Pengaruh Pajanan Auditorik Kombinasi Gelombang Monoton dan Ritmis Terhadap Ekspresi Postsynapticdensity-95 Hipokampus Neonatus Ayam

Ibu hamil yang terpapar bising akan memengaruhi janin yang dikandungnya bahkan memiliki efek negatif terhadap neurogenesis. Suara dari gelombang ritmis (musik) dapat meningkatkan neurogenesis yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap fungsi memori. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek positif gelombang ritmis untuk meredam atau menjadi terapi bagi bagian otak yang sebelumnya mendapat efek negatif gelombang monoton, dilihat dari peningkatan ekspresi densitas optik protein postsynapticdensity-95 dan waktu uji labirin T. Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan di laboratorium Developmental Biologi dan Patologi Anatomik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia pada bulan September 2018. Penelitian menggunakan 24 telur ayam yang difertilisasi dan dibagi empat kelompok: kelompok suara ritmis, monoton, gabungan (kombinasi suara monoton dan ritmis), dan kontrol. Telur yang sudah difertilisasi diinkubasi selama 21 hari dan dimiringkan secara otomatis tiap 4 jam. Dilakukan proses candling hari ke-3, ke-5, ke-10 dan ke-15 untuk menilai perkembangan embrio ayam. Hasil penelitian ini, terdapat perbedaan bermakna densitas optik protein postsynapticdensity 95 dan waktu uji labirin T antara kelompok gabungan dengan kelompok ritmis dan monoton, namun tidak terjadi perbedaan bermakna dengan kelompok kontrol. Gelombang ritmis dapat mengurangi efek buruk gelombang monoton dan mengembalikannya menjadi sama dengan normal (kelompok kontrol). Kata kunci: ritmis, monoton, kombinasi suara, memori, postsynapticdensity-95./ Pregnant women who are exposed to noise will affect the fetus they contain and even have a negative effect on neurogenesis. Sound from rhythmic waves (music) can increase neurogenesis which directly affects memory function. This study aims to determine the positive effect of rhythmic waves to dampen or become therapy for parts of the brain that previously received the negative effects of monotonous waves, seen from the increase in the expression of the optical density of the postsynapticdensity-95 protein and the labyrint T test time. This experimental study was conducted in the Developmental Biology laboratory and Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia in September 2018. The study used 24 fertilized chicken eggs and divided into four groups: rhythmic, monotonous, combined (a combination of monotonous and rhythmic sounds), and control. Fertilized eggs are incubated for 21 days and automatically tilted every 4 hours. The candling process was carried out on the 3rd, 5th, 10th and 15th days to assess the development of chicken embryos. The results of this study, there was a significant difference in the optical density of the postsynaptic density protein 95 and the time of the T labyrint test between the combined group and the rhythmic and monotonous group, but there was no significant difference with the control group. Rhythmic waves can reduce the bad effects of monotonous waves and return them to normal (control group). Keywords: rhythmic, monotone, sound combination, memory, postsynaptic density-95

Pengaruh Tekanan Telapak Kaki Bagian Depan terhadap Pemakaian Hak Tinggi dan Indeks Massa Tubuh Mahasiswi FKUI 2011

AbstrakPendahuluan. Pada saat berdiri, beban berat badan di titik tumpu telapak kaki akan dibagi rata padabagian depan oleh tulang sesamoid pada kapitulum ossi metatarsal I serta kapituli osseum metatarsalII-IV dan bagian belakang telapak kaki oleh prosessus medialis tuberis kalkanei. Hal ini akan berbedaapabila memakai hak tinggi, pada keadaan seperti ini tekanan akan lebih besar pada kaki bagiandepan. Perbedaan atau adanya masalah IMT pada seseorang juga dapat mengakibatkan perubahanperubahananatomik yang akan mempengaruhi tekanan telapak kaki, ketika berdiri normal ataupunketika memakai hak tinggi, yang akan memberi beban lebih besar pada kaki bagian depan. Tujuan.Menilai tekanan telapak kaki bagian depan pada pemakaian hak tinggi dan menilai tekanan telapakkaki bagian depan pada perbedaan IMT subjek penelitian. Metode. Survei deskriptif analitik denganpendekatan potong lintang. Hasil. Pada pengaruh tekanan telapak kaki bagian depan terhadap IMTnormal dan tinggi didapat hasil uji analisis dengan P = 0,000. Dan pada pada pengaruh tekanantelapak kaki bagian depan terhadap hak tinggi, tanpa hak dengan hak 5 cm, tanpa hak dengan hak 12cm, dan hak 5 cm dengan hak 12 cm didapat hasil uji analisis kesemuanya dengan P = 0,000.Kesimpulan. Terdapat pengaruh tekanan telapak kaki bagian depan terhadap pemakaian hak tinggidan IMT.Kata kunci : tekanan telapak kaki, sepatu hak tinggi, indeks massa tubuh.AbstractIntroduction. While standing, weight load on the pivot foot will be shared equally at the front by asesamoid bone on the metatarsal capitulum ossi osseum capituli metatarsal I and II-V and the backfoot by a medial processus tuberis calcanei. It would be different if wearing high heel, at this positionplantar pressure will be greater on the forefoot. Difference or a problem on someone BMI can resultin anatomic changes that will affect the pressure supported by the pivot foot, when standing normal orwhen wearing high heel, such as the use of high heels which will give greater pressure to forefoot.The aim of this research is to determine, how the effect of wearing high heel and body mass index toforefoot plantar pressure. Methods. Descriptive analytic survey with a cross-sectional design.Results. Effect of forefoot plantar pressure at different BMI acquired from analysis results with P =0.000. and effect of forefoot plantar pressure when wearing high heel, no wearing with high heel 5cm, no wearing with high heel 12 cm, and high heel 5 cm with high heel 12 cm, acquired fromanalysis results with P = 0.000. Conclusion. Forefoot plantar pressure have a effect of different BMIand when wearing high heel.Keywords: plantar pressure, high-heeled shoes, body mass index

The effect of medial arch support over the plantar pressure and triceps surae muscle strength after prolonged standing

Background: The activity with prolonged standing position is one of the causes of abnormalities in the lower leg and foot. The aim of this study is to discover the effect of medial arch support over the distribution of plantar pressure when standing and walking.Methods: This was an experimental study with pre- and post-design the strength of triceps surae muscle after prolonged standing, was also evaluated in an experimental study with pre- and post-design. Variables of plantar pressure measurement are the contact area and pressure peak were measured by using the Mat-scan tool. The measurement of the triceps surae muscle strength was done with a hand-held dynamometer, before and after using the medial arch support. Measurement was performed before and after working with prolonged standing position which took place about seven hours using the medial arch support inserted in the shoes. Data was analyzed using paired T-test.Results: There was a significant difference of peak pressure between standing (p = 0.041) and walking (p = 0.001). Whereas the contact area showed a significant decrease in the width of the contact area when standing (104.12 ± 12.42 vs 99.08 ± 10.21 p = 0.023). Whereas, the triceps surae muscle strength pre- and post-standing prolonged did not indicate a significant difference.Conclusion: There was decrease in peak pressure when standing and walking and decrease in contact area when standing on plantar after used of the medial arch support after prolonged standing.</p