the anterior maxilla decreased incisive canal length and buccal bone dimensions; however, canal diameter remain unchanged. Conclusions Present results suggested a gender related differences in anatomic features of incisive canal and surrounding buccal bone. In addition, crestal canal diameter, buccal bone length, and thickness parameters might be different in distinct countries.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/99051/1/clr2493.pd

Gingival tissue human beta-defensin levels in relation to infection and inflammation.

Aim To profile gingival tissue levels of human beta-defensin (hBD)-2 and hBD-3 in relation to gingival inflammation, Th17-related cytokine concentrations, Porphyromonas gingivalis counts, and gingipain and total protease activities. Materials and Methods Gingival tissue and subgingival plaque samples were collected from 21 periodontitis patients including 48 periodontal pocket sites with marginal, mild, or moderate to severe inflammation. hBD levels were determined by immunodetection, P. gingivalis counts with real-time polymerase chain reaction, protease activities with fluorogenic substrates, and cytokine concentrations with Luminex technique. Data were statistically analysed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests and Spearman correlation coefficients. Results Subgingival plaque counts of P. gingivalis (p = .001) and gingipain activity (p <.001), as well as interleukin (IL)-1 beta (p = .012), IL-10 (p = .024), IL-17A (p = .002), IL-17F (p = .006), and IL-23 (p = .036) concentrations were elevated in severely inflamed sites, whereas no change was observed in hBD-2 and hBD-3 levels. Negative correlations were found between protease activity and hBD-2 (p = .033) and hBD-3(p = .003) levels. Conclusions Shift in gingival inflammation from marginal to mild stage is related to elevations in subgingival plaque P. gingivalis counts and gingipain activity, but not to tissue hBD levels. Negative correlations between hBDs and total protease activity suggest the degradation of these antimicrobial peptides in progressed inflammation.Peer reviewe

Evaluation of Maxillary Incisive Canal Characteristics Related to Dental Implant Treatment With Computerized Tomography: A Clinical Multicenter Study

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141666/1/jper0337.pd

Türkiye'de diş hekimliği okulu öğrencileri arasında tütün içme oranı

Objectives: This survey aimed to investigate the attitudes of the first- and fifth-year Turkish dental school students towards tobacco and to determine the prevalence of those using various tobacco products. Materials & Methods: The survey was conducted between May 1 and June 30, 2018 and the first- and fifth-year students were from eleven dental schools located in different regions of Turkey. Data were tested statistically using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program. Results: A total of 1228 students participated and 1096 completed the online survey. The majority of the participants were females (n=691, 63.05%). Mean age of the participants was 21.8 ± 2.9 years (age range 18-54 years). Although the overall rate of current smokers was 37.96%, 62.04% of the participants had inhaled tobacco smoke at least once. More than half (55.19%) of the current smokers stated that they wish to quit and 29.26% of these students have attempted to quit within the last six months. Only 19.49% of all participants defined themselves as highly addicted to cigarette smoking. The rate of waterpipe smokers was 41.2%, of which 83.7% declared that they had no intention to quit. Conclusion: This study shows that the rate of tobacco smokers is rather high among dental school students in Turkey and this finding points out the need for novel and more effective precautions against tobacco.Amaç: Bu anket çalışması, Türkiye’de birinci ve beşinci sınıf diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin tütün ürünleri konusundaki tutumlarını araştırmayı ve tütün ürünleri kullananların prevalansını belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırma 1 Mayıs-30 Haziran 2018 tarihleri arasında, birinci ve beşinci sınıfta okuyan öğrencilerle, Türkiye’nin farklı bölglerinde bulunan 11 diş hekimliği fakültesinde eş zamanlı olarak gerçekleştirildi. Anket formlarının istatistiksel analizi aşamasında SPSS 21.0 programından yararlanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 1228 öğrencilerden 1096 kişi çevrimiçi anket sorularının tamamını yanıtladı. Katılımcıların çoğunluğunun kadın (n=691, %63.05) olduğu, yaş ortalamasının ise 21,8±2,9 olduğu belirlendi. (yaş aralığı 18-54). Sigara içenlerin genel oranı %37,96 olmasına rağmen, katılımcıların %62,04’ü en az bir kez tütün ürünü denediklerini bildirdiler. Sigara içenlerin yarısından fazlası (%55,19) sigarayı bırakmak istediklerini belirtirken, bu öğrencilerin %29,26’sının son altı ay içinde sigarayı bırakma girişiminde bulundukları tespit edildi. Tüm katılımcıların sadece %19,49’u kendilerini sigara içmeye oldukça bağımlı olarak tanımladı. Nargile içenlerin oranı %41,2 idi ve nargile içenlerin %83,7’si nargileyi bırakmaya niyetlerinin olmadığını bildirdi. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de sigara içme oranının diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencileri arasında oldukça yüksek olduğunu ve tütün karşıtı yeni ve daha etkili önlemlere ihtiyaç duyulduğunu göstermektedir

Türkiye'de diş hekimliği okulu öğrencileri arasında tütün içme oranı

Objectives: This survey aimed to investigate the attitudes of the first- and fifth-year Turkish dental school students towards tobacco and to determine the prevalence of those using various tobacco products. Materials & Methods: The survey was conducted between May 1 and June 30, 2018 and the first- and fifth-year students were from eleven dental schools located in different regions of Turkey. Data were tested statistically using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program. Results: A total of 1228 students participated and 1096 completed the online survey. The majority of the participants were females (n=691, 63.05%). Mean age of the participants was 21.8 ± 2.9 years (age range 18-54 years). Although the overall rate of current smokers was 37.96%, 62.04% of the participants had inhaled tobacco smoke at least once. More than half (55.19%) of the current smokers stated that they wish to quit and 29.26% of these students have attempted to quit within the last six months. Only 19.49% of all participants defined themselves as highly addicted to cigarette smoking. The rate of waterpipe smokers was 41.2%, of which 83.7% declared that they had no intention to quit. Conclusion: This study shows that the rate of tobacco smokers is rather high among dental school students in Turkey and this finding points out the need for novel and more effective precautions against tobacco.Amaç: Bu anket çalışması, Türkiye’de birinci ve beşinci sınıf diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin tütün ürünleri konusundaki tutumlarını araştırmayı ve tütün ürünleri kullananların prevalansını belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırma 1 Mayıs-30 Haziran 2018 tarihleri arasında, birinci ve beşinci sınıfta okuyan öğrencilerle, Türkiye’nin farklı bölglerinde bulunan 11 diş hekimliği fakültesinde eş zamanlı olarak gerçekleştirildi. Anket formlarının istatistiksel analizi aşamasında SPSS 21.0 programından yararlanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 1228 öğrencilerden 1096 kişi çevrimiçi anket sorularının tamamını yanıtladı. Katılımcıların çoğunluğunun kadın (n=691, %63.05) olduğu, yaş ortalamasının ise 21,8±2,9 olduğu belirlendi. (yaş aralığı 18-54). Sigara içenlerin genel oranı %37,96 olmasına rağmen, katılımcıların %62,04’ü en az bir kez tütün ürünü denediklerini bildirdiler. Sigara içenlerin yarısından fazlası (%55,19) sigarayı bırakmak istediklerini belirtirken, bu öğrencilerin %29,26’sının son altı ay içinde sigarayı bırakma girişiminde bulundukları tespit edildi. Tüm katılımcıların sadece %19,49’u kendilerini sigara içmeye oldukça bağımlı olarak tanımladı. Nargile içenlerin oranı %41,2 idi ve nargile içenlerin %83,7’si nargileyi bırakmaya niyetlerinin olmadığını bildirdi. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de sigara içme oranının diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencileri arasında oldukça yüksek olduğunu ve tütün karşıtı yeni ve daha etkili önlemlere ihtiyaç duyulduğunu göstermektedir