COVID-19 vaccination willingness among people living with HIV in Shijiazhuang, China: a cross-sectional survey

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic imposed an enormous disease and economic burden worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is essential to containing the pandemic. People living with HIV (PLWH) may be more vulnerable to severe COVID-19 outcomes; thus, understanding their vaccination willingness and influencing factors is helpful in developing targeted vaccination strategies.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between 15 June and 30 August 2022 in Shijiazhuang, China. Variables included socio-demographic characteristics, health status characteristics, HIV-related characteristics, knowledge, and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 vaccination status. Multivariable logistic regression was used to confirm factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination willingness among PLWH.ResultsA total of 1,428 PLWH were included, with a 90.48% willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccination. PLWH were more unwilling to receive COVID-19 vaccination for those who were female or had a fair/poor health status, had an allergic history and comorbidities, were unconvinced and unsure about the effectiveness of vaccines, were unconvinced and unsure about the safety of vaccines, were convinced and unsure about whether COVID-19 vaccination would affect ART efficacy, or did not know at least a type of domestic COVID-19 vaccine. Approximately 93.00% of PLWH have received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine among PLWH, and 213 PLWH (14.92%) reported at least one adverse reaction within 7 days.ConclusionIn conclusion, our study reported a relatively high willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccination among PLWH in Shijiazhuang. However, a small number of PLWH still held hesitancy; thus, more tailored policies or guidelines from the government should be performed to enhance the COVID-19 vaccination rate among PLWH

H5N1 avian influenza re-emergence of Lake Qinghai: phylogenetic and antigenic analyses of the newly isolated viruses and roles of migratory birds in virus circulation

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus has swept west across the globe and caused serious debates on the roles of migratory birds in virus circulation since the first large-scale outbreak in migratory birds of Lake Qinghai, 2005. In May 2006, another outbreak struck Lake Qinghai and six novel strains were isolated. To elucidate these QH06 viruses, the six isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses show that QH06 viruses are derived from the lineages of Lake Qinghai, 2005. Five of the six novel isolates are adjacent to the strain A/Cygnus olor/Croatia/1/05, and the last one is related to the strain A/duck/Novosibirsk/02/05, an isolate of the flyway. Antigenic analyses suggest that QH06 and QH05 viruses are similar to each other. These findings implicate that QH06 viruses of Lake Qinghai may travel back via migratory birds, though not ruling out the possibility of local circulation of viruses of Lake Qinghai

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AND PERFORMANCE OF CHINESE LISTED COMPANIES IN SHANGHAI AND SHENZHEN STOCK EXCHANGE

Bachelor'sBACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION WITH HONOUR

A Framework for Travel Speed Prediction Inclusive of Service Area Dwell Times

Accurate modeling of travel speeds is crucial for optimizing roadway management, yet traditional methods overlook a key factor the influence of vehicle dwell times in service areas. This oversight introduces bias into speed measurements, impairing their utility for fine-grained traffic monitoring. To address this problem, we propose an innovative framework that integrates machine learning prediction of service area dwell times into travel speed calculation. We focus on a 9.3 km segment of a major highway in Fujian Province, China that includes the Qingyunshan service area. A Gradient Boosting Decision Tree model identifies vehicles entering the service area, while a Bayesian Backpropagation Neural Network predicts their dwell time. By adjusting the overall travel times using these predicted dwell times, our approach recovers normal driving behavior outside service areas. Experiments on electronic toll collection data from over 17 million transactions validate the framework’s effectiveness. The corrected travel speeds better reflect typical highway conditions and enable more precise assessment of traffic state across multiple time horizons. This study highlights the vital role of service area dwell time in travel speed modeling. Our solution provides a promising direction to enhance the fidelity of current prediction practices

Per-Pixel Coded Exposure for High-Speed and High-Resolution Imaging Using a Digital Micromirror Device Camera

High-speed photography is an important tool for studying rapid physical phenomena. However, low-frame-rate CCD (charge coupled device) or CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) camera cannot effectively capture the rapid phenomena with high-speed and high-resolution. In this paper, we incorporate the hardware restrictions of existing image sensors, design the sampling functions, and implement a hardware prototype with a digital micromirror device (DMD) camera in which spatial and temporal information can be flexibly modulated. Combined with the optical model of DMD camera, we theoretically analyze the per-pixel coded exposure and propose a three-element median quicksort method to increase the temporal resolution of the imaging system. Theoretically, this approach can rapidly increase the temporal resolution several, or even hundreds, of times without increasing bandwidth requirements of the camera. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method via extensive examples and achieve 100 fps (frames per second) gain in temporal resolution by using a 25 fps camera

Analysis of some problems in classification of seabed bottom characteristics using acoustic backscattering intensity

The backscattering intensity collected by multi beam sonar system and scanning sonar system can be used to classify seabed bottom characteristics. However, there are many problems that have not been solved in the practical application. This paper attempts to sort out and analyze the problems encountered in the classification process and put forward some solutions. The relationship among acoustic image, seabed topography and sediment is analyze

Modeling Citrus Huanglongbing transmission within an orchard and its optimal control

Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most devastating citrus disease worldwide. In this paper, a deterministic dynamical model is proposed to explore the transmission dynamics of HLB between citrus tree and Asian citrus psyllid (ACP). Using the theory of dynamical system, the dynamics of the model are rigorously analyzed. The results show that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number \mathscr{R}_0 < 1, and when \mathscr{R}_0 > 1 the system is uniformly persistent. Applying the global sensitivity analysis of $\mathscr{R}_0$, some parameters that have the greatest impact on HLB transmission dynamics are obtained. Furthermore, the optimal control theory is applied to the model to study the corresponding optimal control problem. Both analytical and numerical results show that: (1) the infected ACP plays a decisive role in the transmission of HLB in citrus trees, and eliminating the ACP will be helpful to curtail the spread of HLB; (2) optimal control strategy is superior to the constant control strategy in decreasing the prevalence of the diseased citrus trees, and the cost of implementing optimal control is much lower than that of the constant control strategy; and (3) spraying insecticides is more effective than other control strategies in reducing the number of ACP in the early phase of the transmission of HLB. These theoretical and numerical results may be helpful in making public policies to control HLB in orchards more effectively

Test results of early policy intervention years.

Test results of early policy intervention years.</p

Benchmark data.

(XLSX)</p