The Effect of Intramuscular Onusetron Treatment on Prognosis in Patients Diagnosed with Acute Gastroenteritis

Introduction:Vomiting is an important symptom that limits oral intake and may result in hospitalizations and prolonged hospital stays for intravenous fluid therapy. In our study, we aimed to compare the rates of hospital revisit and hospitalization due to vomiting within seven days of admission in children with acute gastroenteritis in two groups who received and did not receive intramuscular ondansetron.Methods:Files of patients aged 6 months-15 years (without dehydration) diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis (ICD A09) in our pediatric emergency clinic between December 2015-February 2016 (non-ondansetron period) and December 2019-February 2020 (intramuscular ondansetron period) were analyzed retrospectively. The patients included in the study were evaluated in two groups, the first group receiving a single dose of intramuscular ondansetron and the second group not receiving ondansetron treatment. Our primary aim was to determine the rates of readmission and hospitalization in the first 7 days of both groupsResults:It was determined that 21% of the patients who received ondansetron and 28% of the group who did not receive ondansetron were admitted to the emergency department due to vomiting in the first 7 days. In comparison of both groups, 5% of group I patients and 13% of group II patients needed intravenous fluids (odds ratio =0.3; 95% confidence interval =0.19-0.59) at repeated admission and required hospitalization in the emergency department.Conclusion:Intramuscular ondansetron treatment reduces the rate of hospital readmission, hospitalization and intravenous fluid requirement during re-admission in children with acute gastroenteritis with vomiting

Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance Among Parents: Are They Willing to Vaccinate Their Children?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the willingness of parents to allow their children to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and the factors affecting the decision. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective, cross-sectional and descriptive survey study. A survey consisting of questions about the COVID-19 vaccination was conducted with parents. Results: The study included 592 parents, 180 (30.4%) male, and the mean age was 34.14±7.42 years. There were 257 (43.4%) parents would vaccinate their children. A high level of education of parents (p=0.022), a high monthly income of the family (p=0.006), and male gender (p=0.002) were associated with high willingness to vaccinate their children. Two hundred twenty two parents stated that their decision may change depending on whether the vaccine is of domestic or foreign origin, and 215 (96.85%) of them stated that they would prefer domestic vaccines. The most frequent reasons for vaccine hesitancy or refusal to their children were: fear of possible side effects and it being a foreign vaccine. Conclusion: The hesitancy or refusal of parents to vaccinate their children with the COVID-19 vaccine is high. Public health authorities should inform the public about the importance of vaccination and domestic vaccine production should be encouraged

Does using atezolizumab with more combination chemotherapy prolong survival in small cell lung cancer?

Aim: For nearly 50 years, the standard first-line treatment for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been platinum-based chemotherapy combined with etoposide regimen. The use of atezolizumab in combination with chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of extensive-stage SCLC has recently been shown to improve survival in a randomized trial. Patients with SCLC not treated with immunotherapy received standard 6 cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy with the most effective survival results, whereas in the randomized trial of atezolizumab, standard 4 cycles of chemotherapy were administered. This retrospective study aims to present real-life data of atezolizumab combined with 6 cycles of chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of extensive-stage SCLC. Material and Methods: The study included patients diagnosed with disseminated SCLC in our clinic who received a minimum of 6 cycles of treatment with carboplatin-etoposide plus atezolizumab in the first-line induction phase. Patients who completed the induction phase received atezolizumab 1200 mg every 3 weeks in the maintenance phase. Patients who received less than 6 cycles of chemotherapy combined with atezolizumab in the induction phase and patients with missing laboratory data were excluded from the study. Characteristics of the patients, treatments administered, response rates and survival data were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier test was used to determine survival data and the effects of metastasis sites were analyzed using log-rank test. Results: Twenty-four patients fulfilling the criteria were included. The median age was 64 years and two thirds had comorbid disease. The median number of chemotherapy cycles was 6 (6-12) and atezolizumab cycles was 8 (6-54). After a median follow-up of 9.4 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 9.5 months (95% CI 0.0-25.8) and 30.1 months (95% CI 3.26-57.004), respectively. The overall response rate was 87.5%. There was no significant difference between the number of metastatic sites (p = 0.77) and OS. Grade 3 side effects were observed in more than half of the patients. The most common side effects were hematological toxicities, and all toxicities were manageable. Conclusion: These real-life data confirm the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab combined with at least six cycles of chemotherapy in the induction phase in the first-line treatment of extensive-stage SCLC