Age-related change in sit-to-stand power in Japanese women aged 50 years or older

BACKGROUND: This study examined whether the age-related change in power, calculated from the score of a sit-to-stand (STS) test, corresponds to those in knee extension torque and leg lean tissue mass in Japanese women aged 50 years or older. FINDINGS: Time for a 10-times-repeated STS test and knee extension torque were determined in 556 Japanese women aged 50 to 94 years. STS power was calculated using an equation reported previously. In addition, leg lean tissue mass was estimated using muscle thicknesses determined at thigh and lower leg. STS power, knee extension torque, and lean tissue mass were negatively correlated to age. STS power and knee extension torque, expressed as the percentages of the mean value of the corresponding variable for the subjects aged 50 to 54 years were lower than that of lean tissue mass in the subjects aged 60 years or over, and were similar in those aged under 75 years. However, the relative value of STS power was lower than that of knee extension torque in the subjects aged over 75 years. CONCLUSIONS: In Japanese women aged 50 to 74 years, STS power can be a convenient measure for assessing the age-related decline in knee extension torque, but not for leg lean tissue mass. At over 75 years old, the magnitude of the age-related decline in STS power does not parallel to that in the force generation capability of knee extensor muscles

CHANGES IN SPRINT PERFORMANCE AND KINETICS DURING THE ACCELERATION PHASE OF RUNNING OF A WORLD RECORD HOLDER

INTRODUCTION: Previously, it was reported that faster athletes tend to produce vertical ground reaction force (GRF) impulse during the acceleration phase of sprint (Hunter et al. 2005). The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in sprint performance and kinetics during the acceleration phase of running for a world record holder

CONTRIBUTION OF FORWARD AND VERTICAL IMPULSES DURING MAXIMAL 5OM SPRINTING TO THE MAXIMUM RUNNING VELOCITY IN SPRINTERS

The present study developed a 50 m-forceplate system and examined relationships between the impulse calculated from ground reaction force (GRF) from start to 50m and the maximum running velocity (Vfmax). Thirty five male sprinters performed maximal sprint on the system, using starting block. The forward and vertical components of impulses (IMPf and IMPv. respectively) were computed far each support phase by integrating the GRF. The highest correlation coefficients for both IMPf(~0.736)a nd IMPv(r=-0.729) were found at the distance of 10 m from the start. These results indlcate the ability to keep lMPv low and lMPf high seems to be important for achieving greater Vfmax, notably in the initial stage of acceleration phase

EFFECTS OF JOINT MOVEMENT ON THE ACCURACY OF 3-POINT SHOOTING IN BASKETBALL

INTRODUCTION: The 3-point shot is particularly important, since a player is required to shoot from a distance that requires both momentum of a ball and movement accuracy. However, there have been only few studies on a 3-point shot. The purpose of this study is to clarify characteristics of players who possess high accuracy of a 3-point shot with respect to joint movements and the ball trajectory

ACCURACY IN DETERMINING KINETIC PARAMETERS WITH FORCE PLATES EMBEDDED UNDER SOIL-FILLED BASEBALL MOUND

We developed a force measurement system embedded in a soil-filled mound for measuring ground reaction forces (GRF) acting on baseball pitchers and examined the accuracy of determining the point of force application (PFA) and kinetic parameters computed from GRF. Three 1.0 x 0.9 m2 force platforms were placed on the concrete foundation of an indoor sports facility and three bays were fixed onto the aluminum plates of the force plateorms. In each tray, clay-blocks were laid tightly and a mixture of red sand and volcanic-ash was used to make a smooth surface layer. The mean absolute error was 6.0 f 4.0 mm in determining PFA, less than 15.5 Ns (5% of the true value) in determining linear impulse. These results suggest that the present method is valid for measuring the PFA and GRF acting on the pitcher's legs for analyzing kinetics of pitching performances

素振り時の竹刀に作用する力の分析

In this study the angle of right and left elbow joints and the forces exerted by the upper and under (Lower) Part of the right and left hand were measured in order to observe the difference of Kendo performance between traned and untrained subjects. The results were summarized as follows : 1) In slow and fast swing motion, in the untrained subject, it was observed to flex the right elbow joint on up swing motion. In the trained subject it was observed a tendency to extensible enough the arm. And in the trained subject it was observed a pattern of a flexion and a tendency in the left elbow joint, but m the untrained subject "no stabilized" pattern could be found it wasn\u27t observed established one. 2) In the result observed to force exerted to the hilt of "shinai" in right and left hands, in the right hand it was observed a tenddency to force of "stopping" under on down swing and "draing" on up swing. In left hand it was observed tendency to force exerted upper and under twice at the same time on the other. That is thought the result were "shinai" shaking" when the untrained subject down swing. 3) It was observed large differnce among the trained and untrained subjects at the rate of force right and left handan, in the trained subject it was observed to big force exerted left hand, an in the untrained subject it was observed to it exerted the right hand. That is thought the Trained subject is swing centering around left hand, but the untrained subject is right hand. 4) In comparing the swing speed for both motion, nearly twise of force was required for a fast swing than for the slow swing was abserved

Preparation and Organization of Golf Tournament

Import 05/08/2014Cílem této bakalářské práce je popsat a objasnit všechny náležitosti přípravy a organizace golfového turnaje. Zaměřil jsem se na pořádání regionálního amatérského golfového turnaje. Zvolenou situaci jsem řešil za pomocí fiktivního příkladu golfového turnaje. V této práci jsem použil výzkumné metody SWOT analýza, SMART analýza, introspekce a výzkumné techniky rozhovor a pozorování. Díky zvolenému příkladu přípravy a organizování golfového turnaje bylo možné, aplikovat obecné zákonitosti a dílčí procesy a hodnoty do reálné situace, která přibližuje všechny detaily pořádání sportovně společenské akce a zároveň reflektuje postavení golfu v České republice. Tato práce by měla sloužit jako návod a zdroj informací pro potenciální organizátory golfových turnajů.The goal of this bachelor thesis is to describe and clarify all the essentials of preparation and organization of a golf tournament. I aimed at running a regional amateur golf tournament. I solved the situation by creating fictive example of a golf tournament. In this thesis I used the exploratory methods SWOT analysis, SMART analysis and introspection and exploratory techniques dialogue and observation. Thanks to the example of preparation and organization of the golf tournament I was able to apply general regularities and particular processes and values to the real situation, which introduces all the details of running a sports-social event and also reflects the condition of golf in the Czech Republic. This bachelor thesis should be instrumental towards the potential organizers of the golf tournament as a guideline and source of information.115 - Katedra managementuvelmi dobř

テレメーター法による長距離走トレーニング強度の研究

In order to predict the training intensity in long distance running, the percent of maximum oxygen uptake in daily training was estimated from heart rate response which was measured by means of telemetering. Four male distance runners participated in this experiment. These results were summarized as follows ; 1) In order to clarify the difference between directly measured VO_2 max and that predicted from heart rate, oxygen uptake and heart rate were measured simultaneously in treadmill running which produced the same pattern as the daily training program. The differences of % of VO_2 max predicted from heart rate and measured directly were about 10% 2) The training intensity was evaluated by % of VO_2max which was predicted from the variation of heart rate in long distance running. The training intensity in 6, 000m continuous running was equivalent to 70～85% of VO_2max. In intermittent run ning, which consisted of 1, 000m run seven times and 3, 000m run five times, it indicated 90～100% of VO_2max. 3) There were rectilinear relationships between running speed and percent of maximum oxygen uptake. The regretion equation was different for each athlete. At a given running speed the large difference of % of VO_2max btween individuals was observed