48 research outputs found

    The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

    Get PDF
    「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

    初年次教育の深化に向けて ―ホスピタリティ概論の分析から―

    Get PDF
    本研究は、初年次教育の深化を図るために、その一つの科目である「ホスピタリティ概論」を対象として、受講生の感想等を分析し、授業の改善を図ることを目的としている。2017年度に開設された「ホスピタリティ概論」は、2年目を迎えるにあたって、前回の調査で明らかになった課題の幾つかに改善を加えて実践された1)。加えられた改善点は、上級生を学生スタッフとして雇用し、受講生の学修活動の促進を図ること、そして各課割り当てからボランティアの事務職員を担当にし、教職協働体制の円滑化を図ることの2点である。昨年度同様のクリッカー調査とアンケート調査を実施し、2年間の結果の比較・分析を行った。この結果、次のことが明らかになった。クリッカー調査 ①平成30年度の方が29年度よりも、心身の不安を訴える1年生が多いこと。 ②入学の動機づけとなるオープンキャンパスへの参加に関しては、平成30年度の方が、複数回参加や家族の参加が多くなっており、参加しなかった割合が低くなっていること。③全学オリエンテーションと学科別オリエンテーションの理解度に関しては、共に平成29年度の方が高い数値を示していること。アンケート調査 ④「他学科の人とおしゃべりする機会が持てた」や、「他学科の人の意見を聞くことができて有意義だった」という授業内でのコミュニケーション関しては、平成30年度の方が高い評価が得られていること。⑤「ホスピタリティを理解する上で、この授業に合格点を与えることができる」に関しては、平成30年度の方が高い評価が得られていること。 ⑥自由記述欄の文字数の調査では、平成30年度の方が高い数値になっていること。上述の①~③に示されているように、年度によって学生の質的な変化が生じているように見え、今後の動向を注視しなければならないことが明らかになった。また、④~⑥の結果からは、今年度の改善点である学生スタッフの活用によって、「ホスピタリティ概論」における学生の学修活動の活性化をもたらしたと判断する事ができる。しかし、他の項目では学科による差も見られ、課題が生じているといえる

    Morphological evaluation of the human pyramidal tract: Tapering of axons

    No full text

    Effects of Lemon balm essential oil application on atopic dermatitis-like immune alterations in mice

    No full text
    Lemon balm oil has been used as anti-inflammation agent, but there has been no scientific study to date on the possible effects of Lemon balm oil on alleviating atopic dermatitis. BALB/c mice were sensitized with 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene for atopic dermatitis induction. Thereafter, Lemon balm oil was applied on the dorsal skin for 4 weeks. Scratching behavior was measured. Blood and spleen were collected for measuring IgE and cytokine, respectively. Serum IgE levels were significantly lowered in 3% Lemon balm oil application group after 3-week application. The Lemon balm oil application showed a significantly lower spleenocyte interleukin-10 level and an increasing tendency in Interferon- level compared with that of saline application. Scratching frequency of the Lemon balm oil application group had a lower tendency than the control groups. This study may demonstrate Lemon balm oil’s immunoregulatory potential for alleviating atopic dermatitis through influencing of Th2 / Th1 cell activation

    Metabolic engineering of E. coli for improving mevalonate production to promote NADPH regeneration and enhance acetyl-CoA supply

    Get PDF
    Microbial production of mevalonate from renewable feedstock is a promising and sustainable approach for the production of value-added chemicals. We describe the metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli to enhance mevalonate production from glucose and cellobiose. First, the mevalonate-producing pathway was introduced into E. coli and the expression of the gene atoB, which encodes the gene for acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase, was increased. Then, the deletion of the pgi gene, which encodes phosphoglucose isomerase, increased the NADPH/NADP+ ratio in the cells but did not improve mevalonate production. Alternatively, to reduce flux toward the tricarboxylic acid cycle, gltA, which encodes citrate synthetase, was disrupted. The resultant strain, MGΔgltA‐MV, increased levels of intracellular acetyl-CoA up to sevenfold higher than the wild-type strain. This strain produced 8.0 g/L of mevalonate from 20 g/L of glucose. We also engineered the sugar supply by displaying β-glucosidase (BGL) on the cell surface. When cellobiose was used as carbon source, the strain lacking gnd displaying BGL efficiently consumed cellobiose and produced mevalonate at 5.7 g/L. The yield of mevalonate was 0.25 g/g glucose (1 g of cellobiose corresponds to 1.1 g of glucose). These results demonstrate the feasibility of producing mevalonate from cellobiose or cellooligosaccharides using an engineered E. coli strain
    corecore