Classification of Time-Series Data using ptSTL

In this work, the goal is to find properties to classify time series data. These properties are expressed using past time Signal Temporal Logic (ptSTL). First, we extend monotonicity properties for signals with timed labels to signals with a single label with the purpose of optimizing parameters of template ptSTL formulas efficiently. This method optimizes a monotone criteria while keeping the complementary criteria (i.e. error) under a given bound. Then by iteratively combining optimized formulas, a classifier is generated for the time series data. Lastly, proposed method is illustrated on a case study

An Efficient Formula Synthesis Method with Past Signal Temporal Logic

In this work, we propose a novel method to find temporal properties that lead to the unexpected behaviors from labeled dataset. We express these properties in past time Signal Temporal Logic (ptSTL). First, we present a novel approach for finding parameters of a template ptSTL formula, which extends the results on monotonicity based parameter synthesis. The proposed method optimizes a given monotone criteria while bounding an error. Then, we employ the parameter synthesis method in an iterative unguided formula synthesis framework. In particular, we combine optimized formulas iteratively to describe the causes of the labeled events while bounding the error. We illustrate the proposed framework on two examples

A New Index for Voltage Quality Assessment at Distribution Systems

Analysis of power quality problems in distribution systems is getting important day-by-day because of the increase in vulnerable non-linear loads, such as data centers across the Globe. Regulatory authorities all over the world investigate these problems in order to serve in better conditions to the users. In this article we analyzed power quality problems in terms of their effects to the users, and developed an index to observe the problematic areas. As different types of loads in terms of operation criticality, are fed through the same distribution system, same power quality event may have different effects to their operation. The proposed Event Ranking Index (ERI) is capable of presenting a ranking among the affected loads based on the characteristic properties of the realized event and operational criticality of the considered loads. This ranking can be used to identify risky regions of the considered distribution system

Maternal betametazon uygulamasının, fetal biyofizik skor ve orta serebral arter Doppler değerleri üzerine olan etkisi

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of maternal betamethasone administration on fetal biophysical parameters and Doppler flow indices of middle cerebral arteries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fetal biophysical profile and middle cerebral artery blood flow Doppler changes were investigated in 15 pregnant patient who has the risk of preterm labor and treated with betamethasone, before 34 weeks gestation. These parameters were evaluated on the day of administration, and the following 1. , 2. and 4th days. RESULTS: A transient decrease was detected in fetal extremity movements, fetal breathing number, fetal breathing time and middle cerebral artery Doppler indices on the first and second days of betamethasone administration. Significant decrease was detected on the first day of administration, in breathing time (decreased by 70% ) and extremity movements (decreased by 55%) (p;lt;0.01, p;lt;0.05 respectively). Non-reactive nonstress test was detected in 2 fetuses on the first day. All parameters were improved on the 4th day. No intrauterine fetal distress was found in any of the pregnancies one week later. CONCLUSION: Maternal betamethasone administration causes prominent but transient decrease in fetal biophysical parameters. We think that these changes should be considered in evaluating fetal well-being in preterm fetuses.AMAÇ: Maternal betametazon uygulamasının fetal biyofizik parametreler ve orta serebral arter kan akımı Doppler değerleri üzerine olan etkisini incelemek. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Gebeliğin 34.haftasından önce erken doğum riski olup, betametazon uygulanan 15 gebede betametazon uygulaması öncesi ve sonrası fetal biyofizik profil parametreleri ve orta serebral arter kan akımı Doppler değişiklikleri araştırıldı. Tüm bu kriterler betametazon uygulanan gün, ve sonraki takip eden /., 2., ve 4.günlerde değerlendirildi. BULGULAR: Maternal betametazon uygulamasından sonraki l.gün ve 2.günde fetal tonus, fetal ekstremile hareketleri, fetal solunum sayısı, fetal solunum süresi ve orta serebral arter kan akımı Doppler değerlerinde geçici bir azalma saptandı. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalma uygulamanın birinci gününde, solunum süresi (%70 azalma) ve ekstremde hareketlerinde (%55 azalma) tespit edildi (p0.01, p0.05, sırasıyla). İki fetusla tedavinin 1.günü reaktif olmayan nonstres test tespit edildi. Dördüncü günde değerlendirmeye alınan tüm parametrelerde düzelme saptandı. Bir hafta sonra yapılan değerlendirmede gebelerin hiçbirinde intrauterin fetal distress bulgusu gözlenmedi. SONUÇ: Maternal hetametazon uygulaması fetal biyofizik parametrelerde belirgin, fakat geçici azalmaya neden olmaktadır. Preterm fetuslarda fetal iyilik halini değerlendirirken bu değişiklikleri göz önünde bulundurmanın izlem açısından önemli olacağı görüşündeyiz

Maternal olarak yüksek doz retinol asetat uygulanımını takiben, sıçan hipokampus CA1 hasarlanmasının kantitatif değerlendirilmesi

In this study quantitative examination of dose dependent teratogenic effect of maternally applied Retinol Acetate (Vit A) on central nerve system and especially on variations caused at the tissue of the hippocampus was aimed. After maternally intraperitoneal application of single doses of 40000 ID/kg retinol asetat, 160000 IU/kg retinol acetate and %0.9 serum physiologic (control group) waited until the pregnancy was over. Postnatal first day after the intracardiac perfusion process, the hippocampal tissues of newborn rats dissected and after their follow-ups under a light microscope were accomplished the preparations made were examined as 100 times magnified. the cells with edema and the cells within the normal configuration were counted and the morphometric analysis statistically accomplished. Statistically significant differences between control group and retinol acetate given groups were detected.6u çalışmada, maternal olarak uygulanan Retinol Asetat (Vit A)'ın doza bağımlı teratojenik etkisinin, merkezi sinir sistemi ve özellikli olarak hipokampus dokusunda oluşturduğu değişikliklerin kantitatif olarak incelenmesi amaç edinilmiştir. Maternal olarak intraperitoneal yolla tek doz 40000 iÜ/kg retinol asetat, 160000 iÜ/kg retinol asetat ve %0.9 serum fizyolojik (kontrol grubu) uygulanımını takiben gebelik sonlanana dek beklenip, postnatal l.gün intrakardiak perfüzyon işleminden sonra yerıidoğan sıçanların hipokampal dokuları çıkarılıp ışık mikroskobik takiplerinden sonra hazırlanan preparatlar 100'lük büyütme altında incelenmiştir. Ödemli hücre ve normal konfigürasyondaki hücreler sayılmış ve morfometrik analizleri istatistiksel olarak yapılmıştır. Kontrol grubu ile retinol asetat verilen gruplar arasında anlamlı düzeyde istatistiksel farklılıklar saptanmıştır

An automated system repair framework with signal temporal logic

© 2021, The Author(s).We present an automated system repair framework for cyber-physical systems. The proposed framework consists of three main steps: (1) system simulation and fault detection to generate a labeled dataset, (2) identification of the repairable temporal properties leading to the faulty behavior and (3) repairing the system to avoid the occurrence of the cause identified in the second step. We express the cause as a past time signal temporal logic (ptSTL) formula and present an efficient monotonicity-based method to synthesize a ptSTL formula from a labeled dataset. Then, in the third step, we modify the faulty system by removing all behaviors that satisfy the ptSTL formula representing the cause of the fault. We apply the framework to two rich modeling formalisms: discrete-time dynamical systems and timed automata. For both of them, we define repairable formulae, the corresponding repair procedures, and illustrate them over case studies

Mirtazapine use in resistant hyperemesis gravidarum: report of three cases and review of the literature.

Background: Hyperemesis gravidarum is a serious health problem for the fetus and the mother. E.ective treatment regimens are obscure in patients with severe symptoms. Our aim was to use mirtazapine in hyperemesis gravidarum patients who failed to respond to conventional anti-emetic drugs. Cases: Three pregnant women who had severe hyperemesis gravidarum. All patients had dehydration, ketonuria, hypokalemia, and weight loss. All failed to respond to conventional anti-emesis treatment regimens, such as metoclopramide and promethazine. Al patients had mirtazapine 30 mg/ day within the intravenous .uid support approximately for 1 week. All responded to mirtazapine within 24 h and were able to resume diet within a few days after the initiation of treatment. None of these pregnant women had any disturbing symptoms of emesis throughout the pregnancy and had healthy newborns. Conclusion: Mirtazapine seems to be an e.ective treatment modality in patients with severe hyperemesis gravidarum who do not respond to conventional anti-emesis treatment regimens. Larger-scaled studies should be performed to show the effectiveness of mirtazapine in pregnant women with severe hyperemesis gravidarum who may request pregnancy termination. © Springer-Verlag 2005