12,241 research outputs found
Satellite-tracked cumulus velocities
The research indicates that extreme caution must be exercised in converting cloud velocities into winds. The motion of fair-weather cumuli obtained by tracking their shadows over Springfield, Missouri revealed that the standard deviation in the individual cloud motion is several times the tracking error. The motion of over-ocean cumuli near Barbados clearly indicated the complicated nature of cumulus velocities. Analysis of whole-sky images obtained near Tampa, Florida failed to show significant continuity and stability of cumulus plumes, less than 0.3 mile in diameter. Cumulus turrets with 0.3 to 2 mile in size appear to be the best target to infer the mean wind within the subcloud layers. Cumulus or stratocumulus cells consisting of x number of turrets do not always move with wind. The addition and deletion of turrets belonging to a specific cell appear to be the cause of the erratic motion of a tracer cell. It may by concluded that the accuracy of wind estimates is unlikely to be better than 2m/sec unless the physical and dynamical characteristics of cumulus motion is futher investigated
Reflectance measurement of two-dimensional photonic crystal nanocavities with embedded quantum dots
The spectra of two-dimensional photonic crystal slab nanocavities with
embedded InAs quantum dots are measured by photoluminescence and reflectance.
In comparing the spectra taken by these two different methods, consistency with
the nanocavities' resonant wavelengths is found. Furthermore, it is shown that
the reflectance method can measure both active and passive cavities. Q-factors
of nanocavities, whose resonant wavelengths range from 1280 to 1620 nm, are
measured by the reflectance method in cross polarization. Experimentally,
Q-factors decrease for longer wavelengths and the intensity, reflected by the
nanocavities on resonance, becomes minimal around 1370 nm. The trend of the
Q-factors is explained by the change of the slab thickness relative to the
resonant wavelength, showing a good agreement between theory and experiment.
The trend of reflected intensity by the nanocavities on resonance can be
understood as effects that originate from the PC slab and the underlying air
cladding thickness. In addition to three dimensional finite-difference
time-domain calculations, an analytical model is introduced that is able to
reproduce the wavelength dependence of the reflected intensity observed in the
experiment.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures, corrected+full versio
Passivity-Based Control of Human-Robotic Networks with Inter-Robot Communication Delays and Experimental Verification
In this paper, we present experimental studies on a cooperative control
system for human-robotic networks with inter-robot communication delays. We
first design a cooperative controller to be implemented on each robot so that
their motion are synchronized to a reference motion desired by a human
operator, and then point out that each robot motion ensures passivity.
Inter-robot communication channels are then designed via so-called scattering
transformation which is a technique to passify the delayed channel. The
resulting robotic network is then connected with human operator based on
passivity theory. In order to demonstrate the present control architecture, we
build an experimental testbed consisting of multiple robots and a tablet. In
particular, we analyze the effects of the communication delays on the human
operator's behavior
Finite size corrections in massive Thirring model
We calculate for the first time the finite size corrections in the massive
Thirring model. This is done by numerically solving the equations of periodic
boundary conditions of the Bethe ansatz solution. It is found that the
corresponding central charge extracted from the term is around 0.4 for
the coupling constant of and decreases down to zero when
. This is quite different from the predicted central
charge of the sine-Gordon model.Comment: 8 pages, Latex, 2 figure
Coherent shuttle of electron-spin states
We demonstrate a coherent spin shuttle through a GaAs/AlGaAs
quadruple-quantum-dot array. Starting with two electrons in a spin-singlet
state in the first dot, we shuttle one electron over to either the second,
third or fourth dot. We observe that the separated spin-singlet evolves
periodically into the spin-triplet and back before it dephases due to
nuclear spin noise. We attribute the time evolution to differences in the local
Zeeman splitting between the respective dots. With the help of numerical
simulations, we analyse and discuss the visibility of the singlet-triplet
oscillations and connect it to the requirements for coherent spin shuttling in
terms of the inter-dot tunnel coupling strength and rise time of the pulses.
The distribution of entangled spin pairs through tunnel coupled structures may
be of great utility for connecting distant qubit registers on a chip.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figure
The Three Component Electronic Structure of the Cuprates Derived from SI-STM
We present a phenomenological model that describes the low energy electronic
structure of the cuprate high temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x as
observed by Spectroscopic Imagining Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (SI-STM). Our
model is based on observations from Quasiparticle Interference (QPI)
measurements and Local Density of States (LDOS) measurements that span a range
of hole densities from critical doping, p~0.19, to extremely underdoped,
p~0.06. The model presented below unifies the spectral density of states
observed in QPI studies with that of the LDOS. In unifying these two separate
measurements, we find that the previously reported phenomena, the Bogoliubov
QPI termination, the checkerboard conductance modulations, and the pseudogap
are associated with unique energy scales that have features present in both the
q-space and LDOS(E) data sets
Low temperature vortex liquid states induced by quantum fluctuations in the quasi two dimensional organic superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)_{2} Cu(NCS)_{2}
We report the transport properties in the vortex liquid states induced by
quantum fluctuations at low temperature in the layered organic superconductor
kappa-(BEDT-TTF)_{2} Cu(NCS)_{2}. A steep drop of the resistivity observed
below about 1 K separates the liquid state into two regions. In the low
resistance state at lower temperature, a finite resistivity with weak
temperature dependence persists down to 100 mK at least. The finite resistivity
in the vortex state at T ~= 0 K indicates the realization of quantum vortex
liquid assisted by the strong quantum fluctuations instead of the thermal one.
A possible origin for separating these liquid states is a remnant vortex
melting line at the original position, which is obscured and suppressed by the
quantum fluctuations. A non-linear behavior of the in-plane resistivity appears
at large current density in only the low resistance state, but not in another
vortex liquid state at higher temperature, where the thermal fluctuations are
dominant. The transport properties in the low resistance state are well
understood in the vortex slush concept with a short-range order of vortices.
Thus the low resistance state below 1 K is considered to be a novel quantum
vortex slush state.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
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