Genetic Variation in Quercus acutissima Carruth., in Traditional Japanese Rural Forests and Agricultural Landscapes, Revealed by Chloroplast Microsatellite Markers

uercus acutissima Carruth. is an economically important species that has long been cultivated in Japan, so is a valuable subject for investigating the impact of human activities on genetic variation in trees. In total, 2152 samples from 18 naturally regenerated populations and 28 planted populations in Japan and 13 populations from the northeastern part of Eurasia, near Japan, were analyzed using six maternally inherited chloroplast (cpDNA) simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Although 23 haplotypes were detected in total, both the Japanese natural and artificial populations exhibited much lower genetic diversity than the continental populations. The level of genetic differentiation among natural populations in Japan was also much lower (G’ST = 0.261) than that on the continent (G’ST = 0.856). These results suggest that human activities, such as historical seed transfer, have reduced genetic diversity within and among populations and resulted in a homogeneous genetic structure in Japan. The genetic characteristics of natural and artificial populations of Quercus acutissima in Japan are almost the same and it is likely that most of the natural populations are thought to have originated from individuals that escaped from plantations

成人看護学実習にテレナーシングを導入した教育プログラムの効果 : 患者教育プラン実施に対する学生の自己評価から

目的：成人看護学実習にテレナーシングを導入した教育プログラムの効果を学生の自己評価から検討する。方法：成人看護学実習Ⅱを履修した学生100名に患者教育プランの実施状況や認識をweb調査した。量的データは記述統計を用い、自由記載は質的記述的に分析した。結果：56名から回答を得た（回収率56.0％）。85.7%の学生が自作のパンフレットを使用し、87.5％がプランを計画通りにでき、84.0％が看護師役に満足していた。実施に対する認識は【患者のセルフケアを促して続けるための工夫】や【相手のペースに合わせて指導を展開しようとする試み】、【画面越しの患者の状態観察の難しさ】等12カテゴリーが抽出された。考察：学生はテレナーシングにおけるコミュニケーション技法を学ぶ機会となり、患者の行動変容を意識したプランを実施できた。このことから、本教育プログラムは成人看護学実習での教育方法としての有用性が示唆された。Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of an educational program that introduced telenursing to adult nursing practice by students’ self-evaluation.Method: We conducted a web survey on the implementation and perceptions of telenursing among 100 nursing students who had taken Adult Nursing Practice II. We analyzed quantitative data and free text using descriptive statistics and qualitative descriptive methods, respectively.Result: Of the 56 respondents, 85.7% used self-made pamphlets as learning materials, 87.5% could follow the educational plan as planned, and 84.0% were satisfied with the nurse role. We extracted 12 categories of perceptions of telenursing, including “attempts to encourage and continue self-care among patients,” “attempts to develop teaching at the pace of the other person,” and “difficulties in observing the patient’s condition through a screen.”Discussion: The students had an opportunity to learn communication techniques in telenursing and were able to implement a plan with an awareness of patients’ behavioral changes. This suggests that this educational program is useful as an educational method in adult nursing practice

Micro-Nano Mechatronics - New Trends in Material, Measurement, Control, Manufacturing and Their Applications in Biomedical Engineering

Micro/Nano mechatronics is currently used in broader spectra, ranging from basic applications in robotics, actuators, sensors, semiconductors, automobiles, and machine tools. As a strategic technology highlighting the 21st century, this technology is extended to new applications in bio-medical systems and life science, construction machines, and aerospace equipment, welfare/human life engineering, and other brand new scopes. Basically, the miniaturizing technology is important to realize high performance, low energy consumption, low cost performance, small space instrumentation, light-weight, and so on. This book presents the summary of our project Center of Excellence for Education and Research of Micro-Nano Mechatronics. The project implements a strategy to realize applications of micro-nano mechatronics, which are based on mechanical engineering or materials science, control systems engineering, and advanced medical engineering. The chapters describe the research advances in micro/nano measurement and control, micro/nano design and manufacturing, nano materials science, and their applications in biomedical engineering. The publication of this book was supported by Nagoya University, the 21st COE program ""Micro- and NanoMechatronics for Information-Based Society,"" and the global COE program “COE for Education and Research of Micro-Nano Mechatronics.” </span

Impact of having a certified nurse specialist in critical care nursing as head nurse on ICU patient outcomes.

ObjectivesThis study evaluated the impact of the presence of a certified nurse specialist in critical care (CNS) as ICU head nurse in an open ICU on clinical outcomes.MethodsThe presence of a CNS as ICU head nurse was implemented in practice in April 2017. To evaluate the impact on patient outcomes before and after the implementation, patients were divided into two groups: before (April 2014 to March 2017; 1988 patients) and after (April 2017 to March 2019; 1664 patients). Patients' demographic data were collected from the ICU database.ResultsMultivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of a CNS as ICU head nurse was associated with lower ICU mortality (odds ratio (OR): 0.52, 95% CI: 0.36-0.73, p ConclusionCNSs are defined as one type of advanced practice nurses. Having a CNS as a head nurse in the ICU may have helped improve patient outcomes by leveraging these practical skills in nursing management

Efforts to reduce the length of stay in a low-intensity ICU: Changes in the ICU brought about by collaboration between Certified Nurse Specialists as head nurses and intensivists.

Certified Nurse Specialists (CNS) are advanced practice nurses that often play a role in management. This study aims to investigate whether cooperation between CNSs in the position of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) head nurse and intensivists change the length of stay for ICU patients. A single centered retrospective cohort study design was followed. A multivariable regression analysis was performed to determine whether there is a difference in patients' length of ICU stay for two years before and after CNS as ICU head nurse and an intensivist started collaborating. The patients' diagnosis, age, gender, scheduled/emergency admission, surgical history, length of ICU stay, usage of ventilator, and details of ICU treatment were collected from the institution's electronic medical records. During the study period (April 2015 to March 2019), 3,135 patients were admitted to ICU, with 1,471 in the before collaboration group and 1,664 in the after-collaboration group. Collaboration between the CNS as head nurse and intensivists was significantly associated with shorter length of ICU stay (coefficient -0.03 [95% CI, -0.05-0.01], p < 0.001, t-statistic -3.29). Our main finding illustrates that in low-intensity ICUs, collaboration between CNSs as head nurses and intensivists may reduce patients' length of ICU stay

Genetic Variation in Quercus acutissima Carruth., in Traditional Japanese Rural Forests and Agricultural Landscapes, Revealed by Chloroplast Microsatellite Markers

Quercus acutissima Carruth. is an economically important species that has long been cultivated in Japan, so is a valuable subject for investigating the impact of human activities on genetic variation in trees. In total, 2152 samples from 18 naturally regenerated populations and 28 planted populations in Japan and 13 populations from the northeastern part of Eurasia, near Japan, were analyzed using six maternally inherited chloroplast (cpDNA) simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Although 23 haplotypes were detected in total, both the Japanese natural and artificial populations exhibited much lower genetic diversity than the continental populations. The level of genetic differentiation among natural populations in Japan was also much lower (G’ST = 0.261) than that on the continent (G’ST = 0.856). These results suggest that human activities, such as historical seed transfer, have reduced genetic diversity within and among populations and resulted in a homogeneous genetic structure in Japan. The genetic characteristics of natural and artificial populations of Quercus acutissima in Japan are almost the same and it is likely that most of the natural populations are thought to have originated from individuals that escaped from plantations