Treatment effects of fixed functional appliances alone or in combination with multibracket appliances: A systematic review and meta-analysis

"Abstract Objective: To assess skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of fixed functional appliances, alone or in combination with multibracket appliances (comprehensive treatment), on Class II malocclusion in pubertal and postpubertal patients. Materials and Methods: Literature survey was conducted using the Medline, SCOPUS, LILACS, and SciELO databases and The Cochrane Library, and through a manual search. The studies retrieved had to have a matched untreated control group. No restrictions were set regarding the type of fixed appliance, treatment length, or to the cephalometric analysis used. Data extraction was mostly predefined at the protocol stage by two authors. Supplementary mandibular elongation was used for the meta-analysis. Results: Twelve articles qualified for the final analysis of which eight articles were on pubertal patients and four were on postpubertal patients. Overall supplementary total mandibular longationsas mean (95 confidence interval) were 1.95 mm (1.47 to 2.44) and 2.22 mm (1.63to 2.82) among pubertal patients and -1.73 mm (-2.60 to -0.86) and 0.44 mm (-0.78 to 1.66) among postpubertal patients, for the functional and comprehensive treatments, respectively. For pubertal subjects, maxillary growth restraint was also reported. Nevertheless, skeletal effects alone would not account for the whole Class II correction even in pubertal subjects with dentoalveolar effects always present. Conclusions: Fixed functional treatment is effective in treating Class II malocclusion with skeletal effects when performed during the pubertal growth phase, very few data are available on postpubertal patients.

Prehistoric stone disks from entrances and cemeteries of north-eastern Adriatic hillforts|Prazgodovinski kamniti diski z vhodov in grobi[; na gradi[;ih na severovzhodnem Jadranu

The paper presents a group of four, approximately 0.5m large, stone disks from entrances or cemeteries of two protohistoric hillforts of north-eastern Adriatic. The disks, having a sparse chronology with the exception of one dated to the Middle Bronze Age, show flat and plain surfaces or covered with sub-circular depressions. One disk shows two larger cup-marks at the centre of both faces. They are interpreted as ritual artefacts based on the association with sacred settlement locations and comparisons with similar coeval stones found mainly close to citadel entrances, burials and thresholds in the Aegean area and Anatolia

Occurrence and quantification of drosophila suzukii in the urban area of Vacaria, RS.

Drosophila suzukii, also called spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), is a fruit fly which originated in South-eastern Asia. This fly damages small fruits and usually disperses via passive transport in host fruits. Thus, tracking its occurrence is important in that it allows control strategies to be directed to urban areas as well. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of D. suzukii adults inside and nearby 14 commercial establishments that sell fruits in the urban area of Vacaria, RS, at 2014 and 2016. SWD adults were captured by means of PET bottle traps baited with pure apple vinegar. A total Occurrence and quantification of Drosophila suzukii in the urban area of Vacaria, RS Regis S.S dos Santos et al. 589 Rev. Elet. Cient. UERGS, v. 3, n. 3, p. 588-599, 2017 of 23 flies (15 females and 8 males) and 51 flies (29 females and 22 males) were sampled in 2014 and 2016 respectively. On both occasions, the spotted-wing drosophila was detected in 64.3% of the establishments. In 2016 specifically, 13 females were collected at a sampling point inside a supermarket. The results show that control strategies should take into account the presence of the spotted-wing drosophila in urban areas, especially inside commercial stablishments, since this pest may be causing damage to fruits via crosscontamination. Keywords: Distribution. Fruit Trade. Infestation. Control Strategies. Cross-Contamination. Drosophila suzukii ou SWD é uma mosca das frutas nativa do sudeste da Ásia que danifica pequenos frutos, cuja dispersão é atribuída ao transporte passivo em frutas hospedeiras. O conhecimento sobre a ocorrência de SWD em ambientes urbanos é importante, pois permite que estratégias de controle também sejam direcionadas para as áreas urbanas. Neste contexto, foi avaliada a ocorrência de adultos SWD no entorno e interior de 14 mercados de frutas na área urbana do município de Vacaria, RS, nos anos de 2014 e 2016. Adultos de SWD foram monitorados com armadilhas feitas a partir de garrafas PET com vinagre de maçã puro como atrativo. Um total de 23 (15 fêmeas e 8 machos) e 51 (29 fêmeas e 22 machos) indivíduos foram amostrados em 2014 e 2016, respectivamente. Em ambos os anos, em 64,3 % dos pontos avaliados houve ocorrência de SWD. Em 2016, num ponto amostral foram coletadas 13 fêmeas no interior do mercado. Os resultados mostram que estratégias de controle para SWD devem levar em conta a sua ocorrência em áreas urbanas, especialmente no interior dos mercados, pois a praga pode estar causando danos nas frutas por infestação cruzada. Palavras-chave: Distribuição. Comércio De Frutas. Infestação. Estratégia De Controle. Infestação Cruzada

Ocorrência de adultos de Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) em pontos comerciais na área urbana de Vacaria-RS.

Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a ocorrência de exemplares adultos de D. suzukii nas proximidades de mercados de comercialização de frutas em área urbana

Relative sea-level rise and potential submersion risk for 2100 on 16 coastal plains of the mediterranean sea

The coasts of the Mediterranean Sea are dynamic habitats in which human activities have been conducted for centuries and which feature micro-tidal environments with about 0.40 m of range. For this reason, human settlements are still concentrated along a narrow coastline strip, where any change in the sea level and coastal dynamics may impact anthropic activities. In the frame of the RITMARE and the Copernicus Projects, we analyzed light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and Copernicus Earth Observation data to provide estimates of potential marine submersion for 2100 for 16 small-sized coastal plains located in the Italian peninsula and four Mediterranean countries (France, Spain, Tunisia, Cyprus) all characterized by different geological, tectonic and morphological features. The objective of this multidisciplinary study is to provide the first maps of sea-level rise scenarios for 2100 for the IPCC RCP 8.5 and Rahmstorf (2007) projections for the above affected coastal zones, which are the locations of touristic resorts, railways, airports and heritage sites. On the basis of our model (eustatic projection for 2100, glaciohydrostasy values and tectonic vertical movement), we provide 16 high-definition submersion maps. We estimated a potential loss of land for the above areas of between about 148 km2 (IPCC-RCP8.5 scenario) and 192 km2 (Rahmstorf scenario), along a coastline length of about 400 km