Parasympathetic Tone Changes in Anesthetized Horses after Surgical Stimulation, and Morphine, Ketamine, and Dobutamine Administration

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity can modify cardiovascular parameters in response to nociceptive stimuli or drugs in anesthetized animals. The aim of this study was to determine if a surgical nociceptive stimulus and morphine, ketamine, and dobutamine administration would modify ANS activity observed as a change in the mean parasympathetic tone activity (PTAm) in anesthetized horses. In 20 anesthetized horses, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and PTAm were monitored before and 1, 3, and 5 min after surgical incision, and before and 10 min after the administration of morphine (0.2 mg/kg IV). If nystagmus or spontaneous ventilation was observed, ketamine (0.5 mg/kg IV) was given, and the three variables were registered before and 3 and 5 min afterward. If MAP reached ≤ 62 mmHg, a dobutamine infusion was administered, and the three variables were recorded before and 5 min after starting/increasing the infusion (0.25 μg/kg/min IV every 5 min). The three variables were registered before and 1, 3, and 5 min after a PTAm decrease of ≥ 20%, HR increase of ≥ 10%, or MAP increase of ≥ 20%. The PTAm decreased 3 min after the administration of ketamine and 1 min after a PTA event. The surgical incision, dobutamine, and morphine did not modify PTAm. The absence of changes in ANS activity after the nociceptive stimulus and lack of correlation between PTAm and HR or MAP suggest that PTAm is a poor indicator of sympathetic activation under the study conditions. Ketamine seems to affect ANS activity by decreasing PTAm

Buenas prácticas de transferencia del conocimiento en la Universidad de Córdoba

La iniciativa consiste en proporcionar la materia prima. El proyecto, que se ha realizado con cerdos y ha tenido una duración de tres años, demuestra que la administración de Cardiotrofina-1 en el transplante hepático incrementa la supervivencia del animal, mejora su función cardiaca, respiratoria y renal, y también consigue reducir el daño hepatocelecuar y el estrés oxidativo y nitrosativo en el injerto

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

La radiación láser en la cicatrización de lesiones superficiales en la mucosa del caballo

Se presenta un estudio experimental de las posibilidades de utilización de la terapia láser, en la regeneración tisular de las lesiones superficiales de la mucosa oral de los équidos. Se realizan un total de 42 infiltraciones de O,1 ml de una solución de ácido sulfúrico al 9,8 % en la mucosa del labio mandibular, que posteriormente son tratadas con dos equipos de láser, helio-neón e infrarrojos. Los resultados macroscópicos y microscópicos permiten afirmar que la radiación láser He-Ne favorece una más rápida, enérgica y perfecta cicatrización de las lesiones irradiadas.An experimental study was made about the use of lasertherapy in the promotion of tissue regeneration in superficial lesions of the equine mucosa. 42 infiltrations were made, each of O,1 ml of 9,8% sulphuric acid solution, into mucosa of the lip. Theses infiltrations were treated with two lasers equipment, Helium-Neon and lnfrared. Macroscopic and microscopic results showed that Helium-Neon laser irradiation improved speed, vigour and quality of cicatrization.peerReviewe

Laserterapia He-Ne en la regeneración hística de las quemaduras

Presentamos un estudio experimental de las posibilidades de utilización del láser He-Ne sobre la aceleración de la regeneración tisular en quemaduras producidas por ácido.We present an experimental study of the possibilities of using the He-Ne laser on the acceleration of tissue regeneration in burns caused by acid.peerReviewe

Evolución de las características cromosómicas de un mastocitoma canino en el curso de cinco pases

A canine grade I mastocytoma from a 10-year-old female Brace breed dog was maintained in continuous culture for three months (5 passages). One morphological cell type is always evident, the spindle fibroblast- like cell, though after about one month of culture (passages 4-5), the cells began to show a degenerative change which is characterized by bizarre shapes with long protoplasmic processes. Cytogenetic evaluation of tumour cells showed a chromosome number ranging from less than 73 to more than 78.70 p. cent of the cells in the explante had the modal number of chromosomes in dog (78). This chromosome number decreased throughout the passages, this number being the most frequentduring the early three passages. However in the 4th and 5th passages the most frequent number was less than 73 chromosomes. The number of biarmed chromosomes also had the same behaviour as the modal number of chromosomes. During the first three passages, the modal number of biarmed chromosomes was two, the X chromosomes. In the last two passages, this modal number was dramatically increased, the most common number being more than three. In general, the more common alterations of this type of tumor were hypodiploid cells, additional biarmed chromosomes, and monosomy of X chromosome.Se ha mantenido durante 3 meses (5 pases) en cultivo continuo un mastocitoma can¡no de grado 1 de un perro hembra de raza Braco de 10 años de edad. Siempre ha sido evidente la presencia de un tipo morfológico celular, el fibroblasto en huso, que a partir del mes de cultivo muestran cambios degenerativos. La evaluación citogenética de las células tumorales mostró un numeración de cromosomas muy variable, con un rango de menos de 73 a más de 78. El 70 p. cien de las células de los explantes tenían el número modal del cromosoma del perro (78). Este número cromosómico decrecía a través de los distintos pases, sin embargo en el cuarto y quinto paso el número más frecuente fue menos de 73 cromosomas. Por otra parte el número de cromosomas bibraquiales tenían el mismo comportamiento que el número modal de cromosomas. Durante los 3 primeros pasos el número de cromosomas bibraquiales fue de dos, las correspondientes a los cromosomas sexuales X. En los dos ultimos el número modal se presentó altamente incrementado, siendo más de tres. En general las alteraciones más comunes de este tipo de tumores fueron células hipodiploides, cromosomas adicionales bibraquiales y monosomia del cromosoma X

Consequence of a unbalanced diet in horses: preliminary study

A study was made of the diet employed on a Spanish horse-breeding farm, 11 necropsies and blood samples from 18 other horses were analyzed and viewed alongside handling and exercise practice.Se aportan los datos del régimen alimenticio de una explotación de caballos de raza española, de la necropsia de 11 caballos y de la analítica sanguínea de otros 18 équidos; todo ello en relación con el manejo y ejercicio realizado. Un exceso de hidratos de carbono en la dieta puede originar, paulatinamente, degeneración grasa en el hígado, lo cual redunda no sólo en los costes económicos de la explotación sino también en la salud y apreciación del colectivo

Consecuencias de una dieta desequilibrada en équidos: estudio preliminar

Se aportan los datos del régimen alimenticio de una explotación de caballos de raza española, de la necropsia de 11 caballos y de la analítica sanguínea de otros 18 équidos; todo ello en relación con el manejo y ejercicio realizado. Un exceso de hidratos de carbono en la dieta puede originar, paulatinamente, degeneración grasa en el hígado, lo cual redunda no sólo en los costes económicos de la explotación sino también en la salud y apreciación del colectivo.A study was made of the diet employed on a Spanish horse-breeding farm, 11 necropsies and blood samples from 18 other horses were analyzed and viewed alongside handling and exercise practice

Laserterapia en heridas desgarrantes en pequeños animales. Aportaciones clínicas

Se presenta un estudio clínico sobre el empleo de la radiación láser a baja densidad de potencia en heridas desgarrantes. Se administra de forma puntual una densidad de energía de 8 J/cm2 mediante un equipo láser de Helio-Neón. Los resultados obtenidos permiten confirmar los beneficios terapéuticos de la laserterapia en este tipo de lesiones. La curación evoluciona favorablemente hasta la completa cicatrización de las heridas proporcionando una excelente calidad estética de las mismas.A clinical study was made of the effects of low-level laser irradiation on second intention healing of wounds with extensiva loss of skin and subcutaneous tissue. An He-Ne laser at energy density of 8 J/cm2 was used lesions were cicatrizad. Results confirm beneficia! effects of lasertherapy in these wounds. Evolution of lesions was optime and cicatrizad with excellent appearance.peerReviewe